ROBERT E. SMITH AND BARBARA SMITH, HIS WIFE, APPELLANTS,
v.
DR. CRAIG HUGO, V.M.D AND THE CAT HOSPITAL OF HILLSBORO BOULEVARD, APPELLEES
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The Smiths appealed a jury verdict in favor of a veterinarian and animal hospital after their cat bit the owner during a vaccination procedure. The court affirmed the verdict, finding that the trial court's refusal to give a specialized jury instruction on the standard of care for veterinarians constituted at most harmless error.
The trial court's refusal to give the specialized veterinarian negligence instruction constituted at most harmless error because the general negligence instruction, which contemplates the reasonable person's education and experience as a veterinarian, was sufficient and necessary for the jury to resolve the negligence and comparative negligence issues.
[1] A requested jury instruction constitutes reversible error only if it accurately states the law, the facts support it, and it is necessary for the jury to resolve the issu…
[2] An appellate court will not set aside a verdict because a proper instruction was not given if the instructions used did not mislead the jury.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The failure to give a requested instruction constitutes reversible error when the complaining party establishes that the requested instruction accurately states the applicable law, the facts in the case support giving the instruction, and the instruction was necessary to allow the jury to properly resolve all issues in the case.”
Establishes the three-part test for reversible error based on jury instruction refusal
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceOn July 3, 1992, Robert Smith brought his cat to Dr. Craig Hugo for an examination and inoculation. During the vaccination procedure, the cat bit Mr. …
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DELL, Judge.
Robert and Barbara Smith appeal from a jury verdict in favor of Dr. Craig Hugo and The Cat Hospital of Hillsboro Boulevard, Inc. (“Cat Hospital”). Appellants have failed to demonstrate reversible error in the eight points raised on appeal. We will, however, discuss appellants’ challenge to the court’s instruction to the jury.
On July 3, 1992, Robert Smith brought his cat to Dr. Hugo for an examination and inoculation. During the vaccination proee- dure, the cat bit Mr. Smith. Appellants sued Dr. Hugo and Cat Hospital for negligence and loss of consortium.
The court charged the jury using Florida Standard Jury Instruction (Civil) 4.1 on ordinary negligence, but refused to give the modified version of Florida Standard Jury Instruction (Civil) 4.2c as requested by appellants. Appellants contend that the trial court erred by failing to instruct the jury on the standard of negligence for a veterinarian.
The failure to give a requested instruction constitutes reversible error when the complaining party establishes that the requested instruction accurately states the applicable law, the facts in the case support giving the instruction, and the instruction was necessary to allow the jury to properly resolve all issues in the case.
Auster v. Gertrude and Philip Strax Breast Cancer Detection Inst., Inc., 649 So. 2d 883, 887 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995). “However, an appellate court will not set aside a verdict merely because an instruction which might have been proper is not given; the court must conclude that the jury was misled by the instructions which were used.” Bohannon v. Thomas, 592 So. 2d 1246, 1248 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992).
The proposed instruction accurately stated the law, and the facts supported giving the instruction; however, the instruction was not necessary in order for the jury to resolve the issues in this case. The general negligence instruction addresses the standard of care as a reasonably careful person under like circumstances. A reasonable person under like circumstances as defined in the standard instruction would contemplate Dr. Hugo’s education and experience as a veterinarian. Further, both Dr. Hugo and the appellants’ expert testified as to the standard of care for a veterinarian, and appellants presented evidence that Dr. Hugo did not act as a reasonable veterinarian would have acted under similar circumstances.
Under the court’s instruction, the jury had a proper basis to resolve the issues of negligence and comparative negligence. The failure to give Florida Standard Jury Instruction (Civil) 4.2e was, at most, harmless error. AFFIRMED.
OWEN, WILLIAM C., Jr., Senior Judge, concurs specially with opinion.
GROSS, J., dissents with opinion.
OWEN, WILLIAM C., Jr., Senior Judge,
concurs specially.
