MARION SAPP, APPELLANT,
v.
BERMAN BROS. AND ET AL., APPELLEES

Fla. 1st DCA | 2004-10-15
No. 1D03-2730
ERVIN and ALLEN, JJ., concur.
884 So. 2d 1080 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2004) Caution
Cited by 12 cases

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Synopsis

Marion Sapp appealed a workers' compensation decision denying psychiatric treatment and additional temporary benefits. The Florida District Court of Appeal reversed the Judge of Compensation Claims' order, holding that stipulated psychiatric treatment cannot be overridden without competent substantial evidence of fraud or misrepresentation, and that lack of psychiatric work restrictions alone cannot justify denying temporary disability benefits when the claimant has not reached psychiatric maximum medical improvement.


Holding

The court held that the JCC erred in both respects. First, stipulations should not be set aside without showing fraud, overreaching, misrepresentation, or other grounds voiding the agreement, and the record did not support overriding the parties' stipulation to provide psychiatric treatment. Second, lack of psychiatric work restrictions cannot serve as the sole basis for denying temporary disability benefits when the claimant has not reached psychiatric MMI; the JCC must address whether the claimant met the burden of proving entitlement based on change in employment status due to the compensable injury.


Headnotes

[1] A Judge of Compensation Claims (JCC) is not required to follow a stipulation if it is refuted by competent substantial evidence.

[2] Stipulations should not be ignored or set aside without a showing of fraud, overreaching, misrepresentation, or some other basis that would void the agreement.

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Key Quotes

“A JCC is not required to follow a stipulation which is refuted by competent [*1082] substantial evidence (CSE).”

Establishes the general rule that stipulations are not absolute, but may be overridden only by competent substantial evidence.

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Facts & Procedural History

Marion Sapp, a workers' compensation claimant, suffered a compensable injury. Prior to the final merits hearing, both Sapp and the Employer/Carrier st…

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Opinion of the Court
HAWKES, J.

HAWKES, J.

Marion Sapp, the claimant, appeals the Judge of Compensation Claims’ (JCC) order denying him psychiatric treatment and additional temporary benefits. Only two issues merit discussion. The first issue is whether the JCC erred by denying the claim for psychiatric treatment when both the claimant and the Employer/Carrier (E/C) stipulated to providing the claimant with such treatment prior to the final merits hearing. The second issue is whether the JCC erred by denying the claimant’s request for additional temporary benefits because the claimant had not yet reached overall maximum medical improvement (MMI). We reverse and remand.

Stipulation to Psychiatric Treatment

“A JCC is not required to follow a stipulation which is refuted by competent substantial evidence (CSE).”1 Jacobs v. Volker Stevin Constr., et al., 609 So. 2d 132, 133 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992) (citation omitted). However, stipulations should not be ignored or set aside, without a showing of fraud, overreaching, misrepresentation, or some other basis that would void the agreement. See Williams v. Kraft, Inc., 585 So. 2d 1120, 1121 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991).

Prior to the hearing, the JCC noted the E/C stipulated the claimant could receive some psychiatric treatment. During the E/C’s opening statement, the E/C mentioned such treatment would be provided by a specified psychiatrist, who had previously treated the claimant. The JCC’s order noted the psychiatrist felt the claimant had not reached psychiatric MMI. However, the JCC was concerned that while the psychiatrist recommended further treatment, he did not specifically say “psychiatric” treatment. The JCC found the psychiatrist’s testimony did not constitute CSE, and denied the claim for psychiatric treatment.

There is no evidence of fraud, overreaching, or misrepresentation, by either party in obtaining the stipulation to providing psychiatric treatment. There is no indication the stipulation was overridden by CSE, and, in fact, it seems CSE supports the claim. Because the JCC erred by overriding the stipulation, that portion of the order is reversed, and on remand, the JCC shall enter an order awarding psychiatric treatment to the claimant.

Lack of Psychiatric Work Restrictions is Not Dispositive

Where a claimant has reached physical MMI and has physical work restrictions, but has not reached psychiatric MMI, a JCC cannot deny a claim for temporary disability benefits, based solely on the lack of psychiatric work restrictions. See Rojas v. United Sheet Metal, 832 So. 2d 174, 175 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002). See also Greber v. Tallahassee Dev. Center, 778 So. 2d 999, 1000 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000) (claimant cannot be denied temporary benefits unless there is CSE of both physical and psychiatric MMI).

After noting the psychiatrist found the claimant had not yet reached psychiatric MMI, the JCC denied additional benefits because she found no record evidence the claimant was unable to work due to a work related psychiatric condition. Because the claimant had not yet reached psychiatric MMI, and because a lack of psychiatric work restrictions does not per se preclude an award of benefits, the JCC erred by denying the claim for additional temporary benefits on this ground alone. Due to this erroneous finding, the JCC did not address whether the claimant met his burden of proving entitlement to benefits based “upon a change in employment status due to a compensable injury.” Publix Supermarket, Inc. v. Hart, 609 So. 2d 1342, 1343 (Fla. 1st DCA 1992). We reverse that portion of the order and remand for the JCC to make such a determination.

We affirm the JCC’s order on all other issues without discussion.

AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and REMANDED with instructions.

ERVIN and ALLEN, JJ., concur. . Stipulations are enforceable when dictated on the record, as here, but may be abrogated if they appear manifestly contrary to the evidence. See Fla. R. Work. Comp. P. 4.142(b)(2) (2002), and Fla. R. Work. Comp. P. 4.142(e) (2002).


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Citator

Cited By

  • Simeon Salinas v. C.A.T. Concrete, LLC, 46 So. 3d 600 (Fla. 1st DCA 2010)
    …. Sapp v. Berman Bros. is in-apposite to the present matter because that case applied the well-known rule that stipulations may be set aside upon a showing of fraud, overreaching, misrepresentation, or some other basis that would void the agreement. 884 So. 2d 1080, 1082 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004). These situations do not appear in the present case, and no party to this litigation has ever sought to avoid the agreement. Of course, even in [*604] those limited cases where a JCC may countenance abrogation of the stipul…
    1 / 2
  • …124(1), and when fees are agreed upon, in the absence of some indicia of fraud, overreaching, or facts which indicate the stipulation is against the manifest weight of the evidence, such a stipulation is binding on the JCC. See Sapp v. Berman Bros., 884 So. 2d 1080 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004).…
  • Salzman v. Eli Reyes, 198 So. 3d 1068 (Fla. 1st DCA 2016)
    …es’ stipulation where CSE supports contrary: finding)). “However, stipulations should not be ignored or set aside, without a showing of fraud, overreaching, misrepresentation, or some other basis that would void the agreement.” Sapp v. Berman Bros., 884 So. 2d 1080 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004) (citing Williams v. Kraft, Inc., 585 So. 2d 1120, 1121 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991)). Thus, in order to reject the parties’ stipulation here, the JCC was required to find some basis beyond a finding that Appellant did not present sufficie…

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