BOBBY T. GOLDEN, APPELLANT,
v.
BURNICE TIPTON, APPELLEE
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Golden, a defendant in an automobile collision personal injury case, appeals seeking a new trial after testimony implied he received a traffic citation. The court reverses and remands for a new trial, holding that the trial court abused its discretion by denying Golden's mistrial motion when such prejudicial testimony about traffic citations requires reversal.
The trial court abused its discretion by denying the mistrial motion. Testimony suggesting a driver has received a traffic citation is sufficiently prejudicial to require reversal and a new trial, particularly when causation and damages are disputed. The verdict form language, while somewhat confusing and redundant, did not misstate the law and any error was harmless.
[1] A mistrial should be granted when a witness implies that a party received a traffic citation as a result of a collision, even if negligence is not an issue.
[2] Evidence that a party received a traffic citation is inadmissible in subsequent proceedings when the party elected to pay the civil penalty by mail.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“questions or allusions which suggest that a driver has or has not been charged with a traffic violation" are considered sufficiently prejudicial to require a new trial.”
Establishes the legal standard that testimony about traffic citations is inherently prejudicial and warrants mistrial
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceGolden and Tipton were involved in an automobile collision. Tipton sued for personal injuries. During trial, in response to a question from his own at…
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WEBSTER, J.
These two consolidated appeals arise out of an action seeking damages for personal injuries allegedly sustained in an automobile collision. Appellant (Golden), who was the defendant in the trial court, claims entitlement to a new trial because of an improperly worded and prejudicial interrogatory verdict form and because of inadmissible and prejudicial answers "given by appellee (Tipton) during his direct examination. Tipton has cross-appealed, claiming that the trial court committed reversible error when it set off against the jury award personal injury protection benefits available to him in the future; and has also appealed the trial court’s denial of his request for an attorney fee.
We conclude that Golden is entitled to a new trial because the trial court denied a motion for a mistrial made after Tipton implied in response to a question from his lawyer that Golden had received a traffic citation as a result of the collision.
During the trial, in response tó a question posed by his lawyer, Tipton implied that Golden had received a traffic citation as a result of the collision. Golden immediately moved for a mistrial.
The trial court denied the motion, instead merely instructing the jury to disregard the testimony. When a person charged with a noncriminal traffic infraction elects to pay the civil penalty by mail, and does so in a timely manner, although the person is deemed to have admitted the infraction, that “admission shall not be used as evidence in any other proceedings.” § 318.14(4), Fla. Stat. (Supp.1994).
Generally, “questions or allusions which suggest that a driver has or has not been charged with a traffic violation” are considered sufficiently prejudicial to require a new trial. Moore v. Taylor Concrete & Supply Co., 553 So. 2d 787, 790 (Fla. 1st DCA 1989).
This is true even when, as in this case, negligence is not an issue. See Budget Rent A Car Sys., Inc. v. Jana, 600 So. 2d 466 (Fla. 4th DCA), review denied, 606 So. 2d 1165 (Fla.1992) (holding that the trial court should have granted the defendant’s motion for a mistrial when testimony in an automobile collision case suggested that a traffic citation had been issued to the defendant even though negligence was not an issue).
Because the severity of the impact which allegedly caused Tipton’s injuries was hotly disputed, we conclude that the trial court abused its discretion when it denied Golden’s motion for a mistrial.
Accordingly, we reverse and remand for a new trial on causation and damages. Golden also complains about the language of a question on the special verdict form regarding whether Tipton’s injuries satisfied the no-fault permanency threshold. See § 627.737, Fla. Stat. (1993).
We agree that the language added by the trial court over Golden’s objection was somewhat confusing because it was redundant. (Essentially, it repeated that an injury which “result[ed] in significant and permanent loss of an important bodily function” would be sufficient to satisfy the permanency requirement.) However, it did not misstate the law and, to the extent that it might have confused the jury, we are unable to perceive how it might have done so to Golden’s detriment.
Accordingly, any error that occurred as a result of the language of the question was harmless.
In summary, we hold that Golden is entitled to a new trial on causation and damages because the trial court denied his request for a mistrial made in response to Tipton’s testimony implying that Golden had received a traffic citation as a result of the collision. This holding moots the issues raised by Tip-ton.
REVERSED and REMANDED, with directions.
ALLEN and LAWRENCE, JJ., CONCUR.
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White v. Consol. Freightways Corp. OF Del., 766 So. 2d 1228 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000)…5th DCA 1983). In such vein, it is well settled that “ ‘questions or allusions which suggest that a driver has or has not been charged with a traffic violation’ are considered sufficiently prejudicial to require a new trial.” See Golden v. Tipton, 723 So. 2d 871 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998), quoting Moore v. Taylor Concrete & Supply Co., 553 So. 2d 787, 790 (Fla. 1st DCA 1989). See also Sacred Heart Hospital of Pensacola v. Stone, 650 So. 2d 676, 681 (Fla. 1st DCA), review denied, 659 So. 2d 1089 (Fla.1995); Hammond…
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Diaz v. Fedex Freight E., Inc., 114 So. 3d 224 (Fla. 5th DCA 2012)…e error. See, e.g., Vantran Indus., Inc. v. Ryder Truck Rental, Inc., 890 So. 2d 421, 425-26 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004) (finding that curative instruction did not cure the prejudice of an officer’s testimony that no tickets were written); Golden v. Tipton, 723 So. 2d 871, 871 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998) (holding that curative instruction did not cure prejudice of an officer’s testimony implying that one of the parties had received a traffic citation as a result of the collision); see also Wainer v. Banquero, 713 So. 2d 1104…
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Vantran Indus. v. Ryder Truck Rental, Inc., 890 So. 2d 421 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004)…4th DCA 1974). We similarly have explained that “[generally, ‘questions or allusions which suggest that a driver has or has not been charged with a traffic violation’ are considered sufficiently prejudicial to require a new trial.” Golden v. Tipton, 723 So. 2d 871, 871 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998) (quoting Moore v. Taylor Concrete & Supply Co., 553 So. 2d 787, 790 (Fla. 1st DCA 1989)). For instance, in Golden, we concluded that the appellant was entitled to a new trial because the trial court denied a motion for mist…
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- Moore v. Taylor Concrete & Supply Co., Inc., 553 So. 2d 787 (Fla. 1st DCA 1989)
- Budget Rent A CAR Sys., Inc. v. Jana, 600 So. 2d 466 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992)