HARRY PAPPAS, APPELLANT,
v.
SMART HEALTH U.S.A., A FOREIGN CORPORATION, MALIBU MEDICA, A FOREIGN CORPORATION, FRED BUCKLEY AND GENERAL NUTRITION CORPORATION, A FOREIGN CORPORATION, APPELLEES

Fla. 4th DCA | 2003-11-19
No. 4D02-2300
WARNER and SHAHOOD, JJ., concur.
861 So. 2d 84 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (2003) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Plaintiff sued defendants for using his picture in an advertisement for an herbal product without permission, alleging invasion of privacy and violation of Florida's statutory right of publicity. The court affirmed summary judgment in favor of General Nutrition Corporation (GNC), holding that GNC was not liable merely because the advertisement stated the product was available at GNC stores.


Holding

GNC is not liable because the permissive use of its name in advertisements by vendors does not create an agency relationship between GNC and Smart Health, and there is no evidence supporting an inference of agency. The mere fact that an advertisement mentions that a product is available at GNC stores does not render GNC responsible for the contents of that advertisement.


Headnotes

[1] A company is not liable for unauthorized advertisements created by a vendor that merely state the company's products are available at its stores.

[2] The mere permissive use of a company's name or trademarks by a vendor in advertisements does not, by itself, create an agency relationship.

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Key Quotes

“the mere permissive use of Mobil's name did not create an agency relationship”

The court applied the Mobil Oil precedent to hold that GNC's permissive use of its name in vendor advertisements did not create an agency relationship with Smart Health.

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Facts & Procedural History

Defendant Buckley, employed by Smart Health, used plaintiff's picture from a high school yearbook in an advertisement for an herbal impotency product …

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Opinion of the Court
KLEIN, J.

KLEIN, J.

Appellant plaintiff sued the appellees for using his picture in an advertisement without his permission. He alleged invasion of privacy and a violation of section 540.08, Florida Statutes (2000), which imposes liability for using a person’s name or likeness in a commercial advertisement without consent. The advertisements, which were not prepared or authorized by General Nutrition Corporation (GNC), indicated that the product could be purchased at GNC stores. We affirm a summary judgment holding that GNC is not liable.

Defendant Buckley, who was employed by Smart Health, used a picture of plaintiff, his former high school coach, in an ad for an herbal product which supposedly cures impotency. Buckley copied the picture from his high school yearbook. The ad also contained an alleged quote from plaintiff, suggesting that his sex life had improved, signed “Harry P.” Plaintiff had not authorized this.

One of the ads stated that the product was available at “GNC & other fine health food stores,” while another contained the statement “Herbal V. from Smart Health USA is available at Fine Health Food Stores Nationwide including General Nutrition Centers.”

On motion for summary judgment GNC established that these ads were created entirely by Buckley for Smart Health, and neither approved nor authorized by GNC. GNC does permit its vendors to state in advertisements that a particular product is available at GNC stores.

Plaintiff does not dispute these facts, but argues that there are inferences from which it could be found that Smart Health is the agent of GNC. Plaintiff relies for that inference on evidence that GNC permitted vendors of products to state that the products are available at GNC stores.

In Mobil Oil Corp. v. Bransford, 648 So. 2d 119 (Fla.1995), plaintiff was beaten by an employee of a gas station owned by Mobil Oil, but leased to Berman. The plaintiff sued Mobil on the theory that Berman was Mobil’s agent because Mobil products were sold and Mobile trademarks and logos were displayed. The Florida Supreme Court affirmed a summary judgment in favor of Mobil, stating that the mere permissive use of Mobil’s name did not create an agency relationship. The permissive use of its name in the present case did not create an agency by GNC anymore than Mobil’s actions did in Bransford. See also Charles of the Ritz Group, Ltd. v. Quality King Distrib., Inc., 664 F.Supp. 152 (S.D.N.Y.1987) (cosmetic supplier was not responsible for the contents of advertisements published by retailers); Pittman v. Dow Jones & Co., Inc., 662 F.Supp. 921, 922 (E.D.La.1987) (a newspaper does not have a duty to investigate the accuracy of an advertisement placed with it).

In the present case, the pleadings do not allege an agency relationship, nor is there any evidence from which it could be inferred that there was an agency relationship between GNC and Smart Health. Affirmed.

WARNER and SHAHOOD, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Jackson Hewitt, Inc. v. Kaman, 100 So. 3d 19 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011)
    …hat the use of a logo or trademark symbol alone cannot create an apparent agency.” Am. Int’l Group, Inc. v. Cornerstone Bus., Inc., 872 So. 2d 333, 336 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004) (citing Bransford, 648 So. 2d at 120); see also Pappas v. Smart Health U.S.A., 861 So. 2d 84, 85 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003) (holding that the permissive use by a health food store of the franchisor’s name did not create an agency relationship). C. No Representation by Jackson Hewitt The Kamans’ claim that Jackson Hewitt knowingly allowed Prewett…
  • …PER CURIAM. This appeal is hereby dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. See Lopez v. Velasco, 861 So. 2d 84 (Fla. 1st DCA 2003). KAHN, C.J., BARFIELD and DAVIS, JJ., concur.…

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