IN RE ESTATE OF MARY MITCHELL MOLLARD, DECEASED. JOHN THORNE MOLLARD, EXECUTOR, APPELLANT,
v.
EMILY L. AUSTIN, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
This case concerns a $5,000 bequest conditioned on the legatee being employed by the testator at the time of her death. The testator's husband, who later became executor, discharged the legatee shortly before the testator's death. The court held that the discharge was arbitrary and did not defeat the legacy, but remanded for further proceedings to allow the executor to present evidence.
No, the arbitrary discharge of the legatee by the executor did not defeat the condition of the bequest. The court agreed with the circuit court that the legacy remained in full force and effect.
“It would be unconscionable and totally without honorable precedent to permit a residuary legatee to become enriched by his arbitrary act of discharging the legatee without rhyme or reason, so far as appears by the record before us, and to thus produce the fiction' that the legacy failed because it was a condition thereof that the legatee be in testator’s employ at the time of her death.”
Establishes the court's reasoning against allowing the executor's actions to invalidate the legacy.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMary Mitchell Mollard bequeathed $5,000 to her nurse, Emily L. Austin, if Austin was still in her employ at death. Mollard died on September 2, 1954. …
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Residuary Legatee cases and more on FLexlaw
STURGIS, Chief Judge.
The appellee, a licensed practicing nurse, hereinafter referred to as the petitioner, was employed on February 22, 1950 by Mary Mitchell Mollard who on April 24, 1953 executed a will bequeathing $5,000 to petitioner on condition that she was still in the employ of testator at the time of her death. The residuary legatee was John Thorne Mollard, testator’s husband, who was familiar with the will and the subject legacy long prior to testator’s death on September 2, 1954, following which he qualified as executor thereof.
Petitioner continued actively in performance of the duties of her employment until August 13, 1954 — approximately 20 days prior to decedent’s death and over a year after the will was executed — when testator’s husband summarily required her to leave the premises where she carried on her duties. Upon his refusal, as executor of the will, to recognize the legacy, she petitioned the County Judge’s Court to determine her right thereto, and the answer of the respondent executor sought to justify his action on the ground that petitioner was not in the employ of testator at the time of her death.
Upon the conclusion of petitioner’s testimony, and absent any testimony on the part of the respondent executor, the County Judge’s Court granted respondent’s motion for a directed verdict, and as part of its order made findings to the effect that petitioner was discharged from her employment as nurse and companion to the decedent by John Thorne Mollard, acting as decedent’s husband and head of the household, that petitioner was not in the employ of the decedent at the time of her death, and that the condition of the bequest had not been fulfilled. Upon these findings the County Judge’s Court rendered judgment denying the petition.
Petitioner thereupon appealed to the Circuit Court of Duval County, which held, and we agree, that the County Judge’s Court was in error in granting said motion and entering said judgment. The circuit court also held that the condition of the bequest had been fulfilled, that petitioner was entitled to the specific sum bequeathed to her, and its order remanded the cause for proceedings consistent with these holdings. The cause is before this court on the executor’s appeal from the findings and order of the circuit court.
Counsel for the parties on appeal have favored us with excellent briefs, from which we find that the authorities overwhelmingly support the holding of the circuit court that the legacy remained in full force and effect. See Boyle v. Howe, 126 Fla. 662, 171 So. 667; Lewis v. Gaillard, 61 Fla. 819, 56 So. 281; In re Walker’s Estate, 185 Misc. 1046, 53 N.Y.S.2d 106; In re Hoe’s Estate, 176 Misc, 803, 29 N.Y.S.2d 183; Cantillon v. Walker, 146 Me. 160, 78 A. 2d 782; Anderson v. Stone, 281 Mass. 458, 183 N.E. 841; In re Fletcher’s Estate, 36 Cal.App.2d 567, 97 P. 2d 1039. It would be unconscionable and totally without honorable precedent to permit a residuary legatee to become enriched by his arbitrary act of discharging the legatee without rhyme or reason, so far as appears by the record before us, and to thus produce the fiction' that the legacy failed because it was a condition thereof that the legatee be in testator’s employ at the time of her death.
