MICHAEL ERNEST HAAGER, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 2010-06-04
No. 2D08-4801
VILLANTI, J„ and FULMER, CAROLYN K, Senior Judge, Concur.
36 So. 3d 883 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (2010) Positive Treatment
Cited by 9 cases

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Synopsis

The appellate court affirmed the denial of a motion to vacate convictions but reversed the denial of a motion to vacate sentences, finding that the sentencing procedure for mentally disordered sex offenders was not followed.


Holding

The court held that while the convictions were valid, the sentences were improperly imposed due to the failure to follow the statutory procedure for mentally disordered sex offenders, and thus the sentences should be corrected.


Headnotes

[1] A court errs by failing to follow the statutory procedure for sentencing individuals classified as mentally disordered sex offenders.

[2] The law-of-the-case doctrine permits reconsideration of a previously decided point of law only in unusual circumstances where manifest injustice would result from strict…

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Facts & Procedural History

Haager pleaded guilty to robbery and rape and was sentenced as a mentally disordered sex offender. The sentencing court failed to follow the statutory…

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Opinion of the Court
NORTHCUTT, Judge.

NORTHCUTT, Judge.

Michael Haager appeals the denial of his motion to vacate his 1975 judgments and sentences due to an alleged violation of the statutory procedure for sentencing individuals classified at that time as mentally disordered sex offenders. We affirm in regard to the convictions without further comment, but we reverse as to the sentences.

In 1974, Haager pleaded guilty to two counts of robbery and four counts of rape in three separate cases. The circuit court imposed concurrent prison sentences of *884forty years for the robberies and life for the rapes. The court also determined that Haager was a “mentally disordered sex offender” pursuant to then-chapter 917, Florida Statutes (1974). Under that statutory scheme, which was repealed in 1979, the court should have deferred sentencing until Haager recovered from his disorder and was no longer a menace to others. See Gonsovowski v. State, 350 So.2d 19 (Fla. 2d DCA 1977); see also ch. 79-341, Laws of Fla. (repealing chapter 917 relating to mentally disordered sex offenders). As interpreted by the supreme court, the statute required the court to postpone sentencing until the defendant completed treatment, thus permitting the court to “consider any rehabilitative effect the treatment may have had on the defendant” when determining his sentence. Gammill v. Wainwright, 357 So.2d 714, 716 (Fla.1978). In Haager’s case, then, the sentencing court erred by failing to follow the statutory procedure for mentally disordered sex offenders. See O’Malley v. State, 396 So.2d 1128, 1129 (Fla.1981).

Haager raised this sentencing error in a motion filed pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800, but the motion was denied and this court affirmed. Haager v. State, 934 So.2d 458 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006) (table decision). In 2008, Haager raised the claim again, this time citing Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.170 and also seeking to withdraw his plea. The circuit court denied relief, concluding that the claim was untimely under both rule 3.170 and rule 3.850. In a motion for rehearing, Haager argued that his motion should be treated as a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. He further alleged that his codefendant in the 1974 crimes was also classified as a mentally disordered sex offender while being improperly sentenced to prison and that the codefen-dant was later resentenced. Haager attached a 1998 order for his codefendant’s resentencing. The motion for rehearing was denied, and this appeal followed.

Haager has asked this court to treat his appeal as a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. He argues that he has suffered a manifest injustice when compared to his codefendant and others who have obtained relief on this type of claim. See Slappey v. State, 584 So.2d 1108 (Fla. 1st DCA 1991) (reversing denial of successive motion seeking correction of a sentence that was improperly imposed under mentally disordered sex offender statute). We directed the State to respond to Haager’s filing. It argues that affirmance is required under the law of the case unless there is a manifest injustice.

Under the law-of-the-case doctrine, an appellate court should reconsider a point of law previously decided in a former appeal only in “unusual circumstances” and only when “ ‘manifest injustice’ will result from a strict and rigid adherence to the rule.” Strazzulla v. Hendrick, 177 So.2d 1, 4 (Fla.1965). Law of the case has been applied to successive review of claims under rule 3.800(a). Harris v. State, 777 So.2d 994, 994 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000). Still, to prevent a manifest injustice and a denial of due process, relief may be afforded even to a litigant raising a successive claim. Stephens v. State, 974 So.2d 455, 457 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008).

In Stephens, we treated Stephens’ successive postconviction claim as a petition for habeas corpus relief because we had affirmed his sentence even though we had reversed that of an unrelated defendant who had been sentenced on the same day by the same judge who made the same error as in Stephens’ case. We recognized that to give relief to one defendant but not the other under virtually identical circumstances was “a manifest injustice that does *885not promote — in fact, it corrodes — uniformity in the decisions of this court.” Id.

“In rare circumstances, this court has exercised its inherent authority to grant a writ of habeas corpus to avoid incongruous and manifestly unfair results.” Id. We do so here. Reversed for resentencing.

VILLANTI, J„ and FULMER, CAROLYN K, Senior Judge, Concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Lavoris Johnson v. State, 226 So. 3d 908 (Fla. 4th DCA 2017)
    …See, e.g., McKay v. State, 988 So. 2d 51 (Fla. 3d DCA 2008) (granting relief on an untimely petition alleging ineffective assistance of appellate counsel, where a co-defendant’s convictions were vacated on the same issue); see also Haager v. State, 36 So. 3d 883 (Fla. 2d DCA 2010) (reversing a sentence on appeal from the denial of a postconviction motion, finding that failure to do so would result in manifest injustice where the same relief was granted to a [*911] co-defendant and others); Harris v. State,…
  • Plasencia v. State, 170 So. 3d 865 (Fla. 2d DCA 2015)
    …See Plasencia v. State, 902 So. 2d 805 (Fla. 2d DCA 2004) (table decision). . This court has frequently applied the manifest injustice rule to correct an illegal sentence where it appeared that the claim was successive. See, e.g., Haager v. State, 36 So. 3d 883, 884 (Fla. 2d DCA 2010); Bronk v. State, 25 So. 3d 701, 702-03 (Fla. 2d DCA 2010); Brinson v. State, 995 So. 2d 1047, 1049 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008); Stephens v. State, 974 So. 2d 455, 457 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008); Cilio v. State, 913 So. 2d 1233, 1233 (Fla. 2d…
  • Rolland A. Shultz v. State, 136 So. 3d 1232 (Fla. 2d DCA 2014)
    …ise constituted a manifest injustice. See Lawton v. State, 731 So. 2d 60, 61 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999). Even the writ of habeas corpus can occasionally be employed to obtain release from a sentence that results in a manifest injustice. See Haager v. State, 36 So. 3d 883, 884-85 (Fla. 2d DCA 2010) (exercising the court’s inherent authority to grant a writ of habeas corpus to provide relief on a claim raised in a rule 3.800(a) motion, which would have otherwise been barred by the law of the case doctrine, to prevent…

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