JOHNATHAN CURTIS GADISON, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 5th DCA | 2013-12-20
No. 5D12-544
SAWAYA and BERGER, JJ., concur.
158 So. 3d 615 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (2013) Positive Treatment
Cited by 3 cases

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Holding

The court held that the trial court abused its discretion in denying the motion for mistrial because the officer's comment on the defendant's silence was prejudicial and vitiated the trial.


Headnotes

[1] A comment from a state witness that is fairly susceptible of being construed by the jury as a comment on the defendant's exercise of the right to remain silent violates t…

[2] A trial court abuses its discretion in denying a motion for mistrial when a state witness improperly comments on the defendant's right to remain silent and the error is s…

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Facts & Procedural History

During a trial for firearm possession, the arresting officer testified that the defendant remained silent after being read his Miranda rights. The def…

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Opinion of the Court
COHEN, J.

COHEN, J.

Johnathan Gadison appeals his convictions for possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, reckless driving, and resisting arrest without violence. We find no merit in the first issue Gadison raises on appeal, the denial of his motion to suppress. However, Gadison álso argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion for mistrial after a State witness improperly commented on Gadison’s exercise of his right to remain silent. We agree and reverse for a new trial.

The comment in question was made by the arresting officer, Officer Albakri, during the prosecution’s direct examination. Officer Albakri testified that Gadison made incriminatory statements concerning his knowledge and constructive possession of the firearm. The prosecutor inquired, “[wjhere were you when you first had a chance to speak with [Gadison]?” The officer replied, “[a]s soon as I put my handcuffs on him and I’m walking him to the car, even prior to reading him his Miranda rights, he made a spontaneous statement before I even interviewed him or had plans to interview him. But once I read him his Miranda rights, he did not speak with me at all.” Gadison moved for a mistrial on the ground that this testimony was an improper comment on his constitutional right to remain silent; the trial court denied the motion.

A comment from a State witness that is “fairly susceptible of being construed by the jury as a comment on the defendant’s exercise of his or her right to remain silent ... violates the defendant’s *617right to silence.” State v. Hoggins, 718 So.2d 761, 769 (Fla.1998). On appeal, the State does not dispute that Officer Albak-ri’s comment was fairly susceptible of being construed as a comment on Gadison’s exercise of his right to remain silent.1

A trial court’s ruling on a motion for mistrial is reviewed for an abuse of discretion. See Poole v. State, 997 So.2d 382, 391 (Fla.2008). A mistrial is appropriate following a comment on the defendant’s right to remain silent only if the error was “so prejudicial as to vitiate the entire trial.” Id. In this case, the possession of the firearm was constructive and Officer Albakri could not recall the specifics of Gadison’s admission.2 Additionally, Gadison presented some evidence that he did not know about the presence of the firearm. In a case like this, where the evidence presented was conflicting, we cannot say that the comment did not vitiate the outcome of the trial. Therefore, the trial court abused its discretion in denying Gadison’s motion for mistrial.3

In an effort to salvage the trial, following the rendition of the verdict, the trial court propounded an interrogatory to the jury effectively asking whether Officer Albakri’s comment had any effect on its verdict.4 The jury answered that it had not. While not reversible error, we note that this inquiry was improper. The Florida Evidence Code forbids any judicial inquiry into “emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors.” Baptist Hosp. of Miami, Inc. v. Maler, 579 So.2d 97, 99 (Fla.1991) (citing § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1987)). Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (2013), provides that “[u]pon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.” The trial court’s inquiry here inhered in the verdict and was thus improper. See Sims v. State, 444 So.2d 922, 925 (Fla.1983) (holding that a jury’s consideration of a defendant’s failure to testify is a matter that inheres in the verdict); see also Devoney v. State, 717 So.2d 501, 505 (Fla.1998) (“[F]ull and frank discussion in the jury room, jurors’ willingness to return an unpopular verdict, and the community’s trust in a system that relies on the decisions of laypeople would all be undermined by a barrage of postver-dict scrutiny of juror misconduct.” (quoting *618 Tanner v. United States, 483 U.S. 107, 120-21, 107 S.Ct. 2739, 97 L.Ed.2d 90 (1987))).

REVERSED and REMANDED for new trial.

SAWAYA and BERGER, JJ., concur.


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