WILLARD BRYANT, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Willard Bryant appealed the trial court's denial of his motion to correct an illegal sentence under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(a). The appellate court affirmed, holding that Bryant's life sentence for second degree murder was legal because second degree murder is a first degree felony punishable by life imprisonment.
The court affirmed the denial of Bryant's motion. Second degree murder is a first degree felony punishable by imprisonment for a term not exceeding life under Florida Statute § 782.04(2)(3), making a life sentence a legal sentence for that offense. Therefore, Bryant's life sentence does not exceed the legal maximum.
[1] A trial court's order denying a motion as successive must attach documentation demonstrating the motion's successiveness.
[2] A claim that a sentence exceeds the legal maximum is cognizable under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(a).
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“In reality, the offense of second degree murder is "a felony of the first degree, punishable by imprisonment for a term of years not exceeding life...."”
Establishes the legal classification and maximum sentence for second degree murder under Florida law
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceIn 1979, Willard Bryant entered into a plea agreement and pled guilty to second degree murder (reduced from first degree murder) on count one, among o…
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COPE, C.J.
Willard Bryant appeals an order denying his motion to correct illegal sentence under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(a). We affirm.
The trial court denied the defendant’s motion on the theory that it was successive. On this appeal, defendant-appellant Bryant correctly states that where a trial court denies a motion on account of successiveness, the documents demonstrating successiveness must be attached to the trial court’s order. See Ranaldson v. State, 672 So. 2d 564, 565 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996).1 No such attachments are present in this case. Therefore the trial court’s order cannot be sustained insofar as it relies on the ground of successiveness.
The trial court also denied the defendant’s motion as time-barred. We re- spectfully disagree with that conclusion. The defendant in this case claims that his sentence on count one exceeds the legal maximum. That is a claim which may properly be brought under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(a), as the defendant has done. See State v. Callaway, 658 So. 2d 983, 988 (Fla.1995).
Apparently because the sentence on count one was imposed pursuant to a plea bargain, the trial court ruled that such a claim must be brought under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850, and as such, was time-barred. It is true that a claim that a sentence exceeds the legal maximum may be brought under Rule 3.850. Rule 3.850 states, in part, “A motion to vacate a sentence that exceeds the limits provided by law may be filed at any time.” Fla. R.Crim. P. 3.850(b). Thus, when such a claim is made under Rule 3.850, it is not subject to any time limit. Id. That is so even where a sentence which exceeds the legal maximum was imposed pursuant to a plea bargain. See Collado v. State, 776 So. 2d 355, 356 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001), and eases cited therein.
On the merits, however, we affirm. The defendant is incorrect in believing that his sentence exceeds the legal maximum. The defendant entered into a plea agreement in 1979 whereby he pled guilty in count one to second degree murder (as reduced from the charge of first degree murder) as well as other offenses. A life sentence was imposed on count one.
The defendant is under the impression that second degree murder is a first degree felony as to which the legal maximum sentence is thirty years. He maintains that count one was enhanced to a life felony under circumstances declared impermissible in Traylor v. State, 785 So. 2d 1179 (Fla.2000). He requests relief under Traylor. In reality, the offense of second degree murder is “a felony of the first degree, punishable by imprisonment for a term of years not exceeding life.... ” § 782.04(2X3), Fla. Stat. (1977).2 For such an offense, a life sentence is a legal sentence. That being so, the defendant’s life sentence on count one is a legal sentence.3 See Betancourt v. State, 804 So. 2d 313, 315 (Fla.2001); Bannister v. State, 844 So. 2d 767, 768 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003).
Affirmed.
. Alternatively, it is sufficient if the documents demonstrating successiveness are attached to the defendant’s motion, the State's response, the defendant’s reply, or any motion for rehearing, response, or reply. See Fla. R.App. P. 9.141(b)(2)(A).
. According to the indictment, the crime date was May 12, 1979.
. The judgment in the defendant's case does not indicate whether the court treated count one as a first degree felony punishable by life, or a life felony. Under the analysis just stated, it makes no difference.
On Motion for Rehearing
COPE, C.J.
By motion for rehearing defendant-appellant Bryant argues that he is entitled to a determination whether his 1979 second degree murder conviction is a first degree felony punishable by life imprisonment, or whether it was reclassified on account of the use of a firearm, and is therefore a life felony. The defendant argues that the level of felony makes a difference in his parole eligibility. As the defendant’s crime date occurred several years prior to the adoption of the sentencing guidelines, the defendant has a parole-eligible sentence. The defendant has attached to his motion correspondence with the Florida Parole Commission, which appears to support his claim that the level of felony may make a difference to consideration by the Florida Parole Commission.
We therefore reverse the order now before us in part and remand for the trial court to review the record and make a determination whether the defendant’s second degree murder conviction is a life felony (by reason of reclassification pursuant to § 775.087(1), Fla. Stat. (Supp.1976)) or was not reclassified, and is therefore a first degree felony punishable by life imprisonment.
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded for further proceedings consistent herewith.
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Meyer v. State, 69 So. 3d 1037 (Fla. 5th DCA 2011)…o Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850. The trial court denied Appellant’s motion as successive, but did not attach to its denial order the previous motion and denial to demonstrate the suc-cessiveness of the motion. See Bryant v. [*1038] State, 944 So. 2d 1016 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005); Smith v. State, 719 So. 2d 1017 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998). The order summarily denying post conviction relief is therefore reversed. The cause is remanded to the trial court, either for attachment of the previous motion and denial th…
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Grady C. Love v. State, 264 So. 3d 1182 (Fla. 2d DCA 2019)…ove's claim. See Fla R. Crim. P. 3.850(h)(2) (providing that an order denying a postconviction motion as successive shall be accompanied by "a copy of that portion of the files and records necessary to support the court's ruling"); Bryant v. State, 944 So. 2d 1016, 1017 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005) ("[W]here a trial court denies a motion on account of successiveness, the documents demonstrating successiveness must be attached to the trial court's order."). Accordingly, we must reverse and remand for the postconviction…
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Torrealba v. State, 947 So. 2d 493 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006)…ing, response, reply, order on the motion for rehearing, and attachments to any of the foregoing, together with the certified copy of the notice of appeal.”); see also Rodriguez v. State, 919 So. 2d 576, 577 n. * (Fla. 3d DCA 2006); Bryant v. State, 944 So. 2d 1016, 1017 n. 1 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005). The record excerpts attached to the State’s amended trial court response were properly considered by the trial court, and this court. Affirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded for further proceedings consistent…
Authorities Cited
- State v. Callaway, 658 So. 2d 983 (Fla. 1995)
- Betancourt v. State, 804 So. 2d 313 (Fla. 2001)
- Traylor v. State, 785 So. 2d 1179 (Fla. 2000)
- Ranaldson v. State, 672 So. 2d 564 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996)
- Collado v. State, 776 So. 2d 355 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001)
- Deaven Guilford v. State, 844 So. 2d 767 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003)
- Bannister v. State, 844 So. 2d 767 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003)