EARL MCKENZIE, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Earl McKenzie appeals four convictions, challenging the trial court's rejection of his claim that the State exercised a peremptory challenge against the sole African-American juror based on race. The appellate court reverses and remands for a new trial, finding that an incomplete videotape transcript with numerous inaudible portions renders adequate appellate review impossible.
The court reverses McKenzie's convictions and remands for a new trial. Because a full and accurate transcript is unavailable and the omitted portions are necessary to complete review of the cause, the court has no alternative but to order a new trial.
[1] A new trial is warranted when an incomplete or inadequate trial transcript prevents effective appellate review of the proceedings, particularly concerning jury selection.
[2] When a defendant alleges a racially motivated peremptory challenge, the appellate court must be able to review the record to determine if the trial court properly applied…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the incomplete, unreconstructed, and unavailable record has impeded this court from the exercise of this important duty”
Establishes that the deficient record prevented the court from properly reviewing the peremptory challenge claim
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMcKenzie was tried by jury May 6-7, 1997 in DeSoto County, Florida on four counts. The trial was videotaped, but during transcription many portions we…
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CASANUEVA, Judge.
Earl McKenzie appeals four convictions resulting from his videotaped jury trial of May 6-7, 1997, in DeSoto County, Florida. Mr. McKenzie contends that the trial court erred in failing to sustain his objection to an allegedly racially biased peremptory challenge by the State. Furthermore, he argues that is entitled to a new trial because the transcript of his trial, even after a scientific enhancement of the videotape, is inadequate for effective appellate review of his case. We agree.
During the transcription process, numerous portions of the videotape were found inaudible, so the trial judge and counsel met in an effort to reconstruct the record from memory. When this failed, the parties turned to scientific enhancement of the videotape, and the transcript of the enhanced tape became part of the record on appeal. The result, however, was far from satisfactory: the record is riddled with gaps and “inaudible” notations.
The State agrees with the defendant that the videotape recording procedure used in this trial should not be encouraged and concedes that numerous words were inaudible and that nearly all bench conferences suffered from the same malady. We note that at least eight bench conferences were unrecorded. Included among these were the jury selection conference and others relating to the admissibility of evidence.
The jury selection matter illustrates the impossibility of an adequate appellate review. During voir dire, the State inquired whether any of the prospective jurors or members of their families had experienced drug addiction problems, and it appears from the transcript that several answered affirmatively. Unfortunately, they are not identified by name or juror number. This is critical because Mr. McKenzie alleged that the State improperly exercised a peremptory challenge on the sole African-American member of the jury panel. The gist of Mr. McKenzie’s argument was that the reason advanced by the State to sustain its challenge, although appearing race neutral, was pretextual. See Melbourne v. State, 679 So. 2d 759 (Fla.1996).
The Assistant State Attorney expressed concern that the juror seemed disturbed by the fact that her brother had a drug problem or had been charged with a crime. As to the former rationale, other white jurors had made the same claim and had not been excused; as to the latter, it is not clear from the record that it was this particular juror who stated that her brother had been arrested.
The trial court overruled the objection.
The Melbourne decision charged the courts with the duty to insure that race-based peremptory challenges do not render the jury selection process fundamentally unfair. The penalty for such an improper peremptory challenge is a new trial. In this case, however, the incomplete, unreconstructed, and unavailable record has impeded this court from the exercise of this important duty. Compare Rozier v. State, 669 So. 2d 358 (Fla. 3d DCA 1996) (holding that trial minutes were not sufficient substitute for transcript of voir dire and could not afford meaningful review when both sides exercised peremptory challenges), with Velez v. State, 645 So. 2d 42 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994) (holding that missing portions of transcript of voir dire did not entitle the defendant to a new trial for murder, because the alleged errors in jury selection were harmless as a matter of law).
As did the Florida Supreme Court in Delap v. State, 350 So. 2d 462, 463 (Fla.1977), we conclude that because a full and accurate transcript of the trial proceedings is unavailable for review and because the omitted portions of the transcript are “necessary to a complete review of this cause,” we have “no alternative but to remand for a new trial of the cause.”
Accordingly, Mr. McKenzie’s convictions are reversed and this case is remanded for a new trial.
GREEN, A.C.J., and SALCINES, J., Concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
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Jones v. State, 780 So. 2d 218 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001)…he issues raised on appeal, the appellate court has no alternative hut to remand the case for a new trial. Lipman v. State, 428 So. 2d 733, 737 (Fla. 1st DCA 1983) (citing Delap v. State, 350 So. 2d 462, 463 (Fla.1977)). See also McKenzie v. State, 754 So. 2d 851 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000) (remanding for new trial based on inadequate transcript). The State argues that no issue has been raised on appeal regarding, for example, the State’s closing argument. But the absence of a complete transcript has precluded appell…
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Bowden v. State, 787 So. 2d 185 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001)…d to object to the prosecutor’s explanation, the issue was not properly preserved for review. 762 So. 2d at 1026, quoting Floyd v. State, 569 So. 2d 1225 (Fla.1990). The defendant bears the burden of proving pretext. The case of McKenzie v. State, 754 So. 2d 851 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000), is similar because there was not a reviewable record of the jury selection bench conferences. However, in McKenzie, there was a videotape recording procedure used in the trial that failed so as to render the transcript of the tri…
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Thomas v. State, 828 So. 2d 456 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)…t all omissions from a transcript require a new trial, see Velez v. State, 645 So. 2d 42, 44 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994), the missing portion of the transcript in this case is necessary for a complete review. See Smith, 801 So. 2d at 199; McKenzie v. State, 754 So. 2d 851 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000). Accordingly, we reverse appellant’s conviction and sentence and remand for a new trial. FARMER, SHAHOOD and HAZOURI, JJ., concur.…
Previewing 3 of 8 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Jeanie H. Melbourne v. State, 679 So. 2d 759 (Fla. 1996)
- Delap v. State, 350 So. 2d 462 (Fla. 1977)
- Velez v. State, 645 So. 2d 42 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994)