STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
TIMOTHY MULDOWNY AND WILLIAM E. PITTS, APPELLEES
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Florida appeals the suppression of intoxilyzer breath test results in two DUI cases. The court held that defendants are entitled to inspect operator's manuals, maintenance manuals, and schematics of the specific intoxilyzer used to test them, and that suppression was an appropriate remedy for the state's failure to produce this documentation.
Yes, defendants are entitled to inspect and copy operator's manuals, maintenance manuals, and schematics of the intoxilyzer used to test them when the results are intended to affect driving privileges or assess penalties. Yes, exclusion of the breath test results was an appropriate remedy because the state's discovery violation caused prejudice and prevented defendants from adequately preparing their cases.
[1] A defendant is entitled to inspect and copy operator's manuals, maintenance manuals, and schematics of an intoxilyzer used to test them when the test results are intended…
[2] Exclusion of breath test results is a permissible sanction for the state's failure to provide requested intoxilyzer documentation, but only if no other remedy suffices.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“It seems to us that one should not have privileges and freedom jeopardized by the results of a mystical machine that is immune from discovery, that inhales breath samples and that produces a report specifying a degree of intoxication.”
The court's rationale for requiring disclosure of intoxilyzer documentation when driving privileges are at stake.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceTimothy Muldowny and William E. Pitts were charged with driving under the influence. Both defendants sought production of operator's manuals, maintena…
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PETERSON, J.
This appeal is before this court after a county court suppressed the results of in-toxilyzer tests in two different cases in which Timothy Muldowny and William E. Pitts were charged with driving under the influence of alcohol. This court accepted jurisdiction after the county court certified the following questions to be of great public importance pursuant to rule 9.160, Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure:
Is a defendant entitled to inspect and copy and potentially use at trial or hearing the operator’s manuals, maintenance manuals and schematics of the intoxilyzer? Assuming the answer to the above question is yes, is the appropriate remedy exclusion of the breath test for the state’s failure to provide such documentation?
Under rules 9.030(b)(4)(A) and 9.160, Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure, this court has discretionary review of non-final orders of a county court containing a question certified to be of great public importance. Such is the case here. See also State v. Slaney, 653 So. 2d 422, 424 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995) (holding District Court of Appeal has jurisdiction to entertain state’s appeal from a non-final order of the county court certified to be of great public importance).
Under rule 9.160(f)(1), once this court accepts the appeal, “it will decide all issues that would have been subject to appeal if the appeal had been taken to the circuit court.” See, e.g., Sidney, 653 So. 2d at 424. Because the non-final county court order suppressing the breathalyzer tests is normally subject to appeal to the circuit court and because this court accepted jurisdiction to hear the certified questions and the order suppressing the breathalyzer test, this court must also consider the suppression issue.
The issues in these two cases crystalized when the Defendants moved to produce the documentation described in the certified question. When the State failed to produce the documents, the trial court suppressed the breath results of the Intoxilyzer 5000.
The Defendants sought production of the information in order to determine whether the intoxilyzer actually used to establish their driving impairment had been substantially modified by the inclusion of parts that were not on the schematics or whether the machine was approved by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE).1 Only approved breath testing machines may be used to establish impairment pursuant to section 316.1932(l)(a), Florida Statutes (2002), commonly known as Florida’s “Implied Consent Law.” E.g., State v. Polak, 598 So. 2d 150 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992); State v. Flood, 523 So. 2d 1180 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988). FDLE rule 11D-8.003 establishes the procedures for approval of the machines.
Section 316.1932(l)(f)(4), Florida Statutes (2002), requires that when a person tested with a machine requests it, full information concerning the test is to be made available. It must necessarily follow that when a person risks the loss of driving privileges or perhaps freedom based upon the use and operation of a particular machine, full information includes operating manuals, maintenance manuals and schematics in order to determine whether the machine actually used to determine the extent of a defendant’s intoxication is the same unmodified model that was approved pursuant to statutory procedures. It seems to us that one should not have privileges and freedom jeopardized by the results of a mystical machine that is immune from discovery, that inhales breath samples and that produces a report specifying a degree of intoxication.
