TYLER SANKEY, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 2016-06-22
No. 2D15-2715
CRENSHAW and LUCAS, JJ., and DAKAN, STEPHEN L., Associate Senior Judge, Concur.
194 So. 3d 549 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (2016) Positive Treatment
Cited by 3 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

Tyler Sankey appeals the revocation of his probation on two alleged violations: failure to pay costs of supervision and failure to allow his probation officer home visits. The court reversed, holding that the State failed to present sufficient evidence of willful violations, particularly lacking evidence of Sankey's ability to pay and proof that he knowingly refused the probation officer access.


Holding

The court held that the State failed to establish willful violations on both counts. The trial court must inquire into a probationer's ability to pay and make an explicit finding of willfulness before revoking probation for non-payment; here, only general testimony of employment was provided without evidence of actual ability to pay. Regarding the home visit, there was no evidence that Sankey was aware the probation officer was at his door or that he willfully refused her access.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court must inquire into a probationer's ability to pay monetary obligations and make an explicit finding of willful failure to pay before revoking probation on th…

[2] The State must present sufficient evidence of willfulness, including evidence of the probationer's ability to pay, to prove a violation of probation for failure to pay mo…

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Key Quotes

“Before a probationer can be imprisoned for failure to pay a monetary obligation, the trial court must inquire into the probationer's ability to pay and make an explicit finding that he willfully failed to do so.”

Establishes the constitutional and statutory requirement for proving willful non-payment violations

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Facts & Procedural History

Sankey was on probation with conditions requiring him to allow probation officer visits and to pay costs of supervision. The probation officer alleged…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

Tyler Sahkey appeals the order revoking his probation and the ensuing judgment and sehtences. Because the State failed to prove a willful violation of probation, we rever'se and remand with instructions to reinstate Sankey’s probation.

The affidavit of violation of probation alleged that Sankey violated condition 9 by failing to allow his' probation officer to visit him at his home “as evidenced by his failure to answer repeated knocks on the doors and windows of his room.” The affidavit also alleged,,that he violated condition 2 by failing to pay costs of supervision. The order of revocation of probation merely states that “the defendant is, in violation” and .does not indicate what conditions the trial court found that Sankey had violated.

Before a probationer can be imprisoned for failure to, pay a monetary obligation, the trial court must inquire into the *550probationer’s ability to pay and make an explicit finding that he willfully failed to do so. Del Valle v. State, 80 So.3d 999, 1015 (Fla.2011). The State, at a revocation hearing, must present sufficient evidence of willfulness, including evidence that the probationer had the ability to pay. Id. “The failure to comport with these requirements constitutes fundamental error.” Id. at 1011. A probation officer’s testimony that a probationer is in arrears on the costs of supervision but is employed is insufficient to prove a willful violation of probation. See Blackwelder v. State, 902 So.2d 905, 906-08 (Fla. 2d DCA 2005).

At the hearing Sankey’s probation officer, Linda Rodenberry, testified that Sankey had made no payments towards his costs of supervision. However, there was no testimony that he had the ability to make payments other than Rodenberry’s opinion that he was employed and “had the ability to make some type of payments over the period of his supervision.” Furthermore, the trial court did not make a finding of willfulness, stating only, “Although he has worked two jobs, he has never paid a penny.” Because the evidence was insufficient to establish a willful violation of probation for failure to pay costs of supervision, Sankey was entitled to a favorable determination on the alleged violation of condition 2. See Robinson v. Stated 773 So.2d 566, 567 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000).

Regarding the alleged violation of condition 9, Rodenberry testified that San-key lived in a rooming house. At 7:00 a.m., she knocked on the window and the door of Sankey’s room but - no one answered. The TV was on low and the air conditioner was running. Sankey eventually came out of his room and allowed Rodenberry access about fifteen minutes after she arrived. There was no testimony that Rodenberry announced herself as a probation officer and no evidence that San-key was aware that his probation officer was knocking on his door.1 Following the revocation hearing testimony, Sankey argued that there was no evidence that he failed to comply with condition 9, stating, “It doesn’t say that as soon as someone knocks on your door you have to answer.” Because the State did not establish by a preponderance of the evidence that Sankey willfully failed to allow Rodenberry to visit him at his home, Sankey was also entitled to a favorable determination on the alleged violation of condition 9. See Hanania v. State, 855 So.2d 92, 94 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003) (“For a trial court to revoke probation based on a violation of a condition of probation, the State must establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the violation was willful and substantial.”).

We reverse the order of probation and the ensuing judgment and sentences and remand to the trial court with instructions to reinstate Sankey’s probation.

CRENSHAW and LUCAS, JJ., and DAKAN, STEPHEN L., Associate Senior Judge, Concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Contreras v. State, 2017 WL 2961117 (Fla. 2d DCA 2019)
    …ion and was in arrears on his payments for the costs of supervision. That said, "testimony that a probationer is in arrears on the costs of supervision but is employed is insufficient to prove a willful violation of probation." Sankey v. State, 194 So. 3d 549, 550 (Fla. 2d DCA 2016). Indeed, "[b]efore a probationer can be imprisoned for failure to pay a monetary obligation, the trial court must inquire into the probationer's ability to pay and make an explicit finding that he willfully failed to do s…

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