IN THE INTEREST OF B.A., C.A., AND J.B.A., MINOR CHILDREN. T.A., APPELLANT,
v.
STATE, DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES AND GUARDIAN AD LITEM PROGRAM, APPELLEES
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A mother appealed the termination of her parental rights, challenging both the trial court's entry of a default judgment based on her failure to appear at the adjudicatory hearing and the sufficiency of evidence presented. The appellate court reversed, holding that default judgments are not authorized in parental termination proceedings and that the evidence presented was insufficient to support the termination.
A trial court is not authorized to enter a default judgment against a parent in a parental termination proceeding. Additionally, the Department failed to present sufficient competent evidence to support the finding of abandonment or other allegations in the petition.
[1] A trial court is not authorized to enter a default judgment against a parent who fails to appear at an adjudicatory hearing on a petition to terminate parental rights.
[2] In a termination of parental rights case, the State, through the Department of Children and Families, must present clear and convincing evidence to support the terminatio…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“A trial court is not authorized to enter a default judgment against a parent who fails to appear at an adjudicatory hearing on a petition to terminate parental rights.”
Establishes the core holding that default judgments are impermissible in parental termination cases.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceThe mother failed to appear at the adjudicatory hearing on a petition to terminate her parental rights to three children. The trial court entered a de…
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PER CURIAM.
The mother of three children appeals a judgment that terminated her parental rights. She argues that the judgment must be reversed because the order of termination was based on her failure to appear at the adjudicatory hearing. She also asserts that, to the extent that the trial court based the order of termination on the evidence presented, the order must be reversed because the evidence was insufficient to support the trial court’s findings. We agree with both of these contentions and reverse. Our resolution of these two issues makes it unnecessary for us to discuss the other two points raised on appeal.
When the mother failed to appear for the adjudicatory hearing, the trial court made an oral finding that the mother had consented to the petition. Although the trial court stated that it was entering a default, the court asked the Department if it wished to “put on a summary case.” Because the Department had no witnesses present, a supervisor was called to present testimony by telephone based solely on the contents of the Department’s records. The trial court’s written order of termination was based primarily on a finding that the mother had abandoned the children, although the court noted that it found the mother’s failure to appear “compelling.”
A trial court is not authorized to enter a default judgment against a parent who fails to appear at an adjudicatory hearing on a petition to terminate parental rights. See In the Interest of A.L., 711 So. 2d 600 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998). We are not persuaded by the Department’s assertion that the trial court’s default should stand because it was based on the mother’s failure to appear at a prior advisory hearing, rather than at the adjudicatory hearing. The mother’s court-appointed counsel was present at the advisory hearing and suggested that the mother may not have had the capacity to understand her obligation to appear in court. The trial court declined to enter a default and granted counsel’s request for a competency evaluation. We conclude that because the case then proceeded past the advisory hearing stage and on to the adjudicatory stage, the trial court was not authorized to enter a default.
Because the facts of this case do not support a termination based on the mother’s failure to appear, we must consider whether the Department satisfied its burden of proving the allegations in the petition. In a termination case, the parent has no burden of proof, and the State, through the Department of Children and Families, must present clear and convincing evidence to support the termination. See In the Interest of S.S., 723 So. 2d 344, 347 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998).
The only witnesses who presented testimony in the termination proceedings were the guardian ad litem and Ms. Kan-zlemar, the Department’s representative who had little independent knowledge of the case but who relayed information from the Department’s file. When the mother’s counsel twice objected to Ms. Kanzlemar’s testimony on hearsay grounds, the trial court overruled the objections but responded that it would not consider the testimony for the truth of the matter asserted. During the cross-examination of Ms. Kanzlemar, it was shown that the Department had not effectively communicated with the mother, that the mother had written letters to the Department that had not been answered, and that the Department had not facilitated visitation for the mother. We conclude that, on the record before us, there was insufficient competent evidence to support the trial court’s finding that the mother had abandoned the children or to support the court’s additional findings that tracked the allegations of the petition.
Accordingly, we reverse and remand for further proceedings. If the statutory requirements for termination are met after remand, the Department may proceed accordingly.
FULMER; A.C.J., and NORTHCUTT and CASANUEVA, JJ„ Concur.
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In the Interest of C.R. v. Dep't of Child. & Fam. Servs., 806 So. 2d 646 (Fla. 2d DCA 2002)…lure to appear at a “docket sounding” or scheduling conference. This court has previously reversed orders terminating parental rights which were entered based on defaults that were not specifically authorized by statute. See In the Interest of B.A., 745 So. 2d 962 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999); In the Interest of A.L., 711 So. 2d 600 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998). Accordingly, we reverse the order terminating parental rights and remand for further proceedings. Reversed and remanded. DAVIS and KELLY, JJ., Concur. . What the…
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V.D.C. v. Dep't of Child. & Fam. Servs., 899 So. 2d 1193 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005)…retrial hearing,] a “docket sounding” or scheduling conference. This court has previously reversed orders terminating parental rights which were entered based on defaults that were not specifically authorized by statute. See In the Interest of B.A., 745 So. 2d 962 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999); In the Interest of A.L., 711 So. 2d 600 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998). In re C.R., 806 So. 2d 646, 646 (Fla. 2d DCA 2002). “The profound nature of an order terminating parental rights mandates strict adherence to statutory requirements.” C…
Authorities Cited
- In the Interest of A.L. v. State, 711 So. 2d 600 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998)
- In the Interest of S.S. & C.S. v. State, 723 So. 2d 344 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998)