THE STATE OF FLORIDA, PETITIONER,
v.
RONALD WILLIAMS AND WALTER KOLKER, RESPONDENTS

Fla. 3d DCA | 1996-08-07
No. 96-1317
Before BARKDULL, LEVY and GREEN, JJ.
678 So. 2d 1356 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1996) Positive Treatment
Cited by 10 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

The State of Florida sought certiorari to quash a trial court order requiring the State to photocopy seized business documents at its expense and to disclose which documents it intended to use at trial in a prosecution against two defendants. The appellate court granted the petition and quashed the order, holding that the State's obligation under discovery rules is only to allow access to documents, not to bear copying costs, and that disclosing which documents the State intends to use violates work product privilege.


Holding

The court held that the State's obligation under Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure Rule 3.220(b)(1) is only to allow defense counsel access to and the ability to inspect, copy, test, and photograph documents in the State's possession; the burden of copying costs falls on the defendant, not the State. The court also held that requiring the State to disclose which documents it intends to use at trial violates the prosecutor's work product privilege because identifying those documents would reveal the attorney's mental impressions and legal analysis.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court errs in ordering the State to photocopy seized documents at its own expense when the documents are lawfully seized and available for the defense to copy.

[2] The burden of copying costs for discovery of lawfully seized documents in an ongoing prosecution generally falls upon the defendant.

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Key Quotes

“As a matter of course, courts should not order the State to return property lawfully seized pursuant to a valid search warrant where the State is actively conducting a prosecution.”

Establishes the foundational principle that seized property should not be returned during active prosecution.

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Facts & Procedural History

In 1992, law enforcement seized approximately 285 boxes containing hundreds of thousands of business documents from Intereo Funding Group/Onyx Financi…

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Opinion of the Court
LEVY, Judge.

LEVY, Judge.

The State of Florida petitions this court for a Writ of Common Law Certiorari seeking to quash a trial court order requiring the State to photocopy the seized documents and to identify the evidence the State intends to use at trial. We have jurisdiction under Rule 9.030(b)(2)a, Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure. For the following reasons, we grant the petition and quash the order of the trial court under review.

In 1992, pursuant to a valid search warrant, the Florida Department of Law Enforcement seized a voluminous amount of business records from Intereo Funding Group/Onyx Financial Group consisting of approximately eighty file drawers worth of materials. The seizure was related to the investigation of Ronald Williams and Walter Kolker (hereinafter “respondents”) who were charged by information with multiple counts including racketeering, conspiracy to commit racketeering, fraudulent transactions, organized fraud, issuance of worthless checks and violation of the loan brokers statute. The records consisted of hundreds of thousands of documents which were stored in 285 boxes.

On March 20, 1996, the respondents filed a Motion for Return of Seized Property. The motion requested that the State be directed to return the seized documents to the respondents. The respondents alleged that in the absence of access to those materials their ability to prepare a defense in this case had been impaired. The respondent, Ronald Williams, also filed a separate Motion to Require the State to Identify the Evidence it Intends to Use at Trial. The trial court conducted a hearing on the motions and entered an order granting both motions. The order demanded that the State copy all of the documents contained in the 285 boxes, at its expense, and forward said photocopies to the respondents. The order also directed the State to disclose, by December 2, 1996, all of the documents it intends to use at trial.

The trial court departed from the essential requirements of law in ordering the State to photocopy the seized documents at its own expense. As a matter of course, courts should not order the State to return property lawfully seized pursuant to a valid search warrant where the State is actively conducting a prosecution. See Glendale Montessori School, Inc. v. State, 645 So. 2d 164 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994) (reversing order denying return of seized property where both criminal cases have terminated and the time to file a Rule 3.850 motion by the defendant has expired); Alvarez v. State, 485 So. 2d 470 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986) (reversing order denying return of seized property where defendant could no longer be prosecuted for offense due to the expiration of the speedy trial time).

