FLORIDA BIRTH-RELATED NEUROLOGICAL INJURY COMPENSATION ASSOCIATION, APPELLANT,
v.
MARIA FERGUSON AND GARRY FERGUSON, ON BEHALF OF AND AS PARENTS AND NATURAL GUARDIANS OF CASEY FERGUSON, A MINOR; AND LENORE MCCALL, C.N.M., APPELLEES
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NICA appealed an ALJ order holding that healthcare providers' failure to provide sufficient notice of the Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Plan deprived them of statutory immunity. The Second District reversed, holding that the ALJ lacked jurisdiction to determine notice issues, which fall outside the ALJ's delegated authority to determine only compensability under the Plan.
The ALJ exceeded its jurisdiction in determining both the factual issues of notice and the legal impact of any notice failure. The ALJ's authority is limited to determining compensability—whether the child suffered a qualifying neurological injury and whether the child was delivered by a participating physician. The compensability determination was affirmed, but the portions addressing notice were reversed.
[1] An administrative law judge's jurisdiction under the Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Plan (NICA) is limited to determining the compensability of a…
[2] The determination of whether a healthcare provider is entitled to immunity from tort liability under NICA is a matter for the circuit court, not the administrative law ju…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the ALJ was without jurisdiction to reach legal conclusions as to the impact of a provider's failure to give sufficient notice”
Establishes the core holding that ALJ cannot determine the legal effect of notice failures on immunity
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceCasey Ferguson was born with serious neurological injuries on January 28, 1997, at Morton Plant Mease Health Care Hospital. Her parents filed a malpra…
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DAVIS, Judge.
The Florida Birth Related Neurological Injury Compensation Association (NICA) challenges the final order of the Division of Administrative Hearings (DOAH), which held that because certain of the health care providers failed to give sufficient notice of the applicability of the Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Plan (the Plan), see § 766.301-.316, Fla. Stat. (1997), the health care providers are not entitled to the statutory immunity provided by the Plan. We conclude that the administrative law judge (ALJ) exceeded his authority in making such a finding, and we reverse.
Casey Ferguson, the minor child of Maria and Garry Ferguson, was born with serious neurological injuries on January 28, 1997, at Morton Plant Mease Health Care Hospital in Dunedin (the Hospital). Due to the injuries she received at birth, her parents filed a malpractice action against the Hospital and Lenore V. McCall, the certified nurse midwife involved in the delivery. In response to the complaint, the Hospital and McCall raised the statutory immunity of the Plan as an affirmative defense and requested that the suit be abated until the ALJ determined whether the birth-related injuries were covered by the Plan. Relying on the interpretation of section 766.301(l)(d), provided in O’Leary v. Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Ass’n, 757 So. 2d 624 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000), the trial court abated the action until the “issues of applicability of and/or compensability” under the Plan were determined by the ALJ.
Accordingly, the Fergusons filed a petition against NICA with DOAH, arguing that because their malpractice claim was not barred by the immunity of the Plan, the matter should be remanded to the circuit court for a trial on the merits. In response to the petition, NICA acknowledged that the child’s injury was a birth-related neurological injury as defined by the statute and was compensable. However, acknowledging that the parents alleged that the Hospital and McCall failed to give proper notice of the applicability of the Plan, NICA requested an evidentiary hearing to allow the ALJ to determine notice issues.
After the hearing, the ALJ entered an order finding that the Hospital failed to give sufficient predelivery notice as required by the statute and that, as a result thereof, it was not entitled to statutory immunity from the malpractice complaint. The order stated that the parents could accept the compensation provided under the plan or pursue their malpractice action in the circuit court.
' NICA now challenges that order, arguing that the ALJ exceeded his jurisdiction in determining the legal impact of the Hospital’s failure to provide sufficient notice. Although NICA followed the directions of O’Leary and asked the ALJ to determine the factual issue of whether notice was given, it now maintains that the factual determination was the extent of the ALJ’s jurisdiction. The Fergusons, however, argue that NICA does not have standing to bring this appeal.
