DANIEL C. ATKINSON, PETITIONER,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT
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Daniel Atkinson challenged a civil commitment petition under Florida's Jimmy Ryce Act (sexually violent predators commitment statute) on jurisdictional grounds. The court held that the Act applies only to persons in lawful custody on its effective date (January 1, 1999), and since Atkinson's sentence would have expired before that date, the trial court lacked jurisdiction to hear the commitment petition.
The court held that the Act's requirement that it applies to 'all persons currently in custody' must be interpreted to mean persons in lawful custody on the Act's effective date. Because Atkinson's sentence would have expired before the Act became effective, he was not in lawful custody on January 1, 1999, and therefore the Act does not apply to him, depriving the trial court of jurisdiction.
[1] The Jimmy Ryce Involuntary Civil Commitment for Sexually Violent Predators’ Treatment and Care Act applies only to persons in lawful custody on its effective date.
[2] A statute's application to persons in custody is limited to those in lawful custody to avoid unreasonable, harsh, or absurd consequences.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Courts are constrained as a basic tenet of statutory interpretation to avoid a construction of a statute that would result in unreasonable, harsh, or absurd consequences.”
Establishes the interpretive principle guiding the court's decision that 'custody' must mean lawful custody.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAtkinson was originally sentenced on September 25, 1996, to five years in prison for a sexually violent offense. In 2000, he sought resentencing pursu…
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WHATLEY, Acting Chief Judge.
Daniel C. Atkinson petitions this court for a writ of prohibition preventing the trial court from hearing the civil commitment petition that is pending against him pursuant to the Jimmy Ryce Involuntary Civil Commitment for Sexually Violent Predators’ Treatment and Care Act (hereinafter “the Act”). See §§ 916.31— 916.49, Fla. Stat. (Supp.1998).1 Atkinson argues that the Act does not apply to him because he was not in lawful custody on its effective date, and therefore, the trial court is without jurisdiction to entertain the commitment petition. We agree, grant the petition for writ of prohibition, and direct the trial court to discharge Atkinson. However, because we acknowledge that this is an issue of great public importance, we also certify a question to the Florida Supreme Court.
Atkinson was sentenced on September 25, 1996, to five years in prison for an offense that qualifies him for commitment under the Act. In early 2000, Atkinson sought resentencing pursuant to Heggs v. State, 759 So. 2d 620 (Fla.2000), and as a result was resentenced to twenty-one months’ prison on May 25, 2000. Under the new sentence, his prison term would have expired (even without an award of any gain time) on or around June 25, 1998 — some six months before the effective date of the Act. Atkinson argues that therefore he was not in lawful custody on January 1, 1999, the effective date of the Act, and the Act does not apply to him.
Atkinson relies entirely on section 916.45, Florida Statutes (Supp.1998),2 which provides in pertinent part that, “[s]ections 916.31 — 916.49 apply to all persons currently in custody who have been convicted of a sexually violent offense.... ” Atkinson argues that this custody requirement must be read to require lawful custody. We agree. Courts are constrained as a basic tenet of statutory interpretation to avoid a construction of a statute that would result in unreasonable, harsh, or absurd consequences. See Thompson v. State, 695 So. 2d 691 (Fla.1997). To read the Act as the State suggests to require only actual custody, regardless of its lawfulness, would produce such a result and would be contrary to public policy. We therefore hold that insofar as the Act applies to “all persons currently in custody,” it is limited to persons who were in lawful custody on its effective date.3
Atkinson also argues for the first time in his reply brief that the State illegally detained him for fourteen days beyond the expiration of his sentence in order to file a commitment petition against him. While we condemn such action and have found it to be grounds for release, see Tanguay v. State, 782 So. 2d 419 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001), we decline to address this argument in this case because it was not properly raised and because it is mooted by our resolution of Atkinson’s other claim.
Lastly, because we believe this petition to raise an issue of great public importance, we certify the following question to the Florida Supreme Court:
DOES THE JIMMY RYCE ACT APPLY TO PERSONS CONVICTED OF SEXUALLY VIOLENT OFFENSES BEFORE THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT WHO WERE NOT IN LAWFUL CUSTODY ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT?
Petition for writ of prohibition granted.
STRINGER and DAVIS, JJ, Concur. . The Act has since been amended and renumbered and now appears at sections 394.910 — 394.931, Florida Statutes (2000).
. The Act now provides in pertinent part that it "applies to all persons currently in custody who have been convicted of a sexually violent offense, as that term is defined in s. 394.912(9)....” Because we do not discern any difference between the two versions of the statute as they apply to this case, we do not address which version should be applied.
. We do not address the remainder of this section which provides that the Act also applies to "all persons convicted of a sexually violent offense and sentenced to total confinement in the future” as that clearly does not apply to Atkinson.
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State v. Atkinson, 831 So. 2d 172 (Fla. 2002)…rt certified to be of great public importance: DOES THE JIMMY RYCE ACT APPLY TO PERSONS CONVICTED OF SEXUALLY VIOLENT OFFENSES BEFORE THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT WHO WERE NOT IN LAWFUL CUSTODY ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT? Atkinson v. State, 791 So. 2d 537, 539 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001). We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 3(b)(4), Fla. Const. We answer the certified question in the negative. Atkinson was sentenced on September 25, 1996, to five years in prison for an offense that qualified him for commitme…
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Gordon v. Regier, 839 So. 2d 715 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003)…irst order and its second order denying Mr. Gordon's motion to dismiss the petition for involuntary civil commitment. . The effective date of the Involuntary Civil Commitment of Sexually Violent Predators Act was January 1, 1999. Atkinson v. State, 791 So. 2d 537 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001), aff’d, 831 So. 2d 172 (Fla.2002). . In State v. Atkinson, 831 So. 2d 172 (Fla.2002), our supreme court held that the custody requirement imposed by section 394.925, Florida Statutes (2001), must be read to require that the custo…
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Ward v. State, 986 So. 2d 479 (Fla. 2008)…8.] The majority opinion correctly states that a petition for writ of prohibition is an available remedy where the defendant does not qualify for civil commitment under the Act as a matter of law. See majority opinion at 480 n. 1; Atkinson v. State, 791 So. 2d 537, 538 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001), aff'd, 831 So. 2d 172 (Fla.2002). II On January 1, 1999, the Jimmy Ryce Act went into effect. It created a civil commitment procedure for offenders who have been convicted of a qualifying sex crime and meet specified commi…
Previewing 3 of 5 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Heggs v. State, 759 So. 2d 620 (Fla. 2000)
- Thompson v. State, 695 So. 2d 691 (Fla. 1997)
- Tanguay v. State, 782 So. 2d 419 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001)