MICHAEL F. SMITH, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Michael Smith appealed the denial of his motion to withdraw his no contest plea to a violation of probation, arguing he lacked conflict-free counsel at the hearing. The Florida Fifth District Court of Appeal held that when a conflict of interest arises between a defendant and his counsel, the trial court must appoint independent counsel to represent the defendant at a motion to withdraw plea hearing.
Yes. When a conflict of interest arises between a defendant and his counsel, particularly where they take adversarial positions regarding the advice given concerning a plea, the trial court is obligated to appoint or allow the defendant to retain independent, conflict-free counsel to represent him at the motion to withdraw plea hearing.
[1] A criminal defendant has the right to conflict-free counsel at each critical stage of the proceedings.
[2] When a conflict of interest arises between a defendant and counsel during a motion to withdraw a plea, the trial court must appoint independent counsel for the defendant'…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“when a conflict between a defendant and his counsel appears in the record, the trial court is obligated to appoint conflict-free counsel to represent the defendant”
Establishes the core holding that trial courts must appoint independent counsel when conflicts arise between defendant and existing counsel.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceSmith pled no contest to a violation of probation and was sentenced to 60 months incarceration. He later filed a motion to withdraw the plea, claiming…
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MONACO, J.
The appellant, Michael F. Smith, appeals from the denial of his motion to withdraw plea, arguing that he was entitled to conflict-free counsel to represent him during the hearing on his motion. We agree and reverse.
Smith pled no contest to a violation of probation,1 and was sentenced to sixty months incarceration. He later filed a motion to withdraw plea alleging that “he did not have enough time to discuss his options and alternatives with counsel.”
At the motion hearing Smith was represented by the attorney who had previously represented him at his violation of probation hearing. Smith’s attorney suggested to the court that it was Smith who wanted to file the motion. The attorney then offered his opinion concerning conversations between himself and Smith as follows:
Mr. Smith and I had several conversations on the telephone about his case. We also spoke here in open court ... the lab result presented ... in my opinion, would have been hearsay and the state would have had to bring in a custodian of records to verify the tests.
This was all brought to Mr. Smith’s attention. Mr. Smith was advised he would have the right to contest the results at a hearing. I also advised him if we should have a hearing, it could result in additional time above what the state had originally asked for. I felt that Mr. Smith was fully advised as to what he was doing. I felt Mr. Smith understood the options he had available to him and the possible outcomes of his choices. All I can do is let Mr. Smith explain to you what he felt was the problem at that time.
Smith testified to the trial court that he did not understand the severity of his case or the harshness of his sentence. Without any prompting, the attorney interrupted Smith and told the court that he had explained everything concerning the plea to Smith.
The trial court denied Smith’s motion to withdraw plea, ruling that Smith knew the possible penalties based on a prior plea offer that had been made, and that Smith was simply unhappy with his sentence. The court went further, however, saying that it also based its decision on the commentary of Smith’s attorney, stating, “your own lawyer basically told us he explained everything to you at that point.” Smith brings this appeal asserting that he is entitled to a new hearing with conflict-free counsel.
It is well established that a criminal defendant facing incarceration has the right to counsel at each critical stage of the proceedings. See Coleman v. Alabama, 399 U.S. 1, 90 S.Ct. 1999, 26 L.Ed.2d 387 (1970); Jones v. State, 827 So. 2d 1086 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002); Padgett v. State, 743 So. 2d 70, 72 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999). Once a conflict of interest arises between the defendant and his counsel, the preferred course to follow is for the “trial court to appoint or allow the defendant to retain independent counsel solely for the purpose of representation on the motion to withdraw the plea.” See Zeiszler v. State, 765 So. 2d 128 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000); Holifield v. State, 717 So. 2d 69 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998), rev. denied, 729 So. 2d 394 (Fla.1999). That is to say, when a conflict between a defendant and his counsel appears in the record, the trial court is obligated to appoint conflict-free counsel to represent the defendant. See Jones v. State, 827 So. 2d 1086, 1087 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002); Karg v. State, 706 So. 2d 124, 125 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998).
Here, the comments of trial counsel were patently in conflict with the position of his client. The comments suggest that counsel believed he fully advised Smith of the consequences of the plea, and perhaps he did. Nonetheless, once it became clear that Smith and his attorney had taken adversarial positions concerning the advice Smith had received concerning his plea, Smith should have been afforded the opportunity to have the benefit of conflict-free counsel to present his position. As he was denied that opportunity, we reverse the order denying Smith’s motion to with draw plea, and remand with instructions to conduct a new hearing, insuring that Smith is offered conflict-free counsel to represent him at the hearing.
REVERSED and REMANDED.
THOMPSON, C.J. and SAWAYA, J. concur. . At the probation hearing, the trial court asked Smith if he was under the influence of any drugs or medications that may affect his thinking. Smith answered yes, however, the trial judge did not inquire any further.
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Citator
Cited By
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Carmona v. State, 873 So. 2d 348 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004)…dissenting. I respectfully dissent. I do not think that the State, in conceding error here, “misapprehended” this court’s opinion in Smith v. State, 845 So. 2d 937 (Fla. 5th [*351] DCA 2003), and I submit that the majority opinion narrows and limits the holding of Smith in a confusing way. The majority says Smith requires that there be a “patent” rather than a “latent” conflict of interest between counsel and…
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Rouse v. State, 990 So. 2d 1197 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008)…a patent conflict of interest arises between counsel and client in a motion to withdraw proceeding, the court has a duty to offer the client conflict-free counsel.” Carmona v. State, 873 So. 2d 348, 349 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004); see also, Smith v. State, 845 So. 2d 937, 938 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003) (recognizing when a conflict of interest between a defendant and his counsel “appears in the record, the trial court is obligated to appoint conflict-free counsel to represent the defendant”). Given Rouse’s allegations, we f…
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Angeles v. State, 279 So. 3d 836 (Fla. 2d DCA 2019)…c). Counsel's assertion that the plea was unknowing and involuntary due to counsel's failure to provide sufficient information set forth a facially sufficient claim. See Rouse v. State, 990 So. 2d 1197, 1198 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008); Smith v. State, 845 So. 2d 937, 938 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003). The allegations that counsel performed deficiently in failing to properly advise Angeles during the plea process also established an adversarial relationship such that she was entitled to the appointment of conflict-free…
Previewing 3 of 7 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Coleman v. Alabama, 399 U.S. 1 (U.S. 1970)
- Padgett v. State, 743 So. 2d 70 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)
- Wadie Michael Holifield v. State, 717 So. 2d 69 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998)
- Jones v. State, 827 So. 2d 1086 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002)
- Karg v. State, 706 So. 2d 124 (Fla. 1st DCA 1998)
- Zeiszler v. State, 765 So. 2d 128 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000)