Rather, Rule 3.220(b)(1), Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, provides that after the defendant’s written discovery demand “the prosecutor shall disclose to defense counsel and permit defense counsel to inspect, copy, test and photograph the following information and material within the State’s possession or control .... ” (emphasis added). Although the rule is silent regarding who may bear the cost of the document inspection or copying, any reasonable construction of the rule would place the burden of any copying costs upon the defendant. See Evangelos v. Dachiel, 553 So. 2d 245 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989); Schering Corp. v. Thornton, 280 So. 2d 493 (Fla. 4th DCA 1973). According to the language of the rule 3.220(b)(1), the State’s only obligation to a non-indigent defendant is to allow the defense counsel access to the records.1

In the instant case, the State is conducting an ongoing prosecution of the respondents of which the documents play a central role. The State had sent numerous boxes of documents to a printer in order that the respondents have an opportunity to copy the documents. However, the respondents determined that they did not want to spend the money for the copying costs. Additionally, the State advised the respondents that the documents at issue were completely open to defense counsel for review. For the foregoing reasons, we find that the trial court erred in requiring the State to photocopy the documents at its own expense when the documents are freely available for the respondents to photocopy.

The trial court also erred in requiring the State to disclose to the respondents a list of all of the documents that it intends to use at trial. A prosecutor’s work product is generally not subject to pretrial disclosure. See Rule 3.220(g), Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure; State v. Rabin, 495 So. 2d 257 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)(holding that “opinion” work product is nearly absolutely privileged and therefore not subject to disclosure). In the case at bar, the State asserts that the trial court order requiring that the State disclose to the respondents a list of the documents that it intends to use is contrary to the work-product doctrine because it would serve to highlight the thought processes and legal analysis of the attorneys involved. We agree.

In Smith v. Florida Power & Light Co., 632 So. 2d 696 (Fla. 3d DCA 1994), Florida Power & Light (hereinafter “FPL”) propounded a request for production for “[a]ll other documents of Defendant Florida Power & Light Company in your possession and not produced by Defendant Florida Power & Light in this cause.” FPL asked for the documents after it learned that the plaintiffs’ attorney had come to possess certain FPL-generated business documents. However, FPL did not know which documents the plaintiffs’ attorney had uncovered. At the hearing on the motion, plaintiffs’ attorney objected to the request asserting that the very grouping of the FPL documents would reveal his mental impressions. The trial court overruled his objections. This court reversed, stating that “the attorney’s strategy in culling only those documents from a possibly infinite universe of corporate documents would be apparent to FPL upon plaintiffs’ production of the collection.” Id. at 698. Similarly, in the instant case, a disclosure to the respondents by the State of a list of documents that the State intends to use at trial violates the State’s work product privilege.

Accordingly, since the trial court order departed from the essential requirements of law, we grant the petition and quash the order under review. The ease is remanded to the trial court for further proceedings consistent herewith.

. Although the respondents herein are represented by privately retained counsel, if the respondents were to be declared indigent, it would be the County, not the State, under Rule 3.220(o), Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure which might be responsible for the costs the defendant incurred during the criminal prosecution. The United States Supreme Court has an even more restrictive view of the State's obligation to provide an indigent defendant with documents at the State's expense. In Britt v. North Carolina, 404 U.S. 226, 92 S.Ct. 431, 30 L.Ed.2d 400 (1971), the Court upheld a state court's refusal to grant the defendant a transcript of his first trial which had ended in a mistrial.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Durrance v. State, 44 So. 3d 217 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010)
    …the state fulfilled its obligation under the rule by disclosing the trial testimony in its supplemental response to defendant’s request for discovery. The defendant has the burden of inspecting and copying the trial testimony. See State v. Williams, 678 So. 2d 1356, 1357-58 (Fla.3rd DCA 1996) (holding that rule 3.220(b)(1) requires the prosecutor to produce documents for inspection and copying, but it is defendant’s burden to bear the expense of copying documents). Dur-rance could have, but did not, request to…
  • Smith v. State, 873 So. 2d 585 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004)
    …The act alone of compelling an attorney to disclose a group of documents invariably reveals the counsel’s “assessment of the relative importance of each of those documents, and of their sig-nificanee as a collection.” Id. See also State v. Williams, 678 So. 2d 1356, 1358 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996) (“the trial court order requiring that the State disclose to the respondents a list of the documents that it intends to use is contrary to the work-product doctrine because it would serve to highlight the thought processes a…
  • U'dreka Andrews v. State, 243 So. 3d 899 (Fla. 2018)
    …ng, along with the reasons why this witness may be [*902] of value to the defense, is "contrary to the work-product doctrine because it would serve to highlight the thought processes and legal analysis of the attorneys involved." State v. Williams , 678 So. 2d 1356, 1358 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996) ; see also State v. Rabin , 495 So. 2d 257, 262 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986) (explaining that opinion work product, which includes the attorney's theories concerning the case, "is absolutely, or nearly absolutely, privileged"). Even i…

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