I concur in the opinion by Judge Dell, and would add only one observation. Because the appellee’s alleged negligent conduct did not cause injury or harm to the “patient,” it was, I think, properly considered as ordinary negligence and not professional negligence.
GROSS, Judge,
dissenting.
I respectfully dissent. In this case, plaintiffs/appellants accused defendant/appellee veterinarian Dr. Craig Hugo of malpractice. Plaintiffs contended that the veterinarian negligently handled the vaccination procedure for their cat, resulting in the cat biting plaintiff, Robert Smith, on the finger. The veterinarian was a professional who should be judged according to the standards of his profession. Plaintiffs were entitled to the requested charge under Florida Standard Jury Instructions (Civil) 4.2c. Although Florida Standard Jury Instruction (Civil) 4.1 on ordinary negligence was given, it was not sufficient to state the law in this case, since there was an issue of the comparative negligence of Robert Smith. The instructions failed to clarify that Smith and the defendant were to be judged under different standards; the plaintiff by comparison to “a reasonably careful person ... under like circumstances,” and the defendant by comparison to “a reasonably careful veterinarian ... under like circumstances.” There was a reasonable possibility that the jury could have been misled by the failure to give the instruction. See, e.g., Tilley v. Broward Hosp. Dist., 458 So. 2d 817, 818 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984).
I also note that plaintiffs objection to the veterinarian assistant’s testimony concerning Dr. Hugo’s cat handling abilities was not properly preserved under section 90.104(l)(a), Florida Statutes (1995), which requires an objection “stating the specific ground of objection.” The stated bases for the objection were the lack of a foundation and that the question called for an expert opinion. These grounds did not preserve the objection that the question called for evidence of a character trait— that the doctor always handled animals “with extreme caution”— as gleaned from the witness’s four years of experience observing the doctor treating various cats. Evidence of a trait of a person’s character is inadmissible to prove that he acted “in conformity with it on a particular occasion.” § 90.404(1), Fla. Stat. (1995).
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Aubin v. Union Carbide Corp., 177 So. 3d 489 (Fla. 2015)…ement of the law, the facts in the case supported a giving of the instruction, and the instruction was necessary for the jury to properly resolve the issues in the case.” Barkett, 908 So. 2d at 1086; see also Force, 879 So. 2d at 106; Smith v. Hugo, 714 So. 2d 467, 468 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998). In determining whether an erroneous jury instruction amounts to reversible error, the • appellate court must assess whether the instruction reasonably might have misled the jury. See McPhee v. Paul Revere Life Ins. Co., 88…
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Barkett v. Gomez, 908 So. 2d 1084 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005)…nstruction contained an accurate statement of the law, the facts in the case supported a giving of the instruction, and the instruction was necessary for the jury to properly resolve the issues in the case. Gonzalez, 752 So. 2d at 40; Smith v. Hugo, 714 So. 2d 467, 468 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998). One of the theories of defense in this case was that the plaintiff was illegally in the roadway when he was struck by Barkett. The defendants therefore requested an instruction which tracked the language of section 316.130…
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Philip Morris USA Inc. v. Cohen, 102 So. 3d 11 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012)…tablishes that the requested jury instruction accurately states the applicable law, the facts in the case support giving the instruction, and the instruction was necessary to allow the jury to properly resolve all issues in the case. Smith v. Hugo, 714 So. 2d 467, 468 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998) (citation omitted). “[A] claim of fraudulent misrepresentation and/or concealment requires proof of detrimental reliance on a material misrepresentation.” Soler v. Secondary Holdings, Inc., 771 So. 2d 62, 69 (Fla. 3d DCA 20…
Previewing 3 of 5 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Tilley v. Broward Hosp. Dist., 458 So. 2d 817 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984)
- Bohannon v. Thomas, 592 So. 2d 1246 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)
- Auster v. Gertrude & Philip Strax Breast Cancer Detection Inst., Inc., 649 So. 2d 883 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995)
- Elias v. State, 649 So. 2d 883 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)