RONALD ROBBINS, PETITIONER,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT

Fla. 5th DCA | 2008-10-17
No. 5D08-2617
PLEUS and TORPY, JJ„ concur.
992 So. 2d 878 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (2008) Caution
Cited by 2 cases

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Synopsis

Ronald Robbins sought a writ of certiorari to quash the trial court's order dismissing his Rule 3.800(c) motion to mitigate sentence as untimely. Although the trial court technically lacked jurisdiction under the sixty-day filing deadline, the appellate court granted the writ because the mandate was prematurely issued due to the "mailbox rule," and therefore could not bar Robbins from consideration of his motion.


Holding

Although the trial court technically lacked jurisdiction under the strict sixty-day deadline of Rule 3.800(c), the appellate court granted the writ and remanded because the mandate's premature issuance, caused by the mailbox rule procedures, could not bar Robbins from consideration of his motion. The mandate should have been withdrawn when the timely motion for rehearing arrived after the mandate issued.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court lacks jurisdiction to mitigate a sentence pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(c) more than sixty days after the issuance of the appellate c…

[2] Under the "mailbox rule," a pro se inmate's document is timely filed when placed in the hands of an institution official for mailing on or before the last day for filing.

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Key Quotes

“Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(c) states that a court may reduce or modify a sentence within sixty (60) days after imposition of the sentence or after receipt by the court of a mandate issued by the appellate court on affirmance of the judgment and/or sentence on an original appeal.”

States the strict sixty-day jurisdictional deadline for Rule 3.800(c) motions that the trial court relied upon to dismiss the motion.

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Facts & Procedural History

Robbins' direct appeal was affirmed by the Fifth District Court of Appeal on March 18, 2008. He placed a pro se motion for rehearing with prison offic…

The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.

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Opinion of the Court
GRIFFIN, J.

GRIFFIN, J.

Petitioner seeks a writ of certiorari quashing the trial court’s order wherein the trial court found that it was without jurisdiction to mitigate Petitioner’s sentence pursuant to his motion filed pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(c). Petitioner’s motion was filed more than sixty days after the issuance by this Court of its mandate in Petitioner’s direct appeal. Although the trial court did not err, for the reason that follows, we nevertheless grant the writ.

After Petitioner’s direct appeal was per curiam, affirmed by this Court on March 18, 2008, see Robbins v. State, 976 So. 2d 1123 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008), Petitioner placed in the hands of prison officials a pro se motion for rehearing on April 2, 2008, which made it timely under the “mailbox rule.” See Fla. RApp. P. 9.420(a)(2) (“A document filed by a pro se inmate confined in an institution is timely filed if the inmate places the document in the hands of an institution official for mailing on or before the last day for filing.”). The motion for rehearing was later filed in this Court on April 7, 2008. While Petitioner’s motion was traveling here by mail, however, our clerk issued the mandate in Petitioner’s direct appeal on April 4, 2008. On April 28, 2008, this Court denied Petitioner’s motion for rehearing on the merits, but we did not withdraw the mandate.

On June 20, 2008, Petitioner handed a rule 3.800(c) motion to mitigate sentence to prison officials. In an order entered July 2, 2008, the trial court dismissed Petitioner’s rule 3.800(a) motion, concluding that it lacked jurisdiction to rule on the motion:

Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(c) states that a court may reduce or modify a sentence within sixty (60) days after imposition of the sentence or after receipt by the court of a mandate issued by the appellate court on affir-mance of the judgment and/or sentence on an original appeal. Mandate issued on April 4, 2008. (See Appendix A). The instant motion was filed on June 26, 2008, which is beyond the sixty-day time limitation. The sixty-day time limit for filing the motion is strictly enforced. Dominguez v. State, 556 So. 2d 499 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990); see also State v. Nichols, 629 So. 2d 970 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993); Bowling v. State, 688 So. 2d 947 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997). The trial court does not have jurisdiction to mitigate a sentence after sixty days from imposition of sentence. Id.

This case is an example of the occasional anomaly that arises as a result of the “mailbox rule.” Where the rules call for “filing” by a certain deadline and filing is with the clerk of court, the clerk can know with certainty whether the deadline has or has not been met. Under the “mailbox rule,” however, the clerk loses control because handing the document over to prison officials satisfies the filing requirement. The clerk is at the mercy of the vagaries of prison workload and the speed of the post office to know whether there was a timely filing. A technically timely mailbox-rule document can trickle in long after the filing deadline. Clerks apparently compensate for this by delaying the issuance of the mandate for a number of days, but sometimes the delay is not enough and the clerk receives the filing (typically a motion for rehearing) after the mandate has finally gone out. In such cases, if the motion is meritorious, the mandate will be withdrawn and the motion granted. If the motion has no merit, typically we dismiss it without engaging in a cumbersome mandate withdrawal/reissuance procedure. In this case, our failure to withdraw the mandate caused the problem. Having technically been prematurely issued under the mailbox rule, the mandate’s issuance date cannot bar Petitioner from consideration of a rule 3.800(c) motion. Accordingly, we grant the writ and remand to the trial court to consider the motion.

WRIT GRANTED.

PLEUS and TORPY, JJ„ concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Rigueiro v. State, 23 So. 3d 127 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009)
    …and we affirmed. Rigueiro v. State, 4D08-3154, 2008 LEXIS 20630 (Fla. 4th DCA Sept. 24, 2008). In its response to the petition in this court, the State argued that the petition was untimely filed. In his reply, the defendant cites Robbins v. State, 992 So. 2d 878 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008), which appears to reach a different conclusion under similar circumstances. There the court concluded it should have recalled its mandate before ruling on a prisoner’s motion for rehearing that had been timely delivered to prison…

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