BETTY BARBER, APPELLANT,
v.
RICHARD A. BARBER, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 2004-07-21
No. 3D03-2078
Before GERSTEN, GREEN, and SHEPHERD, JJ.
878 So. 2d 449 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (2004) Positive Treatment
Cited by 7 cases

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Synopsis

Betty Barber appeals a final judgment enforcing a mediated settlement agreement dividing marital assets. The court found the settlement agreement was entered into based on mutual mistake regarding asset value and reversed, directing rescission of the agreement to allow the parties to renegotiate with full knowledge of the facts.


Holding

The settlement agreement was entered into based on mutual mistake, and the trial court erred in not rescinding the agreement. A trial court has authority to rescind a contract between parties based on mutual mistake, and rescission is the appropriate remedy when both parties jointly seek it.


Headnotes

[1] A marital settlement agreement may be rescinded by a court upon a showing of mutual mistake.

[2] A court must interpret a contract to give a just and fair construction that effectuates justice between the parties.

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Key Quotes

“to give a just and fair construction or one which will effectuate justice between the two parties”

Establishes the standard for interpreting contracts to achieve equitable results between parties

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Facts & Procedural History

The parties entered into a mediated settlement agreement dividing marital assets in specified proportions. Between the mediation session and distribut…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

This is an appeal by a former wife of a final judgment enforcing a settlement agreement. The central issues below were (1) who should bear the risk of loss sustained because the value of an asset that the parties agreed, in their mediated settlement agreement, to divide in certain proportions diminished due to market conditions between the date of the mediation session and the date of the distribution of that asset; and (2) whether Ms. Barber breached the agreement by failing to provide information to Mr. Barber to enable him to complete the joint income tax returns that the parties agreed to file. After a lengthy, unnecessarily acrimonious evidentiary hearing, presided over by the trial judge with great aplomb and commendable restraint,1 the trial court made what amounted to be an equitable distribution of the reduced value of the asset, see Florida State Turnpike Authority v. Industrial Construction Co., 133 So. 2d 115, 117 (Fla. 2d DCA 1961) (holding that when a court interprets the language of a contract for intent of the parties, the court must aim “to give a just and fair construction or one which will effectuate justice between the two parties”), and reserved jurisdiction to determine the appropriate remedy for Ms. Barber’s failure to provide Mr. Barber with her income tax information so that he could prepare the joint income tax return for the parties for the year 2000.2

Post hearing, but prior to entry of the final judgment, the parties were asked to brief the legal issue of loss since the asset had declined in value. Remarkably, the former husband responded with a “Motion for Reformation of Agreement and Motion for Reconsideration,” and the former wife joined in the motion, albeit belatedly. The trial court disregarded and denied these joint motions.

On this appeal, the parties persuasively argue that their marital settlement agreement was entered into as a result of mutual mistake and jointly seek rescission of the agreement, representing to this court that there is a high likelihood of amicable resolution of this matter if they are given the opportunity to renegotiate their agreement with full knowledge of the mistaken facts. Upon review, we find that the settlement agreement was entered into based upon mutual mistake. It is within the purview of a trial court to rescind a contract between parties based upon mutual mistake. Braman Dodge v. Smith, 515 So. 2d 1053 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987). We further find that the trial court erred in not rescinding the marital settlement agreement on the evidence presented.

Reversed and remanded with directions.

. To demonstrate the degree of acrimony, Ms. Barber’s counsel at the hearing made a major issue about the form of quit claim deed that Mr. Barber signed to convey title to the former marital home to Ms. Barber, normally a simple prepared form document. Mr. Barber's attorney readily agreed to have his client sign whatever form of deed that was tendered that would fully effect the agreement of the parties. Conduct of this type ill fits the image of the bar or that of family lawyers, who should be problem-solvers and not problem creators.

. At the hearing, the wife also refused to represent whether or not she would sign the return if presented to her, despite her prior agreement to do so.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Moree v. Moree, 59 So. 3d 205 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011)
    …ng on the motion. In light of our decision, we do not address the other issues raised by the Husband.1 A marital settlement agreement may be set aside when it is entered into as a result of mutual mistake, coercion, or duress. See Barber v. Barber, 878 So. 2d 449, 451 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004) (rescinding marital settlement agreement entered into as a result of mutual mistake); Hieber v. Hieber, 151 So. 2d 646, 649 (Fla. 3d DCA 1963) (recognizing that the issue of mutual mistake is a factual matter to be resolved b…
  • Barber v. Barber, 911 So. 2d 245 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005)
    …PER CURIAM. The appeal before us follows a related appeal between the same parties, Barber v. Barber, 878 So. 2d 449 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004) (“Barber /”). In Barber I, this Court found that the parties’ marital settlement agreement was executed upon the mutual mistake of the parties and as a result, rescinded the agreement. Barber, 878 So. 2d at 451. The appeal current…
  • Lennar Homes, Inc. v. Dorta-Duque, 972 So. 2d 872 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007)
    …ty court in no way alters the agreement of the parties. Instead, the reformation only corrects the defective written instrument so that it accurately reflects the true terms of the agreement actually reached.”) (citations omitted); Barber v. Barber, 878 So. 2d 449, 451 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004). A review of the record does not indicate that Lennar ever made such a claim in the trial court nor did Lennar raise this issue on appeal. Courts may not rewrite or add to the terms of a written agreement between parties. Jac…

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