A. GRAYSON WALKER, APPELLANT,
v.
SUSAN EDEL F/K/A SUSAN WALKER, APPELLEE

Fla. 5th DCA | 1999-02-26
No. 98-2128
DAUKSCH and W. SHARP, JJ., concur.
727 So. 2d 359 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (1999) Positive Treatment
Cited by 14 cases

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Holding

The court held that the trial court erred by denying the appellant the opportunity to present his defense at the contempt hearing and by failing to establish competent evidence of his present ability to pay the purge amount.


Headnotes

[1] A party has a due process right to be heard and to present evidence, including calling witnesses, in a contempt hearing concerning their ability to pay ordered support.

[2] A finding of present ability to pay a purge amount is required before a party can be incarcerated for civil contempt, even if the party willfully divested themselves of t…

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Facts & Procedural History

Following a dissolution judgment ordering child support and arrearage payment, the former husband was found in contempt. At the contempt hearing, the …

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Opinion of the Court
GOSHORN, J.

GOSHORN, J.

A. Grayson Walker appeals the contempt order entered against him for his failure to pay child support as ordered in the dissolution judgment and for his failure to pay the support arrearage of $13,017.08 within ten days of the dissolution order as also required therein. Walker argues he was denied due process at the contempt hearing because the trial court refused to allow him to present his case, call witnesses, or present closing argument. Walker also argues the contempt order must be reversed because the court erred in finding Walker had the present ability to pay the purge amount of $13,017.08. We reverse and remand for further proceedings.

After six years of marriage and the birth of one child, the parties filed for divorce. In the final judgment of dissolution, child support was set at $799.67 per month. The court found the child support arrearage at that time was $13,017.08 and ordered Walker to pay that amount within ten days, imputing income of $47,000 per year to Walker. Walker appealed.1 During the pendency of the appeal, the former wife filed a motion for contempt asserting Walker’s failure to pay the arrearage and the monthly support ordered in the final judgment. Walker’s motion for stay pending appeal was denied.

At the contempt hearing, the former wife questioned Walker as an adverse witness and then called Alicia Keyes, the records custodian for NationsBank, to testify. It appears, although it is not clear, that Ms. Keyes brought evidence of several accounts bearing Walker’s name. She did not know whether the accounts were open as of the time of the hearing. Walker’s attorney contends Walker’s name was on several of Walker’s parents’ accounts solely for inheritance purposes and that Walker’s name was not on any signature cards for those accounts. Walker was not allowed to put on evidence supporting this argument.

Before Ms. Keyes was done testifying, the trial court announced the hearing would have to end soon. Walker’s attorney asked for a continuation. The court reserved ruling, excused Ms. Keyes, and ordered counsel to summarize. The former wife made a closing argument. Walker’s attorney objected that he had not yet put on his case. He pointed out he had not had Walker testify regarding the accounts testified to by Ms. Keyes and alleged that he was severely prejudiced. The court rejected his argument and rendered an order finding Walker in contempt for failing to pay the monthly support and the arrearage.

The trial court’s refusal to hear Walker’s defense was clearly error which affected the issue before the court. The former wife put on evidence of Walker’s failure to pay the ordered amounts and evidence that at least suggested Walker had the ability to pay. Walker had the burden of demonstrating that he no longer had the ability to make the payments ordered in the dissolution judgment and had the due process right to put on whatever evidence he could to carry that burden. See Pettry v. Pettry, 706 So. 2d 107, 108 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998) (“Du e process requires that a party be given the opportunity to be heard and to testify and call witnesses on his behalf, and the denial of this right is fundamental error.”) (citations omitted).

Walker also contends there was no competent evidence to support the court’s finding that he had the present ability to pay the $13,017.08 purge amount, as is required under Bowen v. Bowen, 471 So. 2d 1274, 1279 (Fla.1985). See also Cummins v. Cummins, 615 So. 2d 173, 175 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993) (“Civil contempt requires the finding of willful failure to pay ordered support payments, and if incarceration is deemed appropriate, an affirmative finding that the contemnor possesses the present ability to comply with the purge order.”) (citation omitted). “Even a person who has willfully or negligently divested himself of the ability to pay money as ordered cannot be incarcerated for civil contempt because he then does not have the ability to purge himself.” Knowles v. Knowles, 522 So. 2d 477, 479 (Fla. 5th DCA) (footnote omitted), rev. denied, 531 So. 2d 1354 (Fla.1988).

Here, Walker testified that he had spent all of the money he received in the final dissolution judgment, and he owed creditors over $150,000. The former wife’s evidence apparently showed Walker’s name was on several bank accounts which would indicate he had the ability to pay. However, Ms. Keyes was unable to state whether the accounts were open as of the date of the hearing or whether Walker could access the accounts. Because Walker was not allowed to present evidence to rebut Ms. Keyes’ testimony, no determination of present ability to pay could reasonably be made. A party cannot be incarcerated for civil contempt if he lacks the present ability to pay the purge amount, even where the party intentionally divested himself of that ability. See Knowles; Bowen at 1277 (“[W]ithout the present ability to pay from available asset, the contemnor holds no key to the jailhouse door.”). Upon remand, should the court again find Walker in contempt, the court must find Walker has the present ability to pay the purge amount before it can order incarceration.

The contempt order is reversed and the cause remanded for a new contempt hearing at which both parties should be permitted to present their evidence.

REVERSED and REMANDED for further proceedings.

DAUKSCH and W. SHARP, JJ., concur. . In Walker v. Walker, 719 So. 2d 977 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998), this court reversed all aspects of the final judgment except for the dissolution of marriage and remanded for the court to make specific findings to support any imputation of income.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Julia v. Julia, 146 So. 3d 516 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014)
    …]e find that the trial court erred in failing to grant the appellant an opportunity to present his case-in-chief and, therefore, he was denied the protection afforded by the constitutional guarantee of due process of law.”); see also Walker v. Edel, 727 So. 2d 359, 360 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999) (finding a trial court’s refusal to hear a party’s defense was “clearly error which affected the issues before the court”). The record clearly evidences a pattern of depriving the Wife of her opportunity to be heard and pre…
  • Roll v. Roll, 812 So. 2d 529 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)
    …ecially in light of the fact that he alerted the court to the complex issues involved and the need to call certain witnesses to explain the reason for his inability to pay, was clearly error and a denial of Husband’s due process. See Walker v. Edel, 727 So. 2d 359 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999), where, in reversing the trial court the Fifth District held as follows: The trial court’s refusal to hear Walker’s defense was clearly error, which affected the issue before the court. The former wife put on evidence of Walker’…
  • Markin v. Markin, 813 So. 2d 1078 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)
    …PER CURIAM. We reverse an order finding appellant in contempt for failing to pay support. Appellant argues that the trial court erred in failing to give him an opportunity to defend against the motion for contempt by testifying, Walker v. Edel, 727 So. 2d 359 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999), and that there was no finding by the trial court that appellant willfully failed to comply with the prior court order, Bowen v. Bowen, 471 So. 2d 1274 (Fla.1985). We agree with both of those arguments and therefore reverse. KL…

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