WILLIAM D. COSBY, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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William Cosby appeals his sentencing for grand theft third degree, arguing an incorrect sentencing scoresheet was used. The trial court improperly scored the offense as dealing in stolen property (level 5, 28 points) rather than grand theft third degree (level 2, 10 points), resulting in a 19.2-point overstatement that inflated his minimum sentence from a non-prison sanction to 23.25 months. The court reverses and remands for resentencing with the correct scoresheet.
A scoresheet error requires resentencing unless it can be conclusively shown beyond a reasonable doubt that the same sentence would have been imposed using the correct scoresheet. Here, the record does not conclusively demonstrate the trial court would have imposed the same sentence with the correct scoresheet, as the difference between a minimum of 23.25 months and any non-state prison sanction is substantial and the sentencing transcript does not address this scenario.
[1] A sentencing scoresheet error requires resentencing unless it can be conclusively shown that the same sentence would have been imposed using a correct scoresheet.
[2] The harmlessness of a scoresheet error must be determined beyond a reasonable doubt.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“it is essential for the trial court to have the benefit of a properly calculated scoresheet when deciding upon a sentence.”
Establishes the foundational principle that scoresheet accuracy is critical to proper sentencing.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceCosby was charged with dealing in stolen property and grand theft third degree. The trial court granted Cosby's motion for judgment of acquittal on th…
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THOMPSON, J.
William Daniel Cosby timely appeals his sentence for grand theft third degree. He contends he should be resentenced because an incorrect sentencing scoresheet was used at his sentencing. We agree and reverse and remand for resentencing.
The State charged Cosby with two counts of larceny: Count I, dealing in stolen property1 and Count II, grand theft third degree.2 At the conclusion of the State’s case, the trial court granted Cosby’s motion for judgment of acquittal on Count I, dealing in stolen property.
The jury found Cosby guilty of Count II, grand theft third degree. Cosby’s sentencing scoresheet showed 59 points.
The trial court sentenced Cosby to four years’ incarceration, consecutive to any other offense he was serving. Unfortunately, the score-sheet submitted to the judge indicated that the primary offense was dealing in stolen property, a level 5 offense scoring 28 points. Grand theft third degree is only a level 2 offense, scoring 10 points. As a result, Cosby’s score was incorrect by 19.2 points. The incorrect scoresheet indicated that Cosby’s lowest permissible prison sentence was 23.25 months. Under a corrected scoresheet, Cosby would have been entitled to any non-state prison sanction.
At sentencing, Cosby’s defense counsel did not offer any additions, corrections, or revisions to the 59 points on the score-sheet. The court sentenced Cosby to four years’ incarceration and ordered restitution and payment of court costs and fees. After the court ordered the sentence to be served consecutive to other sentences being served, Cosby pointed out that he was already serving three consecutive sentences of three years each for other convictions. The trial court reaffirmed its ruling. Pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(b), Cosby moved to correct sentence based on the incorrect score-sheet. The court heard and denied the motion. Cosby appeals from this decision.
The Florida Supreme Court has written that “it is essential for the trial court to have the benefit of a properly calculated scoresheet when deciding upon a sentence.” State v. Anderson, 905 So. 2d 111, 118 (Fla.2005).
Accordingly, it approved the “would-have-been imposed” test for scoresheet error raised on direct appeal or by motion under rule 3.850, Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure. Id. at 112.
Under this test, a scoresheet error requires resentencing unless it can be conclusively shown that the same sentence would have been imposed using the correct scoresheet. Anderson v. State, 865 So. 2d 640, 642 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004), approved, 905 So. 2d 111 (Fla.2005); Walker v. State, 880 So. 2d 1262, 1265 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004).
Whether the court could have imposed the sentence without departing from a score-sheet is irrelevant. To determine whether the error is harmless, State v. DiGuilio, 491 So. 2d 1129 (Fla.1986), this court must examine the record and determine beyond a reasonable doubt that the trial court would have imposed the same sentence. Colon v. State, 909 So. 2d 484 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005); Annunziata v. State, 697 So. 2d 997, 999 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997).
Further, the trial court’s denial of Cosby’s 3.800(b) 'motion does not implicate the speculation, subjectivity, and finality concerns addressed by the supreme court while discussing rule 3.800(a) motions because Cosby’s motion was filed within the two-year time limit for rule 3.850 motions. See Anderson, 905 So. 2d at 118.
Courts have been exceedingly cautious in affirming sentences based upon inaccurate scoresheets. In Frazier v. State, 912 So. 2d 54 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005), the defendant had been sentenced to 144 months’ (12 years’) incarceration. The original scoresheet indicated that her minimum sentence was 83 months (6.9 years). The correct scoresheet indicated 74.5 months (6.2 years). The court held that the relatively small error may have led the judge to impose a lower sentence. Id. Accordingly, it remanded “for either the attachment of conclusive record proof that the same sentence of 12 years would have been imposed, or for re-sentencing with a corrected scoresheet.” Id.
