STATE OF FLORIDA AND PALM BEACH COUNTY, APPELLANTS,
v.
DALLAS TIMOTHY BALL, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
The Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal reversed a trial court order awarding private counsel attorney's fees to an acquitted defendant, holding that trial courts lack authority to award such fees absent statutory authorization and that no constitutional violation occurs when non-indigent acquitted defendants bear their own legal costs while indigent defendants receive appointed counsel.
The trial court lacks authority to award private counsel attorney's fees to acquitted defendants absent statutory authorization. The disparate treatment between indigent and non-indigent defendants satisfies constitutional scrutiny under the rational basis test because the state has a legitimate obligation to provide counsel to indigent defendants while non-indigent defendants do not require state assistance as a matter of law.
[1] A trial court lacks the authority to order the state or county to pay private counsel attorney's fees to a defendant acquitted of criminal charges.
[2] The assessment of attorney's fees in Florida is allowable only when authorized by statute, contract, or rule.
Previewing 2 of 6 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The trial court lacks authority to enter such an order.”
Establishes the core holding that trial courts have no power to award attorney's fees to acquitted defendants without statutory authorization.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDallas Timothy Ball was acquitted of criminal charges brought by the State of Florida and Palm Beach County. The trial court ordered the state and cou…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Federal Civil Rights Act cases and more on FLexlaw
STONE, Judge.
We reverse an order directing the state and county to pay private counsel attorney’s fees to Appellee following his acquittal on criminal charges. The trial court lacks authority to enter such an order. Appellee claims, inter alia, that fairness requires that the state, or county, be held accountable for attorney’s fees incurred by an acquitted defendant that result from the state’s pursuit of unproved charges. Appellant reasons that the failure to reimburse non-indigent acquitted defendants for their private attorney’s fees is unconstitutional discrimination since acquitted indigent defendants have the benefit of appointed counsel. It is undisputed that there is no statute, rule, opinion, or agreement providing for such relief. See Citizens Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass’n of St. Lucie County v. Loeb, Rhoades, Hornblower & Co., 473 So. 2d 679 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984) (assessment of attorney’s fees in Florida is allowable only when authorized by statute, contract, or rule). The order is founded upon the court’s application of federal and state constitutional principles of due process and equal protection of law, and upon the court’s view of its inherent jurisdiction to correct an injustice.
Appellee recognizes that he has no right to reimbursement of fees by common or statutory law. Non-indigent acquitted defendants have always been responsible for their own attorney’s fees, even though by statute, acquitted defendants are reimbursed for taxable “costs.” Fla. Stat. § 939.06 (1993). See Goldberg v. Dade County, 378 So. 2d 1242 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979); Short v. State, 579 So. 2d 163 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991); Hillsborough County v. Martinez, 483 So. 2d 540 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986); Smith v. State, 606 So. 2d 427 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992). See also United States v. Kahan, 415 U.S. 239, 243, 94 S.Ct. 1179, 1181, 39 L.Ed.2d 297 (1974); Glenn v. United States, 303 F. 2d 536, 542 (5th Cir.1962); United States v. Allen, 596 F. 2d 227, 232 (7th Cir.1979).
We conclude that any disparate treatment in this instance has a rational basis and is therefore constitutionally valid as founded on a rational basis. The rational basis test is applicable here, as patently Ap-pellee’s claim of unequal treatment does not fall within a protected class requiring a higher level of scrutiny. Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). The state has a constitutionally rec ognized obligation to avoid disparate treatment by assuring indigent defendants the opportunity to have counsel; whereas, non-indigent defendants do not, at least as a matter of law, need the state’s assistance for such an opportunity. Therefore, a separate classification here is not arbitrary or unreasonable. It is not necessary for us to cite the myriad of instances in which government provides benefits and services to those with low incomes who are not able to provide for themselves.
We also cannot agree that allowing an innocent accused to bear the cost of exercising a right to counsel constitutes punishment. The Supreme Court has recognized that “the imposition of ... hardships without ultimate conviction is unavoidable in a legal system that requires proof of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.” See, e.g., Fuller v. Oregon, 417 U.S. 40, 49, 94 S.Ct. 2116, 2122, 40 L.Ed.2d 642 (1974). Neither do we find merit in Appellee’s “mutuality” argument, that an acquitted defendant should recover fees since the state is entitled to seek imposition of costs of prosecution upon a convicted defendant. Cf. Smith.
We recognize that a prosecution is a significant intrusion into an acquitted defendant’s private life. However, a defendant is not totally without recognized remedy for tor-tiously-imposed damages. For example, recourse is available in appropriate circumstances by independent actions for malicious prosecution or under the Federal Civil Rights Act, U.S.C.A. §§ 1983,1985.
We pass no judgment on the assertion that it may be in the public interest to allow recovery of attorney’s fees by acquitted defendants, as such evaluation is more appropriate for the legislature. Trianon Park Condominium Ass’n, Inc. v. City of Hialeah, 468 So. 2d 912 (Fla.1985).
We strike the order granting Appellee’s motion for fees and the order setting attorney’s fees and remand for entry of an amended order in accordance with this opinion.
DELL and SHAHOOD, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Authorities Cited (11 total)
- Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471 (U.S. 1970)
- Trianon Park Condo. Ass'n, Inc. v. City OF Hialeah, 468 So. 2d 912 (Fla. 1985)
- Fuller v. Oregon, 417 U.S. 40 (U.S. 1974)
- United States v. Kahan, 415 U.S. 239 (U.S. 1974)
- Dock Perry Glenn and William M. Belvin v. United States, 303 F.2d 536 (5th Cir. 1962)
- Smith v. State, 606 So. 2d 427 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992)
- United States v. Allen, 596 F.2d 227 (7th Cir. 1979)
- Citizens Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass'n OF ST. Lucie Cnty. v. Loeb Rhoades, 473 So. 2d 679 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984)
- Mrs. Stanley (Joyce) Goldberg v. Cnty. OF Dade, 378 So. 2d 1242 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
- Hillsborough Cnty. v. Martinez, 483 So. 2d 540 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986)