DEON BYRD, APPELLANT,
v.
THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 2017-03-15
No. 3D17-68
Before SUAREZ, C.J., and ROTHENBERG and EMAS, JJ.
216 So. 3d 39 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (2017) Caution
Cited by 4 cases

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Synopsis

Deon Byrd appeals the trial court's denial of his Rule 3.850 motion for postconviction relief following his conviction for second-degree murder and firearm possession. The appellate court affirmed, finding that Byrd failed to establish ineffective assistance of counsel under the Strickland standard on any of his nine claims.


Holding

The court affirmed the denial of postconviction relief, finding that Byrd failed to meet his burden under Strickland v. Washington by demonstrating that counsel's performance was deficient and that the deficiency prejudiced his defense such that there is a reasonable probability the proceeding would have been different.


Headnotes

[1] Claims reviewable on direct appeal are not subject to collateral attack via postconviction relief.

[2] To prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must establish deficient performance and resulting prejudice.

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Key Quotes

“to prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must establish that trial counsel's performance was deficient and that the deficient performance prejudiced the defendant so as to deprive him of a fair trial.”

States the controlling Strickland standard that Byrd must satisfy on all ineffective assistance claims

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Facts & Procedural History

Byrd was convicted on March 9, 2012, of second-degree murder and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon. During jury deliberations, the jury ask…

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Opinion of the Court
ROTHENBERG, J.

ROTHENBERG, J.

.. The defendant, Deon Byrd, appeals the trial court’s order denying his motion and supplemental motion for postconvietion relief filed pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850. We affirm the trial court’s thorough and well-reasoned order.

On March 9, 2012, the defendant was found guilty of second degree murder and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, which this Court affirmed on direct appeal. Byrd v. State, 150 So.3d 1152 (Fla. 3d DCA 2014). In the defendant’s timely filed motion and supplemental motion for postconvietion relief, he raised nine separate grounds attacking actions attributable to the State, the trial court, and the defendant’s trial counsel. Because the grounds asserted against the State and the trial court were reviewable on direct appeal, and thus not subject to collateral attack by postconvietion relief, we affirm the trial court’s order as to those claims. Specifically, we find that claims I, V, VI, and a portion of claim II fall into this category.1

We now address the remaining claims, all of which allege ineffective assistance of trial counsel.

Claim II—Trial counsel’s failure to object to the trial court’s failure to offer to read back certain testimony

During jury deliberations, the jury submitted the following question to the trial court: ‘What color shorts did Cormelia Hawkins [a State witness] specify the defendant was wearing at her house?” Although the jury did not request *42either a transcript or a “read-back” of Hawkins testimony, the defendant argues that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel by not objecting to the trial court’s failure to offer to read back the testimony to the jurors and its instruction to the jurors to rely on their recollections of the evidence. However, to prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must establish that trial counsel’s performance was deficient and that the deficient performance prejudiced the defendant so as to deprive him of a fair trial. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984); Crain v. State, 78 So.3d 1025, 1033 (Fla. 2011). Because the defendant has not demonstrated the requisite prejudice and deprivation of his right to a fair trial, we find no error with regards to the trial court’s order denying this claim.2

Claim III—Trial counsel’s failure to object to the manslaughter instruction provided to the jury

We find this claim devoid of merit. The manslaughter instruction provided by the trial court in this case did not contain the objectionable language initially identified or addressed by the Florida Supreme Court in State v. Montgomery, 39 So.3d 252, 259-60 (Fla. 2010). The instruction given was the corrected Florida Standard Jury Instruction (Crim.) 7.7 approved by the Florida Supreme Court: “In order to convict of manslaughter by intentional act, it is not necessary for the State to prove *43that the defendant had a premeditated intent to cause death, only an intent to commit an act which caused death.”

Claim IV—Trial counsel’s failure to object to the State’s closing argument

The defendant claims that during closing arguments, the prosecutor bolstered the testimony of an eyewitness by vouching for the witness’s credibility. This claim is refuted by the record. Referring to the evidence presented, arguing that the evidence was consistent with other evidence in the case, and noting the lack of evidence of a witness’s motive to lie do not constitute bolstering. Yok v. State, 891 So.2d 602, 603 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006) (concluding that the prosecutor’s statement in closing arguments urging the jury to find that the witness was credible (“honest and straight-forward”) based on the evidence did not constitute improper bolstering).

Claim VIII—Trial counsel’s failure to object to the “principal” instruction given to the jury

The defendant claims that the trial court erred by instructing the jury on “principals” because the information did not charge him as a principal and that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel by failing to object. There is no requirement, however, that the charging document specifically allege that the defendant acted as a principal in order for the State to pursue and the jury to be instructed on principals. See State v. Larzelere, 979 So.2d 195, 215 (Fla. 2008).

Claim VIII—Trial counsel’s failure to object to the trial court’s omission of the definitions of justifiable and