S.P., THE MOTHER, APPELLANT,
v.
DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
A sixteen-year-old mother in foster care sought reunification with her child after completing her court-ordered case plan. The trial court denied reunification despite finding she had substantially complied with all tasks, and the appellate court reversed, holding that the denial lacked adequate factual findings to support the conclusion that reunification would be detrimental to the child.
The court reversed the denial of reunification, holding that a trial court must make specific findings supported by competent substantial evidence to justify denying reunification when a parent has substantially complied with the case plan. The trial court's vague reference to a "full review" without citing objective evidence or the record was insufficient to support its conclusion that the child could not safely reside with S.P.
[1] A court must have competent substantial evidence to support an order determining permanency.
[2] A child may be returned to a parent's custody if the parent has substantially complied with the case plan and reunification will not be detrimental to the child's safety,…
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“The court shall return the child to the custody of the parents at any time it determines that they have substantially complied with the case plan, if the court is satisfied that reunification will not be detrimental to the child's safety, well-being, and physical, mental, and emotional health.”
Establishes the statutory standard for reunification that requires both substantial compliance with case plan and a finding that reunification will not be detrimental to the child.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceS.P. was a sixteen-year-old in foster care when she gave birth to a baby boy in February 2002. DCF removed the child and placed him with the paternal …
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Motion For Reunification cases and more on FLexlaw
SHAHOOD, J.
S.P. was sixteen years old and in foster care when she became pregnant. The baby was born on February 19, 2002. The following day, The Department of Children and Families (DCF) filed an Affidavit and Petition for Placement in Shelter, alleging that S.P. was in foster care, had no income, and had run away from her foster home twice during her pregnancy. The court granted the-petition, removed the baby from S.P., and placed him in shelter with the paternal grandmother. Shortly thereafter, DCF filed a petition for dependency based on the same allegations. Following a disposition hearing, the baby was adjudicated dependent and a case plan was accepted. The goal was reunification with S.P. by January 31, 2003. Pursuant to the plan, S.P. was required to complete a parenting class, comply with a Developmental Services Support Plan, continue her education goals and maintain a stable environment. The plan was later amended to require individual counseling.
S.P. did not fully comply with the case plan by the goal date, but the court found that she was working toward completing the tasks. Thereafter, several permanency hearings took place to review the status and, each time, the court granted case plan extensions. Following a hearing in November 2003, a general master found that S.P. had not substantially complied with the ease plan, “but has completed all tasks.” The general master further noted, “the court is concerned about the mother’s stability” and recommended extending the case plan goal “due to the mother’s stability as evidenced by behavior in the foster home.”
Thereafter, several additional permanency hearings and evaluations took place. Each time it was noted that S.P. was not in substantial compliance with her case plan, either because she had not shown stability or had not completed her individual counseling. Extensions were granted through April 2004, with visitations going from supervised to unsupervised and back based on S.P.’s behavior. In June 2004, the court again found S.P. not to be in substantial compliance, approved a case plan goal of long-term care with a relative, and changed S.P.’s visits back to supervised.
In November 2004, S.P. filed a Motion for Reunification. In the petition, she stated that she had graduated from high school, completed her parenting class, ob tained an apartment, was receiving social security . income, and was participating in individual counseling. She also had a life coach from Developmental Services who was assisting and supporting her. In response, DCF filed a motion to terminate protective supervision. The only allegation in support of the motion was that permanency had been achieved for the child under the supervision of his paternal grandmother. Evidence at the hearing showed that the baby -was a healthy, two-year-old. S.P. regularly visited the child and he was always happy to see her. S.P. had successfully completed her parenting classes and was “working towards completing her individual counseling.” S.P. had obtained a two-bedroom apartment, was receiving income from the state, and would soon be receiving Independent Living Scholarship money when she started school. Her life coach testified that S.P. was making a lot of progress, was regularly seeing her psychiatrist and taking her medications, was working with Vocation Rehabilitation Services to obtain a job, and was in school working for her child care certificate. DCF acknowledged SJP.’s progress, but pointed out a letter from her therapist who recommended additional individual therapy “to permit [S.P.] to gain a little more maturity.”
The trial court found as follows:
I don’t believe that the child can safely reside with Mom on a full-time basis at this time. Maybe in the future, but certainly not now. Not based on a full review of this case and the information that I’ve seen.
The court denied the motion for reunification and granted DCF’s motion to terminate protective supervision.
Section 39.701(8)(b), Florida Statutes (2002) states:
The court shall return the child to the custody of the parents at any time it determines that They have" substantially complied with the case plan, if the court is satisfied' that reunification will not be detrimental to the child’s safety, well-being, and physical, mental, and emotional health.
An order determining permanency based on this statute must be supported by competent substantial evidence. See T.F. v. Dep’t of Children & Family Servs., 881 So. 2d 702, 703 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004).
In this case, the evidence showed that S.P. had completed all of her tasks and was attending counseling as required. In fact, her attorney told the court "that S.P. did not know what else she' could' do to comply with the plan because she had done everything required of her. Despite S.P.’s apparent substantial compliance with her case plan, the trial court denied her petition for reunification. The trial court did not make findings to support the conclusion that the child could not safely reside with S.P. In In re H.H., 865 So. 2d 634, 635 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)(citing B.D.E. v. Dep’t of Children & Family Servs., 829 So. 2d 359 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002)), the court held:
[E]ven where the trial court’s finding regarding compliance is not supported by competent, substantial evidence, long-term placement can be affirmed if the trial court’s order, on objectively reasonable grounds, makes a finding that reunification would be detrimental to the child’s safety, well-being, and ' physical, mental, and emotional health.
The only evidence in the record in this case which weighed against reunification was S.P.’s therapist’s concern that placement of the child with S.P. might be overwhelming for her. The trial court did not cite this evidence in support of its decision, but stated only that it was based on a “full review of this case” and information the court had seen. The court explained that “this has been a case where I’ve extended and extended and extended with the anticipation that we’d be a lot further along in our progress at this point. I’m not going to’ extend it anymore.”
There was no objective evidence to support a finding that living with S.P. would be unsafe for the child. Although the court referenced some notes, they are not in the record. Accordingly, we reverse the order denying S.P.’s motion for reunification, terminating - long-term supervision, and permanently, placing the. child with the paternal grandmother-We.remand for the trial court to make findings to support the conclusion that S.P. cannot provide a safe environment for the child.
REVERSED and Remanded with directions.
STEVENSON and GROSS, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
-
S.P. v. Fla. Dep't of Child. & Fam. Servs., 17 So. 3d 878 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009)…ht by appeal; reversing and remanding for reunification unless the trial court determined on remand, upon sufficient factual findings, that reunification would endanger the child’s safety, health or well-being); S.P. v. Dep’t of Children & Families, 904 So. 2d 615 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (reviewing denial of motion for reunification sought by appeal; reversing and remanding for factual findings); R.F. v. Dep’t of Children & Families, 844 So. 2d 821 (Fla. 5th DCA 2003) (reviewing denial of motion for reunification…
Authorities Cited
- In the Interest of H.H. and R.W. v. Dep't of Child. & Fam. Servs., 865 So. 2d 634 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
- B.D.E. v. Dep't OF Child. & Fam. Servs. & T.M., 829 So. 2d 359 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002)
- T.F. v. Dep't of Child. & Fam. Servs., 881 So. 2d 702 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004)