RICHARD WASHBURN, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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PER CURIAM.
AFFIRMED.
GUNTHER, C.J., concurs.
STONE J., concurs specially with opinion.
PARIENTE, J., dissents with opinion.
STONE, Judge,
concurring specially.
I write separately to comment in response to the dissent that, in my view, Fenelon v. State, 594 So. 2d 292 (Fla.1992) is inapposite, and to note that the standard jury instruction in question was not an improper comment on. the evidence, nor did it improperly shift the burden of proof.
PARIENTE, Judge,
dissenting.
Defendant contends that the trial court erred in reading the standard jury instruction on possession of recently stolen property where the possession has been innocently explained. He contends the instruction was an impermissible comment on the evidence. I would certify the question to our supreme court. This jury instruction was last addressed in State v. Young, 217 So. 2d 567 (Fla.1968), cert, denied, 396 U.S. 853, 90 S.Ct. 112, 24 L.Ed.2d 101 (1969), where our supreme court determined that a similar version of the standard instruction did not violate a defendant’s right to remain silent and did not impermissibly shift the burden of proof. In approving the instruction our supreme court at that time noted that:
Flight, concealment, resistance to a lawful arrest, presence at the scene of the crime, incriminating fingerprints — the whole body of circumstantial evidence relevant in a given case — are all incriminating circumstances which the jury may consider as tending to show guilt if evidence thereof is allowed to go to the jury unexplained or unrebutted by evidence of exculpatory facts and circumstances.
Id. at 571 (emphasis supplied).
I have two concerns here. First of all, our supreme court did not deal with the situation when possession is explained and also did not address whether the instruction was an impermissible comment on the evidence. I agree with Judge Ervin’s dissent in Lynn v. State, 395 So. 2d 621, 624 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 402 So. 2d 611 (Fla.1981), wherein he discussed the problem of this instruction when possession is explained by the defense. Judge Ervin proposed a modified instruction in this circumstance.
Second of all, although our supreme court in Young analogized possession of recently stolen property to evidence of flight — both are incriminating evidence which the jury may consider in determining guilt — our supreme court in Fenelon v. State, 594 So. 2d 292 (Fla.1992), expressly disapproved of a jury instruction on flight as an impermissible comment on the evidence. In light of the reasoning of Fenelon, I would certify the question.
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Walker v. State, 896 So. 2d 712 (Fla. 2005)…stolen property. Judges of both the First District and the Fourth District have repeatedly certified this issue for our review while pointedly observing that they could see no meaningful difference between the two situations. See Washburn v. State, 683 So. 2d 533, 534 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996) (Pariente, J., dissenting) (“[0]ur supreme court in Fenelon v. State, 594 So. 2d 292 (Fla.1992), expressly disapproved of a jury instruction on flight as an impermissible comment on the evidence. In light of the reasoning of…1 / 2
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Walker v. State, 853 So. 2d 498 (Fla. 1st DCA 2003)…given because it did in fact [*500] constitute a judicial comment on the evidence. See In re Instructions in Criminal Cases, 652 So. 2d 814, 814-15 (Fla.1995). Further, as was pointed out by then-judge Pariente in her dissent in Washburn v. State, 683 So. 2d 533 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996), the Supreme Court specifically compared evidence of flight to evidence of unexplained possession of recently stolen items in State v. Young, and found that a guilty conscience could be inferred from either. 217 So. 2d at 571. Th…
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Ance Anderson v. State, 703 So. 2d 1105 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997)…claims of error concerning the issuance of this instruction, concluding that our supreme court is satisfied that the instruction passes constitutional muster. In so ruling, we acknowledge the reasoning set forth by the dissent in Washburn v. State, 683 So. 2d 533 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996). Specifically, in explaining her reason for dissenting, Judge Pariente first recognized that the instruction on the possession of recently stolen property had been favorably reviewed by our supreme court in State v. Young, 217 So…
Authorities Cited
- King Anthony Green v. State, 594 So. 2d 292 (Fla. 1992)
- State v. Young, 217 So. 2d 567 (Fla. 1968)
- Young v. Florida, 396 U.S. 853 (U.S. 1969)
- Caffey v. Missouri, 396 U.S. 853 (U.S. 1969)
- Lynn v. State, 395 So. 2d 621 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981)