DONATOS SARRAS, APPELLANT,
v.
WENDY ELLEN MILLS-SARRAS A/K/A WENDY E. MILLS, APPELLEE
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Donatos Sarras sued Wendy Mills for a worthless check. The trial court dismissed on statute of limitations grounds, applying a four-year period. The appellate court reversed, holding that a five-year statute of limitations for actions on written contracts applies because worthless check actions are not exclusively governed by the statutory liability statute.
The court held that the five-year limitation period in section 95.11(2)(b) applies to worthless check actions. Although section 68.065 authorizes treble damages and attorney's fees in worthless check cases, it does not create an exclusive cause of action; rather, it supplements the pre-existing common law right to collect on a worthless check.
[1] An action to collect on a worthless check is governed by the five-year statute of limitations for actions on a written instrument, not the four-year statute for statutory…
[2] The statute authorizing treble damages and attorney's fees for worthless checks does not create an exclusive cause of action but rather provides for additional remedies.
Previewing 2 of 3 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“Section 68.065 does not create an exclusive means to bring an action on a worthless check; rather it authorizes an award of treble damages and reasonable attorney's fees in worthless check actions where certain additional elements have been proved.”
Establishes that section 68.065 supplements rather than creates the worthless check cause of action, supporting application of the written instrument statute of limitations.
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceOn January 30, 2007, Mills delivered a $120,000 check to Sarras. When Sarras presented the check for payment on May 4, 2007, the bank refused payment …
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Donatos Sarras appeals from a final summary judgment determining that the worthless check action he brought against Wendy Mills was barred by the statute of limitations. We reverse. We conclude that the time frame within which Sarras was required to bring suit was the five-year limitation period set forth in section 95.11(2)(b), Florida Statutes (2007), not the four-year limitation period set forth in section 95.11(3)(f), Florida Statutes (2007).
On January 23, 2012, Sarras filed a five-paragraph complaint alleging that on or about January 30, 2007, Mills delivered a check to him in the amount of $120,000 and that when he presented the check for payment to the drawee bank on or about May 4, 2007, payment was refused because of insufficient funds. Mills answered the complaint and raised the statute of limitations as an affirmative defense to Sarras’ claim.1
Section 95.11 sets out the applicable time limitations for actions other than the recovery of real property. In her motion for summary judgment, Mills asserted that Sarras’ action was founded upon the statutory liability specified in section 68.065, Florida Statutes (2007) and, thus, the four-year limitation period set forth in section 95.11(3)(f) applied. That section provides:
Actions other than for recovery of real property shall be commenced as follows:
(3) WITHIN FOUR YEARS.—
(f) An action founded on a statutory liability.
Sarras responded to the motion for summary judgment by arguing that the five-year limitation period set forth in section 95.11(2)(b) controlled:
Actions other than for recovery of real property shall be commenced as follows:
(2) WITHIN FIVE YEARS.—
(b) A legal or equitable action on a contract, obligation, or liability founded on a written instrument....
We agree with Sarras because, contrary to Mills’ contention, the action brought by Sarras was not founded on section 68.065.
*511Section 68.065(1), Florida Statutes (2007),2 provides that in any civil action brought for the purpose of collecting a check, the payment of which was refused by the drawee because of the lack of funds, the maker can be found liable for treble damages and reasonable attorney’s fees in addition to the amount of the check where the maker fails to pay the amount owing, in cash, to the payee within thirty days following a written demand therefor. However, the right to bring an action to collect on a worthless check existed prior to the 1979 enactment of section 68.065. Indeed, in 1968, the Florida Supreme Court approved a form complaint for an action to collect on a worthless check. See Fla. R. Civ. P. Form 1.942;3 In re Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, 211 So.2d 174, 188 (Fla.1968).
Section 68.065 does not create an exclusive means to bring an action on a worthless check; rather it authorizes an award of treble damages and reasonable attorney’s fees in worthless check actions where certain additional elements have been proved.
Because Sarras’ complaint was filed within the applicable five-year limitation period, we reverse the final summary judgment entered below.4
REVERSED and REMANDED.
PALMER, J., concurs.
BERGER, J., dissents, with opinion.
dissenting.
I disagree with the majority that the five-year statute of limitations applies in this case. Section 68.065, Florida Statutes (2007), provides a civil remedy for any action brought for the purpose of collecting the balance owed on a worthless check. Because actions founded on statutory liability must be commenced within four years, see § 95.11(3)(f), Fla. Stat. (2007), I agree with the trial judge that Sarras’ claim, which was filed four and a half years after the check was issued, is time barred.
BERGER, J.,
dissenting.
I disagree with the majority that the five-year statute of limitations applies in this case. Section 68.065, Florida Statutes (2007), provides a civil remedy for any action brought for the purpose of collecting the balance owed on a worthless check. Because actions founded on statutory liability must be commenced within four years, see § 95.11(3)(f), Fla. Stat. (2007), I agree with the trial judge that Sarras’ claim, which was filed four and a half years after the check was issued, is time barred.
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Citator
Authorities Cited
- In re Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, 211 So. 2d 174 (Fla. 1968)
- The Fla. Bar. in re Rules of Civil Procedure, 391 So. 2d 165 (Fla. 1980)
- In re Amendments to the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, 604 So. 2d 1110 (Fla. 1992)
- Amendments to the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, 773 So. 2d 1098 (Fla. 2000)