There was a power of attorney from the testator to her husband, but it vested no authority in him to discharge petitioner. Appellant insists that the husband, as head of the household, had inherent authority to discharge petitioner. Whatever rights he might have enjoyed under the ancient law to flaunt his wife’s wishes, few modern husbands would be so rash as to attempt the exercise of it. The proposition is as outmoded as the fable that credits a husband with being privileged to administer corporeal punishment to his wife with a stick no-larger than his thumb — else there has been a terrific shrinkage in thumb measurements.
Appellant also insists that by holding that petitioner was entitled to the specific sum bequeathed, the circuit court required the trial court to forthwith enter judgment for her, and made no allowance for the fact that appellant had not had an opportunity to present his evidence. We think this point is well taken. 31 F.S.A. Rule 2.7(a), 1954 Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, under which this cause was tried, provides:
“A party who moves for a directed verdict at the close of the evidence offered by the adverse party may offer evidence in the event the motion is denied without having reserved the right to do so-and to the same extent as if the motion had not been made.”
But it is not necessary, as appellant contends, for all of the evidence to be again presented, as would be required if petitioner’s testimony had been presented before a jury, as in Greenberg v. Post, 155 Fla. 135, 19 So. 2d 714, or as might be required if the trial judge who heard the proofs thus far is not available to hear the remainder. Assuming his availability, the proper procedure is for the appellant to present his evidence, for appellee to then present her evidence in rebuttal, and that the trial judge then enter such order as the entire proofs dictate.
This cause is remanded for further proceedings in accordance with the views expressed herein.
WIGGINTON, J., and TAYLOR, Hugh M., A. J., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
-
Newman v. Newman, 766 So. 2d 1091 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000)…legacy was impossible of performance because of the volitional act of a third party who stood to gain by that act, performance was not required. See Wooster School Corp. v. Hammerer, 410 So. 2d 524 (Fla. 4 th DCA 1982), citing to Estate of Mollard, 98 So. 2d 814 (Fla. 1st DCA 1957). For example, in Sinnes v. Pereno, 629 So. 2d 995 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993) the appellate court reversed a determination that a bequest lapsed due to failure of an expressed condition. Sinnes had been left $50,000 on the condition that…
-
The Wooster Sch. Corp. v. Hammerer, 410 So. 2d 524 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982)…f performance will not excuse failure of a devisee to comply with a condition in a will. In Re Estate of Bateman, supra; Guilliams v. First National Bank of Leesburg, 229 So. 2d 633 (Fla. 2d DCA 1970). However, in the case of In Re Mollard’s Estate, 98 So. 2d 814 (Fla. 1st DCA 1957), the First District Court of Appeal provided a logical exception to the general rule in holding that when the condition of a legacy was impossible of performance because of the volitional act of a third party who stood to gain by…
-
Guilliams v. The First Nat'l Bank OF Leesburg, 229 So. 2d 633 (Fla. 2d DCA 1969)…mance of these conditions was waived by the testatrix or any party in interest; likewise, performance by defendants was not frustrated by any person who stood to gain should the land not vest in defendants. See In re Estate of Mollard, Fla.App.1957, 98 So. 2d 814. We have examined the other points raised on the appeal and find them to be without merit. Affirmed. HOBSON, C. J., concurs. McNULTY, J., dissents with opinion. . See 96 C.J.S. Wills §§ 994 et seq.; and see also, 5 Bowe-Parlter: Page on Wills,…
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Greenberg v. Post, 155 Fla. 135 (Fla. 1944)
- Boyle v. Howe, 126 Fla. 662 (Fla. 1935)
- Lewis v. Gaillard, 61 Fla. 819 (Fla. 1911)