GLENDA MARTINEZ SMITH, APPELLANT,
v.
J. ALAN SMITH, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 2016-06-29
No. 4D14-1436
WARNER and MAY, JJ., concur., DAMOORGIAN, J., dissents with opinion.
195 So. 3d 416 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (2016) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

The Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal granted a motion to certify a question of great public importance regarding the interpretation of a statute that restricts the right to marry for wards whose right to contract has been removed. The court disagreed with itself on whether lack of court approval for a ward's marriage renders the marriage void or merely voidable when the fundamental right to marry has not been expressly removed.


Holding

The court certified the following question of great public importance to the Florida Supreme Court: Does the statute require court approval before the marriage is performed (making it void if absent), or does failure to obtain approval merely make the marriage voidable (permitting later court approval)?


Headnotes

[1] A statute restricting the fundamental right to marry must be strictly tailored to remedy a problem in the most effective way and must not restrict a person's rights any m…

[2] The interpretation of a statute affecting the fundamental right to marry and potentially impacting wards is a question of great public importance.

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Key Quotes

“Marriage is one of the 'basic civil rights of man,' fundamental to our very existence and survival.”

Establishes the fundamental nature of the right to marry, cited from Loving v. Virginia to support strict scrutiny analysis

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Facts & Procedural History

A ward whose right to contract was removed but whose right to marry was not removed sought to marry. Section 744.3215(2) of the Florida Statutes requi…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

On Motion To Certify A Question Of Great Public Importance

PER CURIAM.

We deny the motion for rehearing and rehearing en banc. We grant the motion to certify a question of great public importance.

The majority and dissent disagree on the effect of a statute which restricts the fundamental right to marry. “Marriage is one of the ‘basic civil rights of man,’ fundamental to our very existence and survival.” Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1, 12, 87 S.Ct. 1817, 18 L.Ed.2d 1010 (1967). Where a fundamental right is involved, the statute must be “strictly tailored to remedy the problem in the most effective way and must not restrict a person’s rights any more than absolutely necessary.” Mitchell v. Moore, 786 So.2d 521, 527 (Fla.2001). Section 744.3215(2), Florida Statutes (2013), which requires court approval of a marriage of a ward, whose right to contract has been removed but whose right to marry has not, affects the rights of wards of all types, although it particularly affects the elderly. Because of its implications on that fundamental right to marry and its potential impact on wards, the interpretation of that statute is a question of great public importance, and we certify the following question:

Where the fundamental right to marry has not been removed from a ward under section 744.3215(2)(a), Florida Statutes, does the statute require the ward to obtain approval from the court prior to exercising the right to marry, without which approval the marriage is absolutely void, or does such failure render the marriage voidable, as court approval could be conferred after the marriage?

WARNER and MAY, JJ., concur.

DAMOORGIAN, J., dissents with opinion.

*417DAMOORGIAN, J.,

dissenting.

I dissent because the ward did not lose his right to marry. Rather, his right to marry was made subject to court approval for his own protection. Strikingly absent from the majority’s attempt to explain why this case is a matter of great public importance justifying the certified question, is any attempt to argue that the state does not have a compelling state interest in protecting those who are declared incompetent from becoming victims of nefarious conduct. Perhaps this is because the condition precedent imposed on the ward’s right to marry is not unduly burdensome. The implication of the majority’s certified question is to allow a ward to be victimized and then have the court system unravel the mess. I do not join in such an undertaking.

Dissent
DAMOORGIAN, J.,

[*417] DAMOORGIAN, J.,

dissenting.

I dissent because the ward did not lose his right to marry. Rather, his right to marry was made subject to court approval for his own protection. Strikingly absent from the majority’s attempt to explain why this case is a matter of great public importance justifying the certified question, is any attempt to argue that the state does not have a compelling state interest in protecting those who are declared incompetent from becoming victims of nefarious conduct. Perhaps this is because the condition precedent imposed on the ward’s right to marry is not unduly burdensome. The implication of the majority’s certified question is to allow a ward to be victimized and then have the court system unravel the mess. I do not join in such an undertaking.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Smith v. Smith, 224 So. 3d 740 (Fla. 2017)
    …N APPROVAL FROM THE COURT PRIOR TO EXERCISING THE,RIGHT TO MARRY, WITHOUT WHICH APPROVAL THE MARRIAGE IS ABSOLUTELY VOID, OR DOES 'SUCH FAILURE RENDER THE MARRIAGE VOIDABLE, AS COURT APPROVAL COULD BE CONFERRED AFTER THE MARRIAGE? ■ Smith v. Smith, 195 So. 3d 416, 416 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016). We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 3(b)(4); Fla. Const. For the reasons discussed below, we quash the decision of the Fourth District and hold that where the right to contract has been removed under section 744.3215(2)(a),…

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