REGINALD MCCRAY, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 2006-07-18
No. 1D06-0820
ERVIN, WEBSTER, and HAWKES, JJ., concur.
933 So. 2d 1226 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2006) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

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Synopsis

Reginald McCray appealed the denial of his post-conviction motion alleging prosecutorial misconduct through perjured testimony and ineffective assistance of counsel. The First District Court of Appeal reversed in part and remanded for evidentiary hearings on his newly discovered evidence claim (victim recantation) and ineffective assistance claim (failure to call a witness), while affirming the summary denial of remaining issues.


Holding

The court held that while prosecutorial misconduct claims are not cognizable under rule 3.850, McCray's claim properly reframed as newly discovered evidence requires an evidentiary hearing because the victim's recantation is not inherently incredible and is material. The court also held that McCray stated a facially sufficient ineffective assistance claim and reversed summary denial because the trial court's conclusion that counsel made a tactical decision was not conclusively refuted by the record.


Headnotes

[1] A claim of prosecutorial misconduct based on the knowing use of perjured testimony is not a cognizable claim for post-conviction relief under Rule 3.850.

[2] A claim of newly discovered evidence, such as a victim's recantation of trial testimony, is a proper subject for a Rule 3.850 motion.

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Key Quotes

“Because a prosecutorial misconduct claim may and should be raised on direct appeal, it is not a cognizable claim for purposes of rule 3.850.”

Establishes that pure prosecutorial misconduct is not a proper rule 3.850 issue, but reframing as newly discovered evidence is cognizable.

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Facts & Procedural History

McCray was convicted by jury of burglary of a dwelling with persons assaulted and aggravated battery with great bodily harm. He filed a post-convictio…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Appellant seeks review of an order denying his motion for post-conviction relief filed pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850. Appellant was convicted following a jury trial of burglary of a dwelling with persons assaulted and aggravated battery with great bodily harm. He filed the present motion alleging, among other claims, that the prosecution knowingly used perjured testimony at trial and that his counsel was ineffective for failing to investigate and call a defense witness. Notwithstanding the state’s acknowledgment below that an evidentiary hearing was required as to these claims, the trial court summarily denied them.

Because a prosecutorial misconduct claim may and should be raised on direct appeal, it is not a cognizable claim for purposes of rule 3.850. Spencer v. State, 842 So. 2d 52, 60 (Fla.2003).

However, postconviction motions must be liberally construed. See Gust v. State, 558 So. 2d 450 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990). While appellant framed the issue as one of prosecutorial misconduct, it is clear that his real claim is one of newly discovered evidence, an issue properly raised in a rule 3.850 motion. Padron v. State, 769 So. 2d 432 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000). Appellant’s claim is based on an affidavit of the victim retracting his trial testimony. Because the recantation is not inherently incredible as a matter of law and is material to appellant’s verdict, an evidentiary hearing is required to determine whether it in fact constitutes newly discovered evidence. See Stephens v. State, 829 So. 2d 945 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002).

Therefore, we reverse and remand this claim for an evidentiary hearing.

Appellant also stated a facially sufficient claim of ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to investigate and call a witness by alleging the identity of the potential witness, the substance of the witness’s testimony, an explanation of how the omission of this testimony prejudiced the outcome of the case, and a representation that the witness was available for trial. See Nelson v. State, 875 So. 2d 579 (Fla. 2004).

The trial court appears to have concluded that appellant’s counsel made a tactical decision not to call the witness. Where a trial court summarily denies such a claim, it must attach portions of the record which conclusively refute the mov-ant’s allegations. Jackson v. State, 789 So. 2d 1218, 1220 (Fla. 1st DCA 2001). In this case, the trial court based its conclusion on a statement by appellant’s counsel that the witness in question would not be testifying.

However, this statement, alone, does not conclusively show that the decision was tactical because the record does not include counsel’s reasons for not calling the witness.

Accordingly, we conclude that the record does not conclusively refute appellant’s claim and, therefore, reverse and remand for an evidentiary hearing on this issue as well.

We affirm the summary denial of the remaining issues raised by appellant’s motion.

AFFIRMED IN PART; REVERSED IN PART; and REMANDED, with directions.

ERVIN, WEBSTER, and HAWKES, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Leftwich v. State, 954 So. 2d 714 (Fla. 1st DCA 2007)
    …the identity of the potential witness, the substance of the witness’s testimony, an explanation of how the omission of the testimony prejudiced the outcome of the case, and a representation that the witness was available for trial. McCray v. State, 933 So. 2d 1226, 1227 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006); see Nelson v. State, 875 So. 2d 579, 583-84 (Fla.2004). The appellant’s motion com [*715] plies with these requirements. The appellant states the name of the witness and his potential testimony, which allegedly would have…

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