STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
SHAWN STRAWSER, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 2006-02-08
No. 4D05-976
KLEIN, J., and REYES, ISRAEL, Associate Judge, concur.
921 So. 2d 705 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (2006) Positive Treatment
Cited by 21 cases

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Holding

The court held that a downward departure sentence was permissible even if not all elements of a specific statutory mitigator were met, provided other valid reasons supported the departure.


Headnotes

[1] A downward departure sentence may be supported by factors beyond those specifically enumerated in the statutory list of permissible mitigation.

[2] When relying solely on the statutory mitigator that an offense was committed in an unsophisticated manner and was an isolated incident for which the defendant has shown r…

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Facts & Procedural History

Shawn Strawser pleaded nolo contendere to sexual battery and lewd and lascivious molestation. The trial court imposed a downward departure sentence, c…

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Opinion of the Court
STONE, J.

STONE, J.

The state appeals a downward departure sentence imposed on Shawn Strawser upon an open plea of nolo contendere to the crimes of sexual battery upon a child less than twelve years of age and lewd and lascivious molestation. Strawser, either fifteen or sixteen years old at the time of the offenses, was tried as an adult. The victims were his younger sister’s playmates.

Extensive testimony was taken at sentencing, including that of an expert in the field of sex offender treatment, who described Strawser’s motivations, treatment, and prognosis. Additional defense witnesses included Strawser’s probation officer from the pre-trial release program, persons with extensive experience in preparing pre-sentence investigation reports, and Strawser. The trial court also considered adverse testimony by the state’s witnesses; some supported the state’s call for a 49 year guidelines prison sentence, and others suggested only that the sentence should include at least some time in prison in addition to probation.

Section 921.0026(2), Florida Statutes, contains a non-exhaustive list of miti- gators.1 One of these is (j), “The offense was committed in an unsophisticated manner and was an isolated incident for which the defendant has shown remorse.” When the trial court relies solely on this mitigator, all three elements must be shown. State v. Cooper, 889 So. 2d 119, 119 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004). The trial judge, in accordance with the requirements of a downward departure utilizing section 921.0026(2)(j), found that Strawser, who had previously admitted to all offenses as charged, was remorseful and that the conduct was done in an unsophisticated manner. The trial court failed to explicitly articulate a finding on the “isolated incident” aspect of section 921.0026(2)(j); however, the court did comment on Strawser’s lack of criminal record and his age and immaturity at the time of the crimes. The trial court also noted that the recommendations of the arresting detective and the pre-trial release officer were for a strictly probationary sentence.

The court sentenced Strawser to fifteen months in prison, followed by seventy-five months of sex offender probation for each of the counts and declared him a sexual predator. We note that this sentence is not substantially unlike that available under the Florida Youthful Offender Act, sections 958.011-958.15, Florida Statutes.

Our review of a downward departure decision is based upon a two part process. The first prong, whether the court can depart, “is a mixed question of law and fact and will be sustained on review if the court applied the right rule of law and if competent substantial evidence supports its ruling.” Banks v. State, 732 So. 2d 1065, 1067 (Fla.1999). The level of proof necessary to establish facts supporting a departure is a preponderance of the evidence. § 921.001(4)(a)(6), Fla. Stat. We assess the record evidence for its sufficiency only, not its weight. Banks, 732 So. 2d at 1067.

We recognize that, as there were multiple incidents involving one of the victims over a period of several months, the isolated incident aspect of subsection (j) has not been met. We need not resolve the substantial disagreement as to what constitutes “isolated incidents,” as the record reflects additional support for mitigating beyond the factors in subsection (2)(j). There is testimony in the record, accepted by the trial court, concerning Strawser’s youth, remorse, and immaturity to support the trial court’s finding that the abuse was committed in an unsophisticated manner and reflected immaturity. There is also evidence of his lack of prior criminal history.

We recognize that this court, in Staffney v. State, 826 So. 2d 509 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002), reversed a downward departure reasoned on subsection (2)(j), where there was not record support for all three factors in (2)(j).

Here, however, the trial court’s departure need not rest solely upon the factors in subsection (2)(j). Section 921.0026, although listing permissible factors that the trial court may consider, also clearly reflects the legislative intent that permissible mitigation below the guidelines is “not limited to” those grounds specifically listed.

We also note that, while age alone is not a valid reason to depart, age, coupled with immaturity or the inability to appreciate the consequences of an offense, may be a valid reason to depart. State v. Ashley, 549 So. 2d 226, 226 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989). Here, taken as a whole, the record reflects the required support for the downward departure. We cannot say that the sentence is an abuse of trial court discretion and, therefore, the judgment and sentence are affirmed.

KLEIN, J., and REYES, ISRAEL, Associate Judge, concur. . Section 921.0016(4), titled "Recommended sentences; departure sentences; aggravating and mitigating circumstances," includes the same non-exhaustive list.


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Citator

Cited By (11 total)

  • State v. Noe Salgado, 948 So. 2d 12 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006)
    …o. 2d 1052, 1057 (Fla. 5th DCA 2006)(“A11 three elements must exist to justify departure; the offense must have been isolated, committed in an unsophisticated manner, and one for which ‘the defendant had shown remorse.”); see also State v. Strawser, 921 So. 2d 705, 707 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006); State v. Perez-Gonzalez, 884 So. 2d 1031 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004). As the record does not contain competent substantial evidence which would support a finding that the charged offenses were committed in an unsophisticated manner,…
  • Eleazar Laroy Johnson v. State, 948 So. 2d 1014 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007)
    …that the offense was committed in "an unsophisticated manner and was an isolated incident for which the defendant has shown remorse.” In such an instance, a court may properly consider the defendant's remorse for the offense. See State v. Strawser, 921 So. 2d 705 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006); State v. Perez-Gonzalez, 884 So. 2d 1031 (Fla. 3d DCA 2004). The record before us, however, reflects that Johnson and his counsel never sought a mitigated sentence pursuant to this subsection. Rather, they sought a downward depa…
  • Ferin Bellamy v. State, 199 So. 3d 480 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016)
    …ed by case law. An offense is not isolated if a defendant has an extensive prior criminal record. See State v. Waterman, 12 So. 3d 1265, 1268 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). An offense also is not isolated if involves multiple incidents. See State v. Strawser, 921 So. 2d 705, 707 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006). Here, the trial court did not consider either of these factors in its analysis. Finally, the' trial court considered whether the offense was committed in an unsophisticated manner. Courts have defined a crime as unsophisti…

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