We modify the first part of the certified question to read:
We answer that question in the affirmative.
Having answered the first part of the question in the affirmative, we turn to the issue of whether exclusion of the breath test results was an appropriate remedy for the State’s failure to provide the documentation. Exclusion of evidence is a permissible sanction for the violation of a discovery rule. See Fla. R.Crim. P. 3.220(n)(l). But the sanction should be imposed only if no other remedy suffices. Miller v. State, 636 So. 2d 144, 149 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994).
If, during the course of the proceedings, it is brought to the attention of the trial court that the state has failed to comply with rule 3.220, the court must conduct a hearing to determine whether the state’s violation was inadvertent or willful, whether the violation was trivial or substantial, and, most importantly, what effect, if any, the violation had upon the ability of the defendant to prepare adequately for trial, (citation omitted).
Only after the court has made a sufficient inquiry into all of the surrounding circumstances may it exercise its discretion to determine whether the state’s noncompliance with the disclosure rule resulted in harm or prejudice to the defendant, thereby requiring the imposition of some sanction, such as exclusion of the evidence.
Lowery v. State, 610 So. 2d 657, 659 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992) (citing Richardson v. State, 246 So. 2d 771, 775 (Fla.1971)).
In the instant case, the State’s failure to comply with the order to produce frustrated the defendants’ quest to determine if the specific intoxilyzer used to test them had been substantially modified by the inclusion of parts that were not on the schematic of a machine approved by FDLE. Clearly, the State’s discovery violation caused prejudice and harm to the defendants’ ability to make a determination of the subject machine’s internal makeup. See, e.g., Miller v. State, 636 So. 2d at 149 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994); Hatcher v. State, 568 So. 2d 472, 475 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990). In this case, the State’s discovery violation prevented the defendants from properly preparing their cases for trial. See, e.g., Duarte v. State, 598 So. 2d 270, 271-72 (Fla. 3d DCA 1992). Accordingly, we answer the second part of the county court’s certified question in the affirmative and find the trial court was within its discretion in excluding the breath test results and remand for further proceedings.
AFFIRMED AND REMANDED.
GRIFFIN and PALMER, JJ., concur. . The Defendants sought to obtain the information through public records requests and court orders, but the State steadfastly asserts that the information is exempt from public disclosure.
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Dep't of Hwy. Safety & Motor Vehicles v. Berne, 49 So. 3d 779 (Fla. 5th DCA 2010)…-8.003. Under Florida’s “Implied Consent Law,” only approved breath testing machines may be used to establish impairment, and Florida Administrative Code Rule 11D-8.003 establishes the procedures for the approval of such machines. State v. Muldowny, 871 So. 2d 911, 913 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004). In order for an analysis of a person’s breath to be considered valid, the State must show that it was performed substantially according to the methods approved by the Department as reflected in the administrative rules and…
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USAA Cas. Ins. Co. v. Prime Care Chiropractic Ctrs., P.A., 93 So. 3d 345 (Fla. 2d DCA 2012)…COMPETENT COUNSEL? This court accepted jurisdiction of the appeal, and thus we are able to “decide all issues that would have been subject to appeal if the appeal had been taken to the circuit court.” Fla. R.App. P. 9.160(f)(1); State v. Muldowny, 871 So. 2d 911, 913 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004). “[T]he standard of review with respect to the application of a multiplier is one of abuse of discretion.” Holiday v. Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins., 864 So. 2d 1215, 1218 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004); see also Discovery Experimental & D…
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Previewing 3 of 20 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Richardson v. State, 246 So. 2d 771 (Fla. 1971)
- Sherwin James Miller v. State, 636 So. 2d 144 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994)
- State v. Polak, 598 So. 2d 150 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992)
- State v. Slaney, 653 So. 2d 422 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995)
- Hatcher v. State, 568 So. 2d 472 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990)
- Wilcox v. State, 598 So. 2d 270 (Fla. 3d DCA 1992)
- Lowery v. State, 610 So. 2d 657 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992)
- State v. Flood, 523 So. 2d 1180 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988)