MICHAEL C. BECKER, APPELLANT,
v.
LISA CLARK, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1998-11-25
No. 97-02897
CAMPBELL, A.C.J., and FRANK and GREEN, JJ., Concur.
722 So. 2d 232 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1998) Positive Treatment
Cited by 3 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Michael Becker, a district administrator for the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (HRS), challenged the trial court's denial of his qualified immunity defense in a civil rights action brought by Lisa Clark. The appellate court reversed, holding that Becker was entitled to qualified immunity because Clark failed to allege facts showing a violation of clearly established law.


Holding

Becker is entitled to qualified immunity. Clark failed to allege facts demonstrating that Becker's conduct violated clearly established law, and her complaint merely alleged that Becker had exonerating information but failed to act without identifying any legal obligation requiring removal from the registry.


Headnotes

[1] An order denying a motion to dismiss based on qualified immunity is immediately appealable.

[2] Qualified immunity shields government actors from personal liability when their conduct does not violate clearly established rights.

Previewing 2 of 6 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Key Quotes

“Qualified immunity shields a government actor from personal liability when his conduct does not violate clearly established rights.”

Establishes the fundamental principle of qualified immunity doctrine

Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

Facts & Procedural History

Lisa Clark filed suit against HRS and Becker alleging her name was wrongfully retained on a registry of medical abuse/neglect incidents. Clark alleged…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence

© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.


Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Michael C. Becker challenges the trial court’s nonfinal order denying his motion to dismiss based on qualified immunity. We agree that the appellant is entitled to qualified immunity and accordingly reverse.

Lisa Clark filed a three count complaint against the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (HRS) and Becker, a district administrator of HRS, alleging that her name was wrongfully retained on a registry of medical abuse/neglect incidents. Count I was an action for damages brought against Becker pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 alleging a violation of Clark’s civil rights. Counts II and III were defamation counts against HRS and Becker, respectively.

HRS and Becker filed a motion to dismiss the complaint based on the defense of qualified immunity. The motion to dismiss wak denied by the trial court. Becker filed a notice of appeal challenging the motion to dismiss. Pursuant to Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure 9.130(a)(3)(C)(viii), we have jurisdiction to review the order denying the motion to dismiss as it pertains to Count I because the trial court rejected Becker’s defense of qualified immunity as a matter of law.

Qualified immunity shields a government actor from personal Lability when his conduct does not violate clearly established rights. See Anderson v. Creighton, 483 U.S. 635, 638, 107 S.Ct. 3034, 97 L.Ed.2d 523 (1987). A two-part test is used to determine whether qualified immunity applies. First, the defendant must show that he performed the acts as part of a discretionary government function. See Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 818, 102 S.Ct. 2727, 73 L.Ed.2d 396 (1982). The burden then shifts to the plaintiff to prove that the defendant’s conduct violated clearly established statutory or constitutional rights. Harlow, 457 U.S. at 818, 102 S.Ct. 2727.

Clark alleges that while Becker was working as a district administrator for HRS, he caused a permanent abuse/neglect report to remain against Clark. There is no question that removal of an individual’s name from an abuse/negleet list is part of a discretionary government function of a HRS district administrator. Therefore, the issue remains as to whether Clark has proven that Becker’s conduct violated clearly established law.

On a motion to dismiss based on a qualified immunity defense, a trial court must examine the complaint to determine whether the allegations themselves reveal the existence of the qualified immunity defense; that is, whether, under the most favorable version of facts alleged, the defendant’s action violated clearly established law. See Jones v. Kirkland, 696 So. 2d 1249, 1252 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997). Courts have cautioned that the issue of qualified immunity should be resolved at an early stage of the proceedings in the trial court and often before any discovery has taken place regarding the merits of the complaint. See Junior v. Reed, 693 So. 2d 586 (Fla. 1st DCA 1997).

Clark has not asserted in her complaint any action on the part of Becker that violated clearly established law. Her complaint consists solely of allegations that Becker had information that would have exonerated Clark with respect to the abuse/neglect charges but failed to remove Clark’s name from the registry list. Even if these facts are taken as true, Clark failed to allege any authority that required Becker to remove her name from the registry. Without more, Clark has failed to demonstrate any violation of clearly established law committed by Becker which would have violated Clark’s federally protected interests under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. It was therefore in error for the trial court to deny Becker’s qualified immunity defense as a matter of law.

Accordingly, we reverse and remand with directions for the trial court to dismiss count I of Clark’s complaint based on the qualified immunity defense asserted by Becker. Reversed and remanded.

CAMPBELL, A.C.J., and FRANK and GREEN, JJ., Concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Gundel v. Av Homes, Inc., 264 So. 3d 304 (Fla. 2d DCA 2019)
  • Paylan v. Dirks, 228 So. 3d 679 (Fla. 2d DCA 2017)
    …firmative defense that may justify granting a motion to dismiss only when the complaint itself conclusively establishes its applicability.” (quoting Sierra v. Associated Marine Insts., Inc., 850 So. 2d 582, 590 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003))); Becker v. Clark, 722 So. 2d 232, 233 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998) (“On a motion to dismiss based on a qualified immunity defense, a trial court must examine the complaint to determine whether the allegations themselves reveal the existence of the qualified immunity defense; that is, whether…
  • Lacheryl Harris v. G.K., 187 So. 3d 871 (Fla. 3d DCA 2016)
    …t. 2727, 73 L.Ed.2d 396 (1982). The burden then shifts to the plaintiff to prove that the defendant’s conduct violated clearly established statutory or constitutional rights. Harlow, 457 U.S. at 818, 102 S.Ct. 2727, 73 L.Ed.2d 396. Becker v. Clark, 722 So. 2d 232, 233 (Fla. 2d DCA1998). In . the case of G.K., dismissal based on qualified immunity was appropriate because G.K. had already been adopted by the Barahonas at the time information regarding alleged abuse was allegedly received by the defendants reg…

Authorities Cited

Full citator, related cases, and AI research tools

Open in FLexlaw