LOUIS F. MASIELLO, APPELLANT,
v.
ROXANNE R. MASIELLO, APPELLEE
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Louis Masiello appeals a final judgment of dissolution entered by the trial court without proper notice and without addressing his counterpetition for annulment. The court reversed because the trial court failed to follow Florida Family Law Rules of Procedure, improperly converted a hearing of unclear purpose into a final dissolution hearing, and failed to rule on his pending counterpetition.
The trial court erred in multiple respects: it failed to comply with Florida Family Law Rule of Procedure 12.440(a) by not formally setting the matter for trial; it improperly converted a hearing of unclear purpose into a final hearing without affording Mr. Masiello adequate notice and opportunity to be heard; it failed to address his pending counterpetition for annulment; and the clerk improperly entered a default against Mrs. Masiello when she had actually filed the initiating petition for dissolution.
[1] A trial court commits error by proceeding to a final hearing without proper notice to the parties.
[2] A trial court abuses its discretion by converting a hearing for one purpose into a final hearing on a contested matter without adequate notice.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“An elementary and fundamental requirement of due process in any proceeding which is to be accorded finality is notice reasonably calculated, under all the circumstances, to apprise interested parties of the pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present them objections.”
Establishes the due process standard for notice in civil proceedings, which the trial court violated by not giving Mr. Masiello fair notice that the June 13 hearing would be a final dissolution trial.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceLouis and Roxanne Masiello married in November 2000 while Louis was incarcerated in state prison. Roxanne filed a pro se petition for dissolution in F…
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CASANUEVA, Judge.
Louis and Roxanne Masiello were married in November 2000 while Mr. Masiello was incarcerated in state prison. His incarceration continued throughout the marriage and into the dissolution proceedings that Mrs. Masiello commenced, pro se, in February 2002. Upon receipt of her petition for dissolution, Mr. Masiello, also pro se, counterpetitioned for annulment, claiming the marriage had never been consummated. He also sought return of several items of property that he had sent to her, as well as a sum of money. We reverse because the trial court allowed this matter to proceed to final hearing without proper notice and erred in entering the final judgment of dissolution without ruling on Mr. Masiello’s counterpetition.
Although there were a number of procedural errors, one is particularly sympto-. mafic of the problems encountered in this case. Using forms suggested by the family law rules, Mrs. Masiello filed a notice for hearing to be held on June 13, 2002, without filling in the blank to explain the purpose of the hearing. The trial court’s order setting the hearing stated that its purpose was to modify child support and that five minutes were set aside, despite the fact that both parties had alleged in their respective pleadings that no children were born of the marriage.
The hearing took place on June 13, 2002, with Mr. Masiello attending telephonically from prison. At that time, the trial court apparently converted the hearing into a final hearing on Mrs. Masiello’s petition for dissolution of marriage. This was improper. Florida Family Law Rule of Procedure 12.440(a) requires the trial court to enter an order setting the matter for trial within a reasonable time from the service of the notice for trial. Here, the trial court never formally set this action for trial. Furthermore, the court unreasonably converted the alleged child support hearing into a final hearing at the moment it discovered that there were no children born of the marriage.
“An elementary and fundamental requirement of due process in any proceeding which is to be accorded finality is notice reasonably calculated, under all the circumstances, to apprise interested parties of the pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present them objections.” Mullane v. Cent. Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306, 314, 70 S.Ct. 652, 94 L.Ed. 865 (1950); cf. Wells v. Wells, 779 So. 2d 540, 541 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000) (holding it was error to order the ex-wife to change a provision of her will dealing with certain real property to comply with the parties’ marital settlement agreement on an oral motion by her ex-husband at a summary judgment hearing in an action concerning that real property); Busch v. Busch, 762 So. 2d 1010, 1011 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000) (holding that upon noticing a hearing on the husband’s motion for emergency relief seeking an injunction to keep the wife out of marital home, where the issue of custody was not mentioned, it was error for the trial court to change primary custody of the children to the husband). Here, Mr. Masiello was not fairly apprised that at the June 13, 2002, hearing the court would be trying the dissolution that he contested.
Furthermore, had the trial court followed rule 12.440(a) and ascertained whether the case was ready to be set for trial, it would have discovered, in its review of the court file, the outstanding counterpetition for annulment raising issues concerning property. And, had discovery been complete and the issues joined, the court undoubtedly would have reserved more than five minutes for the trial.
This record also indicates that a default was improperly entered by the clerk of the court against Mrs. Masiello on the counterpetition for annulment. Generally, the clerk is authorized to enter a default when “a party against whom affirmative relief is sought has failed to file or serve any paper in the action.” Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.500 (incorporated by reference into Fla. Fam. L.R.P. 12.500). In this case, Mrs. Masiello had filed the petition for dissolution of marriage commencing the action.
We reverse the final judgment of dissolution and remand the cause for further proceedings comporting with the family law rules of procedure and disposing of all outstanding issues in the case.
Reversed and remanded.
WHATLEY and CANADY, JJ., concur.
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Citator
Cited By
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Johnson v. Johnson, 88 So. 3d 335 (Fla. 2d DCA 2012)…[the words of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment] require that deprivation of life, liberty or property by adjudication be preceded by notice and opportunity for hearing appropriate to the nature of the case”); Masiello v. Masiello, 850 So. 2d 650 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (holding that it was error for the trial court to proceed to a hearing on a particular issue without proper notice to the husband that that particular issue was to be determined at the noticed hearing); Busch v. Busch, 762 So. 2d…
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Merrigan v. Merrigan, 947 So. 2d 668 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007)…icity the matter or matters being referred.” This notice also failed to comply with the procedures required by Florida Rule of Family Law Procedure 12.440(a) for setting a trial or final hearing. This alone merits reversal. See Masiello v. Masiello, 850 So. 2d 650 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003). Indeed, in this case it appears that the matter was not ready for a trial given the lack of appropriate financial information and the court’s attempt to defer a final decision on custody. Further, the “temporary” custody provisi…
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Korman v. Shapiro (Fla. 3d DCA 2024)…So. 2d 668, 670 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007) (“This notice also failed to comply with 4 the procedures required by Florida Rule of Family Law Procedure 12.440(a) for setting a trial or final hearing. This alone merits reversal.”); Masiello v. Masiello, 850 So. 2d 650, 651 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (finding that the trial court improperly converted a hearing into a final hearing based on Florida Family Law Rule of Procedure 12.440(a)). In this case, the trial court entered an order on May 3, 2021, setting a case m…
Authorities Cited
- Mullane v. Cent. Hanover Bank & Tr. Co., 339 U.S. 306 (U.S. 1950)
- Busch v. Busch, 762 So. 2d 1010 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000)
- Wells v. Wells, 779 So. 2d 540 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000)