LISA C. FINE, AS PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ESTATE OF CORY FINE, APPELLANT,
v.
SHANDS TEACHING HOSPITAL AND CLINICS, INC., APPELLEE
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The court held that the trial court erred by focusing on actual juror bias rather than whether the nondisclosed information would have led counsel to exercise a peremptory challenge.
[1] A new trial may be warranted if a juror fails to disclose relevant and material information during voir dire, conceals the information, and the nondisclosure is not attri…
[2] Materiality of a juror's nondisclosure is established when the omission prevented counsel from making an informed judgment that would, in all likelihood, have resulted in…
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PER CURIAM.
Appellant, Lisa C. Fine, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Cory Fine, her late husband, appeals the order denying her motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, or in the alternative, motion for new trial, which was based on two jurors’ nondisclosure of their litigation history during voir dire. Appellant argues in part that the trial court erred in focusing on whether the jurors were actually biased in this case when addressing the materiality of the nondisclosures. We agree with Appellant and, therefore, reverse the order and remand for reconsideration.
Following a jury trial in Appellant’s medical malpractice case against Appellee, Shands Teaching Hospital and Clinics, Inc., in which the jury found in Appellee’s favor, Appellant moved to interview the jurors and for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict, or in the alternative, for a new trial based upon the jurors’ nondisclosures. After the jurors’ interviews, the trial court denied Appellant’s motion. In doing so, the court set forth in part:
[I]f I was to grant the plaintiffs position that the law is that you may have exercised a challenge, that, in and of itself, would be sufficient to grant a new trial, then I believe we ignore the fact that my conclusion is that these jurors were not affected by their past experiences in carrying out their responsibilities in this particular case.
If I had any indication that there was any connection between their past experiences and their carrying out their responsibilities in this case, I would gladly grant the plaintiff an opportunity to retry the case.
Based upon what they said during the jury interview, I cannot find that their failure to disclose, in fact, influenced their deliberation and verdict in this ... matter. As a consequence I’m going to deny the motion....
This appeal followed.
In determining whether a juror’s nondisclosure of information during voir dire warrants a new trial, a three-part test is utilized: (1) whether the information is relevant and material to jury service in the case; (2) whether the juror concealed the information during questioning; and (3) whether the failure to disclose the information was not attributable to the complaining party’s lack of diligence. De La Rosa v. Zequeira, 659 So. 2d 239, 241 (Fla.1995).
We agree with Appellant that the trial court erred in focusing on whether or not it believed the jurors were biased when deliberating this case rather than on what Appellant’s counsel would have done during voir dire had the litigation history been disclosed. The supreme court has observed that materiality is “only shown where the ‘omission of the information prevented counsel from making an informed judgment-which would in all likelihood have resulted in a peremptory challenge.’ ” See Roberts ex rel. Estate of Roberts v. Tejada, 814 So. 2d 334, 340 (Fla.2002) (citation omitted); see also McCauslin v. O’Conner, 985 So. 2d 558, 561 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008) (“Omitted information has been considered relevant and material where it implies a bias or sympathy for the other side which in all likelihood would have resulted in the use of a peremptory challenge.”); Companioni v. City of Tampa, 958 So. 2d 404, 416 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007) (noting that the complaining party in a juror nondisclosure case need only establish the three parts of the De La Rosa test, not bias or prejudice in fact).
Accordingly, we REVERSE the order and REMAND the case for reconsideration under the De La Rosa three-part test.*
ALLEN, DAVIS, and BENTON, JJ., concur. *
We note that the supreme court in Tejada cited Birch ex rel. Birch v. Albert, 761 So. 2d 355 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000), for the proposition that materiality is only shown where the " 'omission of the information prevented counsel from making an informed judgment-which would in all likelihood have resulted in a peremptory challenge.’ " 814 So. 2d at 340.
However, the supreme court also cited Garnett v. McClellan, 767 So. 2d 1229 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000), for the proposition that " '[n]on-disclosure is considered material if it is substantial and important so that if the facts were known, the defense may have been influenced to peremptorily challenge the juror from the jury.' " 814 So. 2d at 341. While Appellant relies upon the "may have been influenced” standard, the supreme court in State Farm Fire and Casualty Co. v. Levine, 837 So. 2d 363, 365 (Fla.2002), cited Tejada for the proposition that materiality is only shown "where the 'omission of the information prevented counsel from making an informed judgment-which would in all likelihood have resulted in a peremptoiy challenge.’ ” As such, the "would in all likelihood” standard should be applied on remand.
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Hoang Dinh Duong, M.D., Radiology Assocs. of Hollywood, P.A. v. Ziadie, 125 So. 3d 225 (Fla. 4th DCA 2013)…has directly stated that prejudice is not a factor in the De La Rosa test. State Farm, 837 So. 2d at 365. It is true that whether or not a challenged juror was actually biased is not relevant to materiality. Fine v. Shands Teaching Hosp. & Clinics, 994 So. 2d 426 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008). However, prejudice is relevant to determine whether the undisclosed information would imply that the juror would be biased toward an opposing party or litigation in general, such that counsel would in all likelihood use a preemp…
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Tarpon Springs Hosp. Found., Inc. v. Reth, 40 So. 3d 823 (Fla. 2d DCA 2010)…review. See Allstate Ins. Co. v. Wiley, 954 So. 2d 1273, 1275 (Fla. 2d [*829] DCA 2007). Based on Roberts v. Tejada, 814 So. 2d 334 (Fla.2002), De La Rosa v. Zequeira, 659 So. 2d 239 (Fla.1995), and Fine v. Shands Teaching Hospital & Clinics, Inc., 994 So. 2d 426 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008), we conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in granting a new trial based on material litigation history that Juror Gullick failed to disclose during voir dire. Thus, we affirm the trial court’s order granting…
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Pierson Villalobos v. State, 143 So. 3d 1042 (Fla. 3d DCA 2014)…es on whether the juror may be biased or partial when considering or deliberating the case as opposed to “what Appellant’s counsel would have done during voir dire had the ... history been disclosed.” Fine v. Shands Teaching Hosp. and Clinics, Inc., 994 So. 2d 426 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008). See also Tripp v. State, 874 So. 2d 732 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004). Here, Arvidson acknowledged that he had a business relationship with Gyokeres. He performed carpentry/handyman work at Gyokeres’ home for which Gyokeres personally wr…
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- DE LA Rosa v. Zequeira, 659 So. 2d 239 (Fla. 1995)
- Roberts v. Francisco Tejada, M.D., 814 So. 2d 334 (Fla. 2002)
- State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. Levine, 837 So. 2d 363 (Fla. 2002)
- Ethelene Garnett v. McCLELLAN, 767 So. 2d 1229 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000)
- Birch v. Albert, 761 So. 2d 355 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000)
- McCAUSLIN v. O'Conner, 985 So. 2d 558 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008)
- Companioni v. City OF Tampa, 958 So. 2d 404 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007)