J.K., A CHILD, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 2006-11-22
Nos. 1D06-2303, 1D06-2382
ERVIN, BARFIELD, and POLSTON, JJ., concur.
942 So. 2d 953 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2006)

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Synopsis

J.K., a juvenile, appealed a disposition order committing him to moderate risk residential placement, departing from the Department of Juvenile Justice's recommendation for probation with adjudication withheld. The court reversed, holding that while trial courts may depart from DJJ recommendations, they must explain on the record how the chosen restrictiveness level serves the child's needs, not merely list reasons for disagreement.


Holding

The court held that a trial court departing from a DJJ recommendation must state reasons that are supported by preponderance of the evidence and must make specific reference to how the characteristics of the chosen restrictiveness level address the child's needs or demonstrate danger to society. Merely identifying facts that the Department already considered when making its recommendation is insufficient.


Headnotes

[1] A juvenile court departing from a Department of Juvenile Justice disposition recommendation must articulate reasons for the departure that specifically address why the ch…

[2] A juvenile court's reasons for departing from a Department of Juvenile Justice disposition recommendation must be supported by a preponderance of the evidence.

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Key Quotes

“the Legislature did not grant the trial court the authority to reject the recommendation simply because it disagrees with the DJJ's assessment”

Establishes that trial courts cannot depart from DJJ recommendations based on mere disagreement

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Facts & Procedural History

Following J.K.'s guilty pleas to delinquent acts, the Department recommended probation with adjudication withheld. The trial court rejected this recom…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

J.K., a child, appeals from the trial court’s juvenile disposition order which departed from the recommendation of the Department of Juvenile Justice (Department or DJJ) that J.K. be placed on probation and adjudication withheld, by ordering him committed to moderate risk placement without probation. Because the court’s reasons for departure failed to address why the restrictiveness level chosen was more appropriate for the needs of the child than that recommended by the Department, we reverse the disposition order and remand the case for further proceedings.

Following appellant’s pleas of guilty to the commission of certain delinquent acts, the Department prepared a predisposition report recommending that appellant be placed on probation and adjudication be withheld. In declining to follow the recommendation and in committing appellant to moderate placement with no probation, two levels above the DJJ’s recommendation, the court gave the following reasons: (1) appellant’s escalating criminal activity, ie., appellant had twice violated the terms of his diversion by committing new delinquent acts, viz., possession of cocaine and marijuana, and resisting an officer without violence; (2) his failure to appear in court to answer one of the offenses for which he was arrested; and (3) his presence on the public streets early in the morning without adult supervision. Nothing in the court’s order, however, explained why the needs of the child were better served by his placement in a moderate risk residential facility, rather than the probation recommended by the DJJ.

Although record support exists for each of the court’s findings, the Department’s staff nonetheless considered and evaluated the same information when it recommended probation as an appropriate sanction. This is not to say that the court lacks the discretion to depart from the DJJ’s recommendations; however, “the Legislature did not grant the trial court the authority to reject the recommendation simply because it disagrees with the DJJ’s assessment.” C.C.B. v. State, 828 So. 2d 429, 431 (Fla. 1st DCA 2002).

In interpreting the provisions of section 985.23(3)(c), Florida Statutes (2005), allowing the court to order placement at a different restrictiveness level from that recommended, this court has made the following pertinent comments: “The trial court must not only state its reasons for disregarding the recommended restrictiveness level on the record, the reasons must also be supported by a preponderance of the evidence and must make reference to the characteristics of the restrictiveness level vis-a-vis the needs of the child,” or that this behavior constituted a danger to society. C.C.B., 828 So. 2d at 431; see also M.W. v. State, 923 So. 2d 552 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006); C.J. v. State, 923 So. 2d 553 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006); N.B. v. State, 911 So. 2d 833, 835 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005) (observing that the trial court may reweigh the same factors considered by the Department and come to a different conclusion, but in doing so, the court must state its reasons in the context of the needs of the child); A.C.N. v. State, 727 So. 2d 368, 370 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999).

REVERSED and REMANDED.

ERVIN, BARFIELD, and POLSTON, JJ., concur.


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