This court has remanded cases for re-sentencing even where a two-point error did not change the sentencing range:
If the 2.0 points for prior record were deleted from Stallings’ scoresheet, he would have 40.2 total points rather than 42.2 total points. The scoresheet provides that when the points are less than 44, which they would be in either instance, the lowest permissible sentence is any non-state prison sanction. Stall-ings did receive a non-state prison sentence; however, there was a significant range within which the judge could choose to sentence and the number of points logically might affect the judge’s selection within the range.
* * *
There is, in short, no indication whether Stallings’ sentence would have been any different if the 2.0 points ... had not been included on the scoresheet. However, because criminal defendants should be sentenced using a correct scoresheet, and we cannot be sure that the lower score would not have affected the sentencing decision, we reverse and remand for the trial court to resentence Stallings using a corrected scoresheet. We are unwilling to say that any error in a score below 44 points would be harmless simply because the same sentencing range applies.
Stallings v. State, 876 So. 2d 686, 687-688 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004).
Similarly, even the trial court’s denial of the defendant’s request for resentencing does not conclusively demonstrate that the trial court would have given the same sentence with the correct scoresheet. See Corona v. State, 906 So. 2d 1202 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (holding appellant was entitled to be resentenced because the record did not conclusively demonstrate that the trial court would have given the same sentence had it known the correct score).
In this case, the portion of the transcript addressing sentencing does not conclusively demonstrate that the trial judge would have imposed the same sentence with a correct scoresheet. Cf. McCoy v. State, 876 So. 2d 1243, 1243 & n. 1 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004) (describing the objectives the trial court expected the defendant to meet during his 360-month sentence).
According to the incorrect scoresheet, Cosby’s minimum sentence was 23.25 months.
However, under a correct score-sheet, his lowest permissible sentence was any non-state prison sanction. With no citation to support its position, the State argues that the trial court’s election of a consecutive sentence and denial of Cosby’s motion for resentencing indicate that the court may well have imposed the same sentence if it had a corrected scoresheet.
Nevertheless, we cannot affirm the sentence unless we speculate the trial court possibly or probably would have imposed the same sentence. Rather, to sustain the sentence imposed, using the test required by the supreme court, see Anderson, this court must conclude beyond a reasonable doubt that the trial court would have imposed the same sentence. Colon; Annunziata, 697 So. 2d at 999.
The record in this case does not justify that conclusion.
Therefore, we conclude Cosby should be resentenced using a corrected scoresheet.
Therefore, we REVERSE and REMAND so that the trial court may sentence Cosby using the corrected score-sheet.
SHARP, W. and MONACO, JJ., concur. . § 812.019(1), Fla. Stat. (2003).
. § 812.014(2), Fla. Stat. (2003).
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Bentz Boursiquot v. State, 929 So. 2d 673 (Fla. 5th DCA 2006)…PER CURIAM. AFFIRMED. See Cosby v. State, 913 So. 2d 93 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005) (scoresheet errors do not require resentencing where it is conclusively shown from the record that the same sentence would have been imposed using the correct scoresheet). GRIFFIN, PALMER, and LAWSON, JJ., concur.…
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Lewis v. State, 952 So. 2d 1271 (Fla. 5th DCA 2007)…e sentencing scoresheet, it was harmless error. "To determine whether the error is harmless, ... this [Cjourt must examine the record and determine beyond a reasonable doubt that the trial court would have imposed the same sentence.” Cosby v. State, 913 So. 2d 93, 94 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005) (citing State v. DiGuilio, 491 So. 2d 1129 (Fla.1986)). Based on Mr. Lewis's score with both enhancements, the lowest permissible sentence in prison was 144.375 months (12.03 years). The trial court departed from this sentenc…
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Morse v. State, 169 So. 3d 1257 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015)…lated scoresheet when deciding upon a sentence”). In Anderson, the Florida Supreme Court “approved the ‘would have been imposed’ test for scoresheet error raised on direct appeal or by motion under rule 3.850” to show harmless error. Cosby v. State, 913 So. 2d 93, 94 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005) (quoting Anderson, 905 So. 2d at 112). Here, “the error is not harmless because [Appellant] was sentenced to the lowest permissible sentence under the incorrectly calculated scoresheet and nothing in the record conclusively…
Authorities Cited
- State v. DiGUILIO, 491 So. 2d 1129 (Fla. 1986)
- State v. Anderson, 905 So. 2d 111 (Fla. 2005)
- Anderson v. State, 865 So. 2d 640 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
- Colon v. State, 909 So. 2d 484 (Fla. 5th DCA 2005)
- Carmine Annunziata v. State, 697 So. 2d 997 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997)
- Walker v. State, 880 So. 2d 1262 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004)
- Frazier v. State, 912 So. 2d 54 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)
- Stallings v. State, 876 So. 2d 686 (Fla. 5th DCA 2004)
- McCOY v. State, 876 So. 2d 1243 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004)
- Corona v. State, 906 So. 2d 1202 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)