Since the ALJ entered his order, this court has issued two opinions that control the notice issue. First, in Bayfront Medical Center v. Division of Administrative Hearings, 841 So. 2d 626 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003), this court determined that the ALJ was without jurisdiction to reach legal conclusions as to the impact of a provider’s failure to give sufficient notice. In that case, the parties had agreed to the ALJ making the factual determination as to whether notice was given; thus this court only responded to the issue of whether the ALJ had the authority to reach the legal conclusion that the failure of notice deprives the defending provider of his statutory immunity. Because that is the same issue raised in the instant case, Bayfront is directly on point here and we must reverse.
However, more recently, this court examined the entire jurisdiction issue and concluded that none of the issues of notice are within the province of the ALJ. See All Children’s Hosp., Inc. v. Dep’t of Admin. Hearings, 863 So. 2d 450 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004). We concluded that the statute delegated to the ALJ only the authority to determine the issue of compensability, which includes (1) whether the child suffered a neurological injury as defined by the Plan; and (2) whether the child was delivered by a participating physician. See § 766.309. If these two questions are answered in the affirmative, the statute authorizes the ALJ to determine the amount of compensation to which the parents are entitled. Id. The issue of notice therefore is not involved in determining the compensability of the injury. All Children’s Hosp., 863 So. 2d 450; see also Fla. Health Scis. Ctr., Inc. v. Div. of Admin. Hearings, 2004 WL 401203, 29 Fla. L. Weekly D556 (Fla. 2d DCA Mar. 5, 2004).
Although the parties here reasonably relied on the procedural suggestions of O’Leary in submitting the factual issue of notice to the ALJ, it is clear from these subsequent opinions that even the determination of the factual issues of notice was beyond the ALJ’s jurisdiction. Accordingly, we must reverse those portions of the ALJ’s opinion that address the notice issue.
However, we must also address the issue of standing. The Fergusons suggest that because NICA is not adversely affected by the ALJ’s ruling, it does not have standing to bring this appeal. We disagree. The legislature gave NICA the powers necessary to “effect any or all purposes for which the plan is created.” § 766.315(4)(g), Fla. Stat. (2000). In Humana of Florida, Inc. v. McKaughan ex rel. McKaughan, 652 So. 2d 852 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995), this court held that section 766.315 gave NICA standing to challenge an ALJ’s order finding the alleged injury is not covered by the statute and returning the matter to the circuit court for malpractice litigation.1 This court reasoned that if the order was not challenged, the parents could avoid the exclusive remedy of the Plan and that would be contrary to the “manifest intent and purpose of the Plan.” Id. at 857.
Similarly, should the instant ruling of the ALJ stand, the availability of the immunity afforded to health care providers would be limited by the ALJ’s legal conclusions as to the legislative intent of the statute. Not only would this ruling encourage parents to challenge the notice requirements in an attempt to avoid the limited remedy, it would discourage physicians from participating in the Plan due to the technical requirements of the notice statute as defined by the ALJ. Both of these results are contrary to the intent and purpose of the Plan. Therefore, as in Hu-mana, we conclude that NICA is sufficiently adversely affected to confer on it standing to bring this challenge.
Accordingly, we determine that the ALJ not only exceeded his jurisdiction in reaching the legal conclusions regarding immunity, but also exceeded his jurisdiction in addressing the factual issues of notice.2 We therefore reverse the ALJ’s order as to the notice issues. In so doing, we certi fy conflict with the Fifth District’s opinion in O’Leary, 757 So. 2d 624, the Third District’s opinion in University of Miami v. M.A, 793 So. 2d 999 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001), and the Fourth District’s opinions in Gugelmin v. Division of Administrative Hearings, 815 So. 2d 764 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002), and Behan v. Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Ass’n, 664 So. 2d 1173 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995), to the extent that these opinions hold that the ALJ has the authority to determine issues related to notice in NICA proceedings.
Additionally, we affirm the ALJ’s order as to the finding of compensability of the injury, and we remand for the entry of an amended final order consistent with this opinion.
Affirmed in part; reversed in part; and remanded.
