SAVE ON CLEANERS OF PEMBROKE II INC., APPELLANT,
v.
VERDE PINES CITY CENTER PLAZA LLC, APPELLEE
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A landlord sued a tenant for breach of a commercial lease. The tenant claimed attorneys fees under the lease provision without formally pleading them, and the trial court awarded fees. The landlord challenged this on appeal, arguing the tenant failed to comply with the Stockman rule requiring fees to be pleaded. The appellate court reversed the trial court's decision to strike the fees, holding that the tenant's failure to formally plead fees was not fatal where the landlord had notice of the claim and failed to object.
The court held that the tenant's failure to formally plead attorneys fees was not fatal. Under the Stockman exception, where a party has notice that an opponent claims entitlement to attorneys fees and fails to object, that party waives any objection to the failure to plead. The trial court erred in striking the fee award upon rehearing, and the case is remanded to restore the attorneys fees award.
[1] A party waives any objection to an opponent's failure to plead entitlement to attorney's fees if the party has notice of the claim and recognizes or acquiesces to it, or…
[2] A party's failure to formally plead a claim for attorney's fees is not fatal when the opposing party has notice of the claim and fails to object to its assertion in subse…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Where a party has notice that an opponent claims entitlement to attorney's fees, and by its conduct recognizes or acquiesces to that claim or otherwise fails to object to the failure to plead entitlement, that party waives any objection to the failure to plead a claim for attorney's fees.”
This quote establishes the Stockman exception to the requirement that attorneys fees be formally pleaded, based on notice and waiver principles.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceA landlord sued a tenant for breach of a commercial lease that provided for attorneys fees to the prevailing party. The tenant filed a motion to dismi…
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A landlord sued a tenant for breach of a commercial lease. The lease provided for attorneys fees to the prevailing party. The tenant did not claim such fees in a pleading.1 Before trial tenant filed several documents claiming attorneys fees as the putative prevailing party. We find that in this case its failure to formally plead fees was not fatal.
The record shows that 10 days after the commencement of the action tenant filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, arguing that landlord’s failure to give a specific notice required by the lease barred its claim. The motion also claimed fees under the lease. Although tenant later abandoned any attempt to have the case dismissed by the motion, it did not withdraw its claim for attorneys fees. In later proceedings, tenant filed two memoranda with the court in which it argued its claim for fees.2 Landlord’s Trial Brief did not object to these fee claims. Actually landlord never raised any objection to tenant’s claim to fees until after final judgment was entered.
At the end of the bench trial, the parties were required to submit proposed forms of final judgment. Tenant’s form contained a provision awarding it attorneys fees. Landlord did not object to the proposed form of judgment or the provision awarding fees. In the end, the trial judge resolved the case in favor of tenant. The court found that landlord had in fact failed to give tenant the specific notice required by the lease. The final judgment found tenant entitled to fees under the lease provision.
Landlord moved for rehearing. Under Stockman v. Downs, 573 So.2d 835 (Fla.1991), it argued that tenant was not entitled to fees because of its failure to demand fees in a pleading. Tenant responded with the occasions in the record before trial in which it had claimed fees. Tenant also referred to a settlement offer it had made to landlord before trial in which it offered, among other things, to waive its claim for attorneys fees. But the trial court granted the motion and struck attorneys fees from the final judgment.
At the outset, we reject landlord’s argument that the standard of review is abuse *297of discretion as to the precise issue raised in this appeal. The issue does not involve the discretion typically applied in reviewing the amount of fees. Stockman created a rule of procedure with an exception.3 The only dispute here is entitlement to fees under the rule and its exception, a legal issue.4
Stockman explained its limited exception for attorneys fees to be made in a pleading thus:
“Where a party has notice that an opponent claims entitlement to attorney’s fees, and by its conduct recognizes or acquiesces to that claim or otherwise fails to object to the failure to plead entitlement, that party waives any objection to the failure to plead a claim for attorney’s fees. See, e.g., Brown v. Gardens by the Sea S. Condo. Ass’n, 424 So.2d 181 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983) (defendant’s failure to raise entitlement to attorney’s fees until after judgment not fatal to claim where issue of attorney’s fees was raised at pretrial conference and plaintiffs pretrial statement listed defendant’s entitlement to fees as an issue); Mainlands of Tamarac by Gulf Unit No. Four Ass’n, Inc. v. Morris, 388 So.2d 226 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980) (parties’ stipulation during trial that the question of attorney’s fees would be heard subsequent to final hearing would permit recovery of attorney’s fees despite failure to plead entitlement to fees).” [e.s.]
