OLGIERD SWIDA, PETITIONER,
v.
MARIA RAVENTOS, RESPONDENT
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A former husband petitioned for a writ of prohibition to prevent a trial judge from presiding over post-dissolution contempt proceedings. The court granted the writ, finding that the judge prejudged the contempt case by refusing to allow the husband to present any defense and relying on prior proceedings rather than the evidence at hand.
The court granted the writ of prohibition and ordered the case reassigned to a successor judge, concluding that the trial judge's refusal to allow the former husband to present his defense and her reliance on prior proceedings rather than current evidence demonstrated that she had prejudged the case and gave rise to a well-founded fear of bias.
[1] A judge must permit a party to present a defense to a motion for contempt.
[2] Refusal to allow a party to present evidence on a contempt motion creates a well-founded fear of not receiving a fair hearing.
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Establishes the core due process violation—the complete deprivation of the right to be heard
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WARNER, J.
The former husband petitions for a writ of prohibition to prevent the trial judge from continuing to preside over the post-dissolution proceedings. He filed a motion to recuse the trial judge after she denied him an opportunity to present any case at all on the former wife’s motion to hold him in contempt for failure to provide financial accountings with respect to certain non-marital assets. We agree and grant the writ.
The motion to recuse alleges, and the transcript of the hearing reveals, that at the hearing on the motion for contempt the judge refused to permit the former husband to present any defense at all on the motion. While the former wife’s attorney was allowed to fully examine the first witness, an accountant, the judge cut off cross-examination. Then the former wife called the former husband for a few short questions regarding documents he produced in connection with a particular business in which he had invested. When the former wife’s attorney had asked only a few questions, the time for the hearing had run. The former husband’s attorney requested to continue the hearing until the next week when more time had been set aside. Instead, the judge determined that she had sufficient knowledge of the case from prior proceedings and would hold the former husband in contempt. The judge stated that the former husband had not successfully explained his conduct, but his attorney rightfully pointed out that the court had not given him the opportunity to do so. Both an oral motion to recuse, followed by a timely written motion, were denied by the judge, prompting this petition for writ of prohibition.
Our recent case of Peterson v. Asklipious, 833 So. 2d 262 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002), is controlling. There, as here, the judge was hearing a motion for contempt against a former husband when he asked the contemnor’s counsel why he expected the judge to believe that he had no money when the judge had not believed him in the past. Counsel responded, but the court cut him off and, without hearing evidence, held the husband in contempt. We held that the trial judge’s comments gave the appellant a well-founded fear that he would not receive a fan-hearing before the judge. See 833 So. 2d at 264.
Here, the trial judge refused to permit the former husband to present any case with respect to the motion for contempt and instead determined that she knew more than the attorneys about what was transpiring, relying on prior hearings with the former husband, much as the court did in Peterson. This was sufficient to show that the trial court had prejudged the case. The judge did not give the former husband the opportunity to explain his conduct, even though that is his right and obligation when facing civil contempt. See Bowen v. Bowen, 471 So. 2d 1274, 1278-79 (Fla.1985) (noting defaulting party has the burden of dispelling presumption that he has ability to comply with order). Before hearing his side of the case, the judge stated that she had a “deep-seated suspicion” regarding the former husband’s conduct and that he had not explained himself. She ordered him to provide a “full accounting” of all of his business transactions within ten days or face jail.
We conclude that the motion to recuse was legally sufficient. We therefore grant the writ and direct that the case be assigned to a successor judge.
GROSS and MAY, JJ., concur.
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Williams v. Balch, 897 So. 2d 498 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)…e court made comments signaling a predisposition against Williams’ position before considering her evidence, Wargo v. Wargo, 669 So. 2d 1123 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996). See also Peterson v. Asklipious, 833 So. 2d 262 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002); Swida v. Raventos, 872 So. 2d 413 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004). We find further that the judge actively participated in the proceedings exceeding the role of neutral arbiter seeking information. Barrett v. Barrett, 851 So. 2d 799 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003). Of particular concern is that many of the…
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Castillo v. Marlen Castillo, 150 So. 3d 1255 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014)…ceiving a fair hearing on his legal claims. See Keating v. State, 110 So. 3d 538, 539-40 (Fla. 4th DCA [*1256] 2013); Wade v. Wade, 123 So. 3d 697, 698 (Fla. 3d DCA 2013). We direct this case to be reassigned to a successor judge. Swida v. Raventos, 872 So. 2d 413, 415 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004). We further vacate the trial court’s order granting respondent’s May 14, 2014 motion for temporary relief and attorney’s fees, as that order was entered subsequent to petitioner’s motion to disqualify the trial judge. Peters…
Authorities Cited
- Eugenia Bowen & the Fla. Dep't of Health & Rehabilitative Servs. v. Bowen, 471 So. 2d 1274 (Fla. 1985)
- Peterson v. Asklipious, 833 So. 2d 262 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)