FULMER and STRINGER, JJ., concur. . Although this issue was not specifically reviewed, the "analysis and resolution” of the case by this court was approved by the Florida Supreme Court in Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Ass’n v. McKaughan, 668 So. 2d 974 (Fla.1996).
. During the pendency of this appeal, the Florida Legislature amended section 766.309 to add a new subsection which reads:
(4) If it is in the interest of judicial economy or if requested to by the claimant, the administrative law judge may bifurcate the proceeding addressing compensability and notice pursuant to s. 766.316 first, and addressing an award pursuant to s. 766.31, if any, in a separate proceeding. The administrative law judge may issue a final order on compensability and notice which is subject to appeal under s. 766.311 prior to issuance of an award pursuant to s. 766.31.
Ch.2003-416, § 77 at 89, Laws of Fla. Although it might be argued that this language, at least by inference, gives the ALJ the jurisdiction to address notice issues, this amendment does not apply to this case. Section 86 of chapter 2003-416, Laws of Florida, specifically states that the amendments to chapter 766, Florida Statutes, "shall apply only to any medical incident for which a notice of intent to initiate litigation is mailed on or after the effective date of the act.” The effective date of the act was September 15, 2003; thus, the amendment does not apply to this case. We offer no opinion as to whether this amendment does, in fact, confer on the ALJ the jurisdiction in question herein.
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Fla. Birth-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass'n v. Florida Division OF Administrative Hearings, 948 So. 2d 705 (Fla. 2007)…we review two decisions of the Second District Court of Appeal: All Children’s Hospital, Inc. v. Department of Administrative Hearings, 868 So. 2d 450 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004), and Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Ass’n v. Ferguson, 869 So. 2d 686 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004). In each case, the Second District certified conflict with decisions from the Third, Fourth, and Fifth District Courts of Appeal on an issue regarding the subject matter jurisdiction of administrative law judges under the Florida…1 / 2
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Bayfront Med. Ctr., Inc. v. Fla. Birth-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass'n, 893 So. 2d 636 (Fla. 2d DCA 2005)…amend his order to conform with this court’s decision. See Bay-front Med. Ctr., Inc. v. Div. of Admin. Hearings, 841 So. 2d 626 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (Bayfront I), superseded by statute, Fla. Birthr-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass’n v. Ferguson, 869 So. 2d 686 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004). The ALJ has now entered his order pursuant to our mandate, and Bayfront Medical Center, Inc. (Bayfront), challenges the amended order. Because the ALJ failed to follow our decisions in All Children’s Hospital, Inc. v. Department…1 / 2
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Katharine Weinstock, M.D. v. Simone Houvardas and Paul Houvardas, 924 So. 2d 982 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006)…provider gave proper notice of NICA participation. See Tabb v. Fla. Birth-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass’n, 880 So. 2d 1253, 1256-57 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004). This court in Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Ass’n v. Ferguson, 869 So. 2d 686 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004), review granted, Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Ass’n v. Florida Department of Administrative Hearings, 913 So. 2d 596 (Fla.2005), again interpreting NICA in 1997, relied on All Children’s Hospital in holdi…
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Fla. Birth-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass'n v. Jaimes McKAUGHAN and Darlene McKaughan, 668 So. 2d 974 (Fla. 1996)
- Timothy D. O'Leary, M.D. v. Fla. Birth-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass'n, 757 So. 2d 624 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000)
- Mauricio Gugelmin and Stella Gugelmin v. Division OF Administrative Hearings, 815 So. 2d 764 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)
- Edwards v. State, 652 So. 2d 852 (Fla. 5th DCA 1995)
- ALL Child's. Hosp., Inc. v. Dep't OF Admin. Hearings, 863 So. 2d 450 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
- Univ. OF Miami v. M.A., 793 So. 2d 999 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001)
- Behan v. Fla. Birth-Related Neurological Injury Comp. Ass'n, 664 So. 2d 1173 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995)
- Bayfront Med. Ctr., Inc. v. Division OF Administrative Hearings, 841 So. 2d 626 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003)