JOHN KORMAN AND SHELDON SHORE, APPELLANTS,
v.
STEPHEN S. KENT, AND WOODBURN & WEDGE, CHARTERED, A NEVADA PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 2002-07-17
No. 4D01-1481
WARNER and GROSS, JJ., concur.
821 So. 2d 408 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (2002) Caution
Cited by 17 cases

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Holding

The court held that the malicious prosecution of a lawsuit in another state does not constitute a tortious act committed within Florida, even if the plaintiff resides in Florida.


Headnotes

[1] A tortious act committed outside of Florida does not subject a nonresident defendant to personal jurisdiction in Florida merely because the plaintiff, a Florida resident,…

[2] The tort of malicious prosecution is generally deemed to occur where the action is maliciously filed or maintained, not where the plaintiff resides.

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Facts & Procedural History

Florida residents sued Nevada residents (an attorney and law firm) in Florida for malicious prosecution, alleging they continued a Nevada lawsuit afte…

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Opinion of the Court
FARMER, J.

FARMER, J.

We affirm the trial court’s order finding no personal jurisdiction over these non-resident defendants. Plaintiffs are Florida residents who have sued defendants for malicious prosecution based on the filing and prosecution of an action in the federal district court in Nevada against them for breach of contract and alleged RICO violations. The Nevada lawsuit ended in a summary judgment in plaintiffs’ favor. As a result they brought this malicious prosecution suit in Florida.

Both defendants are residents of Nevada where they have their office. They are a Nevada attorney and the law firm who initiated and maintained the Nevada lawsuit against plaintiffs, allegedly even after they knew that plaintiffs were not involved in the matters about which defendants were complaining in the Nevada action. The action against these nonresident defendants in Florida is based on the allegation that, in continuing the Nevada lawsuit after they knew that plaintiffs were not liable, they committed a tortious act within Florida. See § 48.193(l)(b), Fla. Stat. (2001) (“Any person, whether or not a citizen or resident of this state, who personally or through an agent does any of the acts enumerated in this subsection thereby submits himself or herself...to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state for any cause of action arising from the doing of any of the following acts...committing a tortious act within this state.”). We review orders dismissing parties for lack of personal jurisdiction de novo. See Execu-Tech Bus. Sys., Inc. v. New Oji Paper Co., 752 So. 2d 582, 584 (Fla.), cert. denied, 531 U.S. 818, 121 S.Ct. 58, 148 L.Ed.2d 25 (2000).

In Wendt v. Horowitz, 822 So. 2d 1252, 1259 (Fla.2002), the supreme court explicitly rejected the notion that section 48.193(l)(b) necessarily requires that the nonresident actor be physically present within Florida in order to be subject to our jurisdiction for committing a tortious act here. The statute also encompasses conduct where the defendant acts outside Florida to directly cause injury or damage a person within this state. An example is uttering a defamatory falsehood in a foreign state and causing it to be published here to the detriment of the plaintiff. See Wendt, 822 So. 2d at 1259; Acquadro v. Bergeron, 778 So. 2d 1034 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001) (holding that defamatory telephone call from outside Florida was tortious act subjecting a nonresident to personal jurisdiction).

Nevertheless we do not think that these cases offer any basis for jurisdiction over the nonresident defendants in this case. We conceive that generally the malicious prosecution of a legal action takes place where the action is maliciously filed or maintained. The fact that a Florida resident who could be sued in another state derives a malicious prosecution cause of action from being sued in that other state does not yield the conclusion that the tort was committed in Florida simply because the person resides here.

The gist of the malicious prosecution action lies in the act of being sued without probable cause to be sued. The cause of action is complete upon the instant that the person was dragged or kept in the court where the maliciously brought or maintained action was pending. The mere fact that the aggrieved party brings his distress and economic consequences with him when he returns from defending in that distant state back to Florida does not extend the tort to being committed in Florida.

We distinguish the kind of torts committed in Wendt and Acquadro. In those cases the defamatory falsehoods, though uttered initially outside this state, were in fact published here. The gist of the action for defamatory falsehood lies in the publication of the falsehood, not in the mere making of it. In Execu-Teeh, the action involved a conspiracy to fix prices in Florida — an act which, though done elsewhere, had its consequences only in Florida. On the other hand, the essence of the tort for malicious prosecution comes into being when the suit is brought or maintained maliciously and that first occurs where the suit is brought or maintained.

To hold otherwise is to read a considerable addition into the simple phrase “commits a tortious act within Florida.” If the Legislature intended for this provision to encompass all tortious acts which were complete outside Florida but ultimately have consequences here only because a Florida resident suffers damages, we believe it would be incumbent on the Legislature to make that statutory purpose clear in the plainest of language.1 Because we do not yet discern such a purpose, we limit the statutory provision, to its. plain and obvious meaning.

AFFIRMED.

WARNER and GROSS, JJ., concur. . We of course express no opinion as to the validity, meaning or enforceability of any such statutory provision if actually adopted by the Legislature.


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Citator

Cited By

  • ARCH Aluminum & Glass Co., Inc. v. Haney, 964 So. 2d 228 (Fla. 4th DCA 2007)
    …s State, provided that the tort alleged arises from such communications. Id. at 1253. Section 48.193(l)(b) “encompasses conduct where the defendant acts outside Florida to directly cause injury or damage a person within this state.” Korman v. Kent, 821 So. 2d 408, 410 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002) (emphasis added). However, in Kor-man, this court was careful to explain that section 48.193(l)(b) does not apply merely because a Florida resident suffers damages: “If the Legislature intended for this provision to encompas…
  • Blumberg v. Steve Weiss & Co., Inc., 922 So. 2d 361 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006)
    …per Co., 752 So. 2d 582 (Fla.2000). While a defendant’s physical presence in the state is not required, it is not, however, enough that the actions of a defendant committed outside of Florida ultimately have consequences in Florida. Norman v. Kent, 821 So. 2d 408, 411 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002). Instead, his actions must directly cause injury or damage within the state. Id. at 410. In the instant case, although SWCI’s action in selling No-rephedrine to Syntrax may have had ultimate consequences in Florida because S…
  • Edwards v. Airline Support Grp., Inc., 138 So. 3d 1209 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014)
    …red, it is not, however, enough that the actions of a defendant committed outside of Florida ultimately have consequences in Florida. Instead, [the defendant’s] actions must directly cause injury or damage within the state.”) (citing Korman v. Kent, 821 So. 2d 408, 410-11 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)). If anything, it appears Edwards received the monetary proceeds while in Indiana. ASG’s failure to specifically mention where the transfer occurred prevents us from determining whether any act was committed within this s…

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