573 So.2d at 838. Plainly the purpose of the Stockman rule is notice to the party having to pay such fees.5 But if an adversary attempts to claim such fees without a pleading, Stockman pointedly requires the party who would oppose the fees to make a formal objection.
One of the two examples cited by Stock-man illustrates application of the limited exception. Defendant’s failure in Brown v. Gardens by the Sea South Condominium Ass’n, 424 So.2d 181 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983), to plead fees did not doom the claim where the party asserted a claim for fees at the pretrial conference and filed a pretrial statement listing entitlement to fees as an issue to be decided at trial. 424 So.2d at 183-84.
An implicit rationale for Stockman’s exception — -and its concomitant requirement of objecting to an unpleaded claim — is that under the Rules of Civil Procedure the failure to object to a claim not pleaded may operate as a consent to amendment of the pleading to include the claim.6 Under the circumstances, tenant was entitled un*298der rule 1.190(b) to have its pleading amended to claim fees and thus conform its pleading to the record of claiming such fees throughout the case.7 If landlord desired to insist on a strict application of the Stockman rule and avoid its exception, it was necessary to object when tenant attempted to claim fees without a formal pleading.8
We therefore conclude that it was error upon rehearing to strike the award of fees from the final judgment. We remand for the restoration of the award of fees in favor of the tenant. The trial court shall determine a reasonable fee for the tenant’s representation in the trial court and for this appeal.
Reversed.
CIKLIN, J. and LEBAN, MARK KING, J., Associate Judge, concur.
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Land & SEA Petroleum, Inc. v. Bus. Specialists, Inc., 53 So. 3d 348 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011)…tlement. Section 57.105(7) The issue of entitlement to attorney’s fees based on the interpretation of a statute or contract is a pure matter of law involving de novo review. Save on Cleaners of Pembroke II, Inc. v. Verde Pines City Ctr. Plaza LLC, 14 So. 3d 295, 297 n. 4 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). We agree with the seller that it was entitled to recover its attorney’s fees against Specialists pursuant to section 57.105(7). That statute provides, in pertinent part: If a contract contains a provision allowing at…
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Dickson v. Heaton, 87 So. 3d 81 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012)…f all parties to enforce it if they were able. In all material respects, the wording of the pretrial stipulation is identical to wording of the pretrial statement in Brown. See Save On Cleaners of Pembroke II Inc. v. Verde Pines City Ctr. Plaza LLC, 14 So. 3d 295 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). Because we decide the case on the issue of waiver, we do not reach the issue of whether pleading one specific ground for attorney’s fees precludes the later recovery of fees on a different ground, or whether, in light of Canfiel…
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Nathanson v. Morelli, 169 So. 3d 259 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015)…ent to an award of attorneys’ fees under a statute or a procedural rule is a legal question subject to de novo review. Bright v. Baltzell, 65 So. 3d 90, 92 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011); Save on Cleaners of Pembroke II Inc. v. Verde Pines City Ctr. Plaza LLC, 14 So. 3d 295, 297 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). This court has previously explained “the parameters for the pleading requirement necessary for a party to recover attorney’s fees in a civil action.” Dickson v. Heaton, 87 So. 3d 81, 83 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012). First, “a claim…
Previewing 3 of 9 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Stockman v. Downs, 573 So. 2d 835 (Fla. 1991)
- Brown v. Gardens BY THE SEA S. Condo. Ass'n, 424 So. 2d 181 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983)
- Barner v. State, 755 So. 2d 787 (Fla. 5th DCA 2000)
- Allstate Ins. Co. v. Regar, 942 So. 2d 969 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006)
- Mainlands OF Tamarac BY the Gulf Unit NO. Four Ass'n, Inc. v. Morris, 388 So. 2d 226 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980)
- Green v. SUN Harbor Homeowners' Ass'n, Inc., 685 So. 2d 23 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996)
- Rochlin v. Gillian Cunningham and Thomas Ruffin, III, 739 So. 2d 1215 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)
- Hirschenson v. Hirschenson, 996 So. 2d 905 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008)
- Wintter & Assocs., P.A. v. Kanowsky, 992 So. 2d 434 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008)