ELIZABETH A. MESZAROS AND G. FRANK MESZAROS, APPELLANTS,
v.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND CONSUMER SERVICES, APPELLEE
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Homeowners appealed an immediate final order from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services requiring destruction of their citrus trees located within 1900 feet of diseased trees. The court affirmed the destruction order, holding that the statutory 1900-foot boundary is mandatory and that courts must defer to the agency's interpretation of its implementing statutes.
The court affirmed the immediate final order, holding that the statutory 1900-foot boundary is mandatory and that the Meszaroses' argument for an alternative acceptable risk standard must fail. Courts must defer to agency interpretations of their enacting statutes, and the IFOs are permissible under established precedent.
[1] An immediate final order (IFO) from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services advising of the destruction of citrus trees is reviewable for whether it was lawfu…
[2] Citrus trees located within 1900 feet of trees diseased with citrus canker are considered exposed to infection and subject to removal and destruction under Florida law.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the Department shall remove and destroy all infected citrus trees and all citrus trees exposed to an infection”
Establishes the mandatory statutory language of section 581.184 requiring destruction of trees within 1900 feet of diseased trees
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceElizabeth and Frank Meszaros owned citrus trees located within 1900 feet of trees diseased with citrus canker. The Department of Agriculture and Consu…
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PLEUS, J.
Homeowners Elizabeth and Frank Meszaros appeal from an immediate final order (IFO) of the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (Department), advising them that their citrus trees would be destroyed because they were located within 1900 feet of trees diseased with citrus canker. The Meszaroses argue that the Department erred in issuing the IFO because their citrus trees constitute an acceptable level of risk. The standard for reviewing this order is whether the IFO was “lawfully entered” and “not defective.” Markus v. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, 785 So. 2d 595 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001); Sapp Farms, Inc. v. Florida Dep’t of Agriculture and Consumer Services, 761 So. 2d 347 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000).
We note at the outset that the Meszaroses do not contest whether the IFO was lawfully entered and not defective. They also do not dispute the fact that their citrus trees fall within 1900 feet of trees diseased by citrus canker. Accordingly, the IFO can be affirmed on that basis alone. However, we will briefly address the Meszaroses’ arguments. Section 581.184, Florida Statutes (2002) mandates that the “Department shall remove and destroy all infected citrus trees and all citrus trees exposed to an infection.” It further defines citrus trees “exposed to infection” as those trees “located within 1900 feet of an infected tree.” The Meszaroses argue that the 1900 foot boundary established in section 581.184 is based upon scientific and statistical data showing that the probability of capturing all diseased trees is 95.5% and the probability of not capturing a diseased tree is 4.5%. Thus, despite the explicit 1900 foot boundary mandated in the statute, the Meszaroses argue that the true principle underlying the statute is a 4.5% acceptable level of risk, rather than what they consider to be an arbitrary 1900 foot boundary. Based on this assumption, the Meszaroses argue that their citrus trees fall within the 4.5% acceptable level of risk when factors such as distance, barriers, time of year and time since detection are considered.
We conclude that the Meszaroses’ challenges to the IFO must fail. First, it is well-established that these IFOs are permissible. Sapp; Denney v. Conner, 462 So. 2d 534 (Fla. 1st DCA 1985); Nordmann v. Florida Dep’t of Agriculture and Consumer Services, 473 So. 2d 278 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985). The Meszaroses do not dispute the lawfulness of the IFO or the constitutionality of its enacting statute. Second, the Meszaroses’ criticisms of the methods employed by the Department in eradicating citrus canker are insufficient in light of the rule that courts should defer to an agency’s interpretation of its enacting statutes and rules in determining how to implement them. See e.g., Hobbs v. Department of Transportation, 831 So. 2d 745 (Fla. 5th DCA 2002).
Accordingly, we affirm the IFO without prejudice to the Meszaroses to seek just compensation for the destruction of the trees having value, and we order that the stay previously entered is now lifted.
AFFIRMED WITHOUT PREJUDICE.
PETERSON and ORFINGER, JJ., concur.
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Citator
Cited By
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G.A. Mack v. Fla. Dep't of Agric. & Consumer Servs., 912 So. 2d 1274 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)…herein put in question whether the subject trees are in or out of range of the contaminated trees. We find the IFO to be defective, and thus, invalid. There is prejudice to appellant in this case. See Meszaros v. Dep’t of Agric. & Consumer Servs., 861 So. 2d 86 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003). We reverse and remand for further proceedings in order for appellee to correct and/or supplement the record at a hearing regarding relevant addresses, locations, property owners’ names, and most importantly, whether the subject…
Authorities Cited
- Gen. Ins. Co. v. Lumbermens Mut. Cas. Co., 462 So. 2d 534 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)
- Nordmann v. Fla. Dep't of Agric. & Consumer Servs., 473 So. 2d 278 (Fla. 5th DCA 1985)
- Sapp Farms, Inc. v. Fla. Dep't of Agric. & Consumer Servs., 761 So. 2d 347 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000)
- Brown v. State, 785 So. 2d 595 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001)
- Hobbs v. Dep't OF Transp., 831 So. 2d 745 (Fla. 5th DCA 2002)