JOHN MICHAEL HARRIS, APPELLANT,
v.
FALINA CLAIRE HARRIS, APPELLEE. V.
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A former husband challenges a trial court order voiding his visitation rights to a child he raised, which were granted in a settlement agreement to a dissolution of marriage. The appellate court vacates the summary judgment, holding that Florida law deems the child to be the legitimate child of the husband and wife when they marry after the child's birth, and that the trial court failed to properly consider the child's best interests as required by precedent.
The summary judgment is vacated and remanded. Under Florida Statutes section 742.091, when an unmarried mother and the reputed father intermarry, the child is deemed to be the legitimate child of the husband and wife in all respects. The trial court erred by failing to appoint a guardian ad litem to represent the child's interests before terminating the father's rights, as required by Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services v. Privette. Material factual issues remain unresolved regarding duress, paternity, and the child's best interests.
[1] A child born out of wedlock is deemed the child of the mother and the man she subsequently marries if he is the reputed father and was present at the birth and signed the…
[2] In paternity cases, a guardian ad litem must be appointed to represent the child's best interests before any determination is made that terminates the rights of a reputed…
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“If the mother of any child born out of wedlock and the reputed father shall at any time after its birth intermarry, this child shall in all respects be deemed and held to be the child of the husband and wife.”
Establishes the statutory basis for legitimizing the child upon the parents' marriage, which the trial court failed to consider.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceJohn Michael Harris and Falina Harris were dating when a child was born nine months before their marriage. John signed the birth certificate as the fa…
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PETERSON, J.
The former husband, John Michael Harris, challenges an order of the trial court declaring as unenforceable visitation rights granted to him in a final judgment of dissolution. The visitation rights were incorporated into the final judgment pursuant to a settlement agreement. In the settlement agreement, John and the former wife, Falina Harris, agreed that John was not the biological father of Falina’s child, but that because John and the child had bonded, it would be in the child’s best interests to provide for a continued relationship and visitation.
The child was born nine months before the parties were married. However, John and Falina were dating at the time of the child’s birth, and John was at the hospital when the child was born. Further, John signed the birth certificate representing that he was the biological father. In her request to have the visitation declared void, Falina alleged that she entered into the agreement as a result of mistake, excusable neglect, duress and coercion and that the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over the child because John was not the child’s father. She also alleged that her counsel never advised her that John had no rights to her child and that John threatened to harm her and flee with the child if she did not sign the agreement.
The trial court granted the relief requested in the form of a summary judgment in Falina’s favor upon the affidavit of Falina asserting the above allegations as fact. John opposed the motion for summary judgment with an affidavit stating that he was the biological father. John also alleged in a motion to set aside the marital settlement agreement that he signed that agreement under duress.
We vacate the summary judgment for the following reasons:
First, it does not appear from the record that section 742.091, Florida Statutes (1997), was considered by the parties or the trial court. This section provides:
If the mother of any child born out of wedlock and the reputed father shall at any time after its birth intermarry, this child shall in all respects be deemed and held to be the child of the husband and wife.
John appears to be the reputed father in this case. He signed the birth certificate and he was recognized in the parties’ settlement agreement as the male parent. Because John married the mother, Falina, nine months after the birth of the child, the child is deemed to be the child of John and Falina.
Second, the best interests of the child were not considered under the doctrine set forth in Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services v. Privette, 617 So. 2d 305 (Fla.1993). Under Privette, a legitimate child has a right to maintain that status both factually and legally if doing so is in the child’s best interests. Id. at 307. Thus, in paternity cases, before any blood test can be ordered, a guardian ad litem must be appointed to represent the child. Id. at 308. The trial court in the instant case considered but failed to actually obtain a guardian ad litem for the child prior to terminating all rights of the reputed father. We conclude under the principles of Privette that this was error. Third, there remain material unresolved issues of fact in this case, including whether John signed the settlement agreement under duress, whether John is the father, biological or otherwise, and finally, the encompassing issue of the child’s best interests.
We vacate the final summary judgment and remand to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
JUDGMENT VACATED; REMANDED.
ANTOON, C.J., and W. SHARP, concur.
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Citator
Cited By
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Fernandez v. McKENNEY, 776 So. 2d 1118 (Fla. 5th DCA 2001)…status of the legal father from Javier to Michael should be taken,5 should be determined by the court after a full evidentiary hearing. And, I agree that a guardian ad litem should be appointed to assist in that determination. See Harris v. Harris, 753 So. 2d 774 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000). The petitioner, Michael McKenny must establish this best interest finding by clear and convincing evidence. Privette. Unfortunately, Privette did not address how or what factors to consider in making this determination. See Kim…
Authorities Cited
- Dep't OF Health & Rehabilitative Servs. v. Privette, 617 So. 2d 305 (Fla. 1993)