STEVIE LENNON SCOTT, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 2006-02-08
No. 3D04-1455
Before COPE, C J., and GERSTEN and SUAREZ, JJ.
920 So. 2d 698 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (2006) Caution
Cited by 16 cases

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Holding

The court held that the trial court erred in denying a peremptory challenge to a juror who expressed a tendency to believe police officers' testimony, as the reason for the strike was race-neutral and genuine.


Headnotes

[1] An issue regarding the denial of a peremptory challenge is preserved for appellate review when the trial court and the State are not misled into believing the issue is ab…

[2] A trial court must follow a three-step procedure when evaluating a challenge to a peremptory strike of a prospective juror.

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Facts & Procedural History

The defendant attempted to exercise a peremptory challenge against a juror who appeared biased in favor of police officers. The trial court denied the…

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Opinion of the Court
SUAREZ, J.

SUAREZ, J.

Stevie Lennon Scott seeks a new trial based on the trial court’s denial of a peremptory challenge of a seated juror. We reverse and remand for a new trial.

The defendant asserts that the trial court erred by denying his peremptory challenge of a juror who appeared biased in favor of police officers. The State argues that the issue is unpreserved, and that the defendant’s reason for attempting to strike the Hispanic juror was pretextual.

First, this issue is preserved for appellate review. As a general matter, counsel must renew an objection to the seating of a juror before tendering the panel. Joiner v. State, 618 So. 2d 174 (Fla.1993). If counsel was not required to renew an objection before accepting a panel, a defendant “could proceed to trial before a jury he unqualifiedly accepted, knowing that in the event of an unfavorable verdict, he would hold a trump card entitling him to a new trial.” Joiner v. State, 618 So. 2d at 176.

In the instant case, the issue is preserved despite defense counsel’s failure to specifically renew his objection before accepting the panel. The record reveals that it was clear to the trial court and the State that defense counsel was not abandoning his objection. When the defense attempted to strike the juror, the court re-called the juror, subjected him to additional questioning, had the court reporter read his earlier voir dire responses aloud, and entertained argument from counsel. After the court denied the peremptory challenge, it twice assured defense counsel that the objection was preserved for the record. Defense counsel accepted the panel just a few transcript pages after the court asked if there was any other business that needed to be addressed. In these specific circumstances, “neither the state nor the court was misled into a belief that the voir dire issue was being abandoned by failing to renew it.” Ingrassia v. State, 902 So. 2d 367, 359 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005); see also Langon v. State, 636 So. 2d 578 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994) (same); Meade v. State, 867 So. 2d 1215 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004)(issue was preserved where the defense accepted the jury subject to its previous objections).

The defendant is entitled to a new trial because the court erroneously denied the peremptory challenge at issue. Melbourne v. State, 679 So. 2d 759 (Fla.1996), and its progeny set forth the following procedure for challenging peremptory strikes of prospective jurors:

(1) the objecting party must make a timely objection, must show that the venire person is a member of a distinct racial group, and must request that the court ask the striking party the reasons for the strike; (2) if the first step is met, the court must ask the proponent of the strike to explain the reason for the strike; and (3) if the reason given is facially race-neutral and the court believes that given all the .circumstances surrounding the strike, the explanation is not pretext, the strike will be sustained. In the third step, the court’s focus is on the genuineness of the explanation, not its reasonableness.

Jeffries v. State, 797 So. 2d 573, 580 (Fla.2001).

A trial court’s genuineness inquiry involves consideration of factors which tend to show whether the proffered reason is pretextual. State v. Slappy, 522 So. 2d 18, 22 (Fla.1988). On appeal, a reviewing court must be mindful of two guiding principles: “peremptory challenges are presumed to be exercised in a nondiscriminatory manner, and the trial court’s decision, which turns primarily on an assessment of credibility, will be affirmed on appeal unless dearly erroneous.” Jeffries, 797 So. 2d at 579.

The defense stated a race-neutral reason for excusing the juror. That is, that the juror’s voir dire responses indicate that the juror may tend to assume that police officers testify truthfully. The juror’s voir dire responses support the genuineness of defense counsel’s explanation. The juror stated that officers “would be telling most of the possible truth,” and that “[i]f there is nothing contradictory and there is no reasonable doubt, I should accept” an officer’s testimony. When the trial court recalled the juror in order to have his response clarified, he denied that he would give a police officer immediate credibility, but agreed with the statement that “most police officers who testify will tell the truth.” The record reveals that none of the Slappy factors indicating pretext is present. As the defense provided a race-neutral, genuine, and non-pretextual reason for striking the juror, the trial court erred by denying the peremptory challenge.

Reversed and remanded for a new trial.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Lidiano v. State, 967 So. 2d 972 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007)
    …to engage in the genuineness analysis, the third step in Melbourne. Melbourne, 679 So. 2d at 764. “A trial court’s genuineness inquiry involves consideration of factors which tend to show whether the proffered reason is pretextual.” Scott v. State, 920 So. 2d 698, 700 (Fla. 3d. DCA 2006). The relevant circumstances that the trial court is to consider in determining whether the explanation is pretextual include factors such as the “racial make-up of the venire; prior strikes exercised against the same racial…
    1 / 2
  • Carrillo v. State, 962 So. 2d 1013 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007)
    …d 533, 536 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001). See also Davis v. State, 691 So. 2d 1180, 1183 (Fla. 3d DCA 1997). “A trial court’s genuineness inquiry involves consideration of factors which tend to show whether the proffered reason is pre-textual.” Scott v. State, 920 So. 2d 698, 700 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006). In deciding this issue, courts have considered the following relevant circumstances: the makeup of the venire, prior strikes exercised against the same racial group, a strike based on a reason equally applicable to an unchal…
  • Baccari v. State, 145 So. 3d 958 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014)
    …llate courts have found objections to the denial of peremptory strikes to be preserved in criminal cases where the trial court makes assurances that the defendant’s objection is preserved before the jury is impaneled. For example, in Scott v. State, 920 So. 2d 698, 700 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006), “the defense attempted to strike the juror, the court re-called the juror, subjected him to additional questioning, had the court reporter read his earlier voir dire responses aloud, and entertained argument from counsel.” A…

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