STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
CHRISTOPHER D. BRAY, APPELLEE
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The State appeals a downward departure sentence imposed on Christopher Bray following his guilty plea to driver's license and insurance fraud charges. The appellate court reverses because the trial court failed to provide valid legal reasons for departing downward from the sentencing guidelines.
The downward departure sentence was improper and must be set aside. The trial court erred because: (1) the nonviolent nature of the crimes was already factored into the scoring and therefore cannot be a basis for departure, and (2) the defendant's custodial responsibility for a minor child is not a valid reason for departure as it would create unequal sentencing based on personal circumstances rather than legal criteria.
[1] A trial court may not impose a downward departure sentence without providing valid statutory reasons for the departure.
[2] The fact that a crime is nonviolent is not a valid reason for a downward departure sentence when such factor has already been accounted for in scoring the crime.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Suspending the incarcerative portion of a sentence, as the court did in the present case, is appropriate if a valid reason for a downward departure exists.”
Establishes that downward departures require valid legal reasons under sentencing guidelines.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceBray was arrested for driving without a valid license and found in possession of a fictitious driver's license. He was charged with three counts: unau…
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SALCINES, Judge.
The State appeals the downward departure sentence Christopher D. Bray received following his adjudication of guilt rendered pursuant to a plea. Because the trial court erred in imposing a downward departure sentence without providing valid reasons for departure, we reverse.
On August 15, 1997, Bray was stopped, while driving, by an officer who knew that he did not possess a driver’s license. A search revealed a fictitious driver’s license. The State charged Bray with one count of unauthorized possession of a driver’s license; a second count for driving while license suspended or revoked; and, a third count for false and fraudulent motor vehicle insurance application. Bray initially pleaded not guilty.
Bray ultimately changed his plea to guilty on all charges based upon an agreement with the trial court that he would receive concurrent sentences of thirty-five months’ incarceration on counts one and two, and such terms of incarceration were to be suspended. The agreement also provided that Bray would receive two concurrent sentences of two years’ community control with no credit for time served on the suspended sentences, followed by three years’ probation with standard drug probation conditions. On count three, Bray was to be sentenced to time served.
The sentencing guidelines scoresheet reflected a minimum prison sentence of thirty-five months’ incarceration. At the sentencing hearing, the State objected to any mitigation in sentence on the grounds that there were no legal reasons upon which to depart from the guidelines. The court, nonetheless, sentenced Bray in accordance with the agreement.
Suspending the incarcerative portion of a sentence, as the court did in the present case, is appropriate if a valid reason for a downward departure exists. See State v. Powell, 703 So. 2d 444 (Fla. 1997). The judge stated, in open court, that he imposed a departure sentence because Bray’s crimes were not violent and Bray had to support and provide shelter for his minor daughter over whom he had custody. Neither of these reasons are contained in the statutorily enumerated list of approved grounds to mitigate sentences. See § 921.0016(4), Fla. Stat. (Supp.1996). Athough all bases for departure need not be taken from the enumerated list, we hold that the stated reasons for departure were invalid under the facts of the present case.
The fact that the crimes were nonviolent was not a valid reason because it was already taken into account in scoring the crimes. See State v. McGriff, 698.So. 2d 331 (Fla. 2d DCA 1997). Likewise, the fact that Bray had custody of and needed to support his daughter was not a valid basis for a downward departure. While we are not unsympathetic to the trial judge’s concern that incarcerating Bray may place the burden of caring for the child on the taxpayers of this state, such a consideration cannot be employed in determining whether one defendant will be incarcerated while another will be given a nonincarcerative sentence. The downward departure sentence must be set aside.
It appears that Bray entered into the plea agreement based upon an understanding with the judge that the sentence he received would be the same as that set forth in the change of plea form. On remand, Bray should be offered an opportunity to withdraw his guilty plea. See State v. Scott, 611 So. 2d 596 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993).
Reversed and remanded for further proceedings.
PATTERSON, A.C.J., and DANAHY, PAUL W., (Senior) Judge, Concur.
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State v. Stephenson, 973 So. 2d 1259 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008)…n for downward departure. See State v. Chapman, 805 So. 2d 906, 907-OS (Fla. 2d DCA 2001) (holding that fact that defendant’s need to support his child outweighs his need for prison has been rejected as reason for downward departure); State v. Bray, 738 So. 2d 962, 963 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999) (concluding that defendant’s custody of and need to support his daughter was not valid basis for downward departure). Finally, the trial court noted that Mr. Stephenson had “kept his nose clean” for fourteen months since his…
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State v. Walker, 923 So. 2d 1262 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006)…ons for downward departure. See Rafferty v. State, 799 So. 2d 243, 248 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001) (concluding “it would not be good public policy for the legislature to punish those with families to support less than those without families”); State v. Bray, 738 So. 2d 962, 963 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999) (stating “[w]hile we are not unsympathetic to the trial judge’s concern that incarcerating Bray may place the burden of caring for the child on the taxpayers of this state, such a consideration cannot be employed in determini…
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State v. Clay, 780 So. 2d 269 (Fla. 5th DCA 2001)…30 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000) (holding that a sentence of thirty-five months in prison suspended upon completion of five years of probation is a downward departure sentence from the guidelines requiring sufficient reasons for the departure); State v. Bray, 738 So. 2d 962 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999). The reason for departure argued at the sentencing hearing was that Appellee was amenable to and needed treatment for his drug addiction. However, the Legislature eliminated this reason for departure for crimes occurring after Ju…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- State v. Powell, 703 So. 2d 444 (Fla. 1997)
- State v. Elory T. Scott, 611 So. 2d 596 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993)