BETACO, INC., APPELLANT,
v.
COUNTRYWIDE HOME LOANS, INC., APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 2000-02-16
No. 2D99-212
FULMER and WHATLEY, JJ., Concur.
752 So. 2d 696 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (2000) Positive Treatment
Cited by 1 case

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Synopsis

Betaco appeals a judgment on the pleadings denying its foreclosure claim based on a judgment lien that had expired. The court held that a judgment lien expires after twenty years from entry regardless of when the execution sale occurs, and thus Betaco's title acquired through the sheriffs deed was void.


Holding

The court held that an execution lien expires when the judgment expires, regardless of whether levy occurred within the twenty-year statutory period. Because the judgment lien expired on March 10, 1997, and the execution sale did not occur until April 17, 1997, the lien was no longer valid and the sheriffs deed transferred no valid title to Betaco's predecessor-in-interest.


Headnotes

[1] A judgment lien expires by operation of law after the statutory period, typically twenty years, from the date of its entry.

[2] An execution sale is valid only if the underlying judgment lien is still in effect at the time of the sale.

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Key Quotes

“An execution is valid and effective only during the life of the judgment on which it is issued.”

Establishes the core legal principle that execution validity is tied to judgment validity

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Facts & Procedural History

Betaco's predecessor-in-interest recorded a judgment against the property owner on March 10, 1977, with a writ of execution issued in May 1979. In 199…

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Topics

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Opinion of the Court
BLUE, Acting Chief Judge.

BLUE, Acting Chief Judge.

In this foreclosure action, Betaco, Inc., appeals a judgment on the pleadings in favor of Countrywide Home Loans. We agree with the trial court and hold that the lien of judgment expired before the execution sale occurred. Accordingly, we affirm.

On March 10, 1977, Betaco’s predecessor-in-interest recorded a judgment against the property owner. A writ of execution was issued in May 1979. In 1993, the property owner mortgaged the property; Countrywide held the mortgage at the time it went into default. On January 27, 1997, Betaco delivered instructions to the sheriff. The sheriff levied on the property on February 18, which was recorded several days later. A sheriffs sale was held and on April 17, 1997, Betaco’s predecessor-in-interest took title by sheriffs deed. Betaco subsequently took title to the property by warranty deed.

An execution is valid and effective only during the life of the judgment on which it is issued. See § 56.021, Fla. Stat. (1997). Section 55.091, Florida Statutes (1977), provides that “no judgment ... shall be a lien upon real ... property within the state after the expiration of 20 years from the date of the entry of such judgment....” Betaco argues that as long as the sheriff levies on the property within twenty years, an execution sale occurring beyond the twenty-year period is timely and effective. Countrywide, on the other hand, argues that the twenty-year period is absolute and the execution levy and sale must be fully completed within that time in order to be effective. The trial court held that the deed to Betaco’s predecessor-in-interest was a legal nullity because the lien expired before the sheriff held the sale. We agree and affirm.

The trial court’s holding is supported by analogy to other Florida cases.1 For example, in Young v. McKenzie, 46 So. 2d 184 (Fla.1950), the court held that an execution expires when the life of the judgment expires. And in Calhoun v. Pearson, 49 So. 2d 603 (Fla.1951), the court held that the life of a judgment was not prolonged by the sheriffs action in fifing a petition with the court to determine whether he should levy upon certain property. The lienholder in Calhoun demanded that the sheriff levy on the property; at the time of the lienholder’s demand, the judgment lien was valid. But at the time of the court’s ruling on the sheriffs petition, more than twenty years had passed from the date of judgment and the lien was no longer valid. The court held that the statutory fife of the judgment was not tolled by the sheriffs petition and, consequently, the judgment was barred. The distinguishing fact between this case and Calhoun is that here the sheriff did levy on the property. We conclude, however, that this fact is not controlling. Because the fife of the judgment had expired on March 10, 1997, and the execution was not completed by that date, the lien was no longer valid at the time the execution sale took place.

Accordingly, we affirm.

FULMER and WHATLEY, JJ., Concur. . It also represents the view of a majority of other jurisdictions, to wit: the issuance or levy of an execution does not extend the statutory life of a judgment lien. See H.C. Lind, "Issuance or Levy of Execution as Extending Period of Judgment Lien,” 77 A.L.R.2d 1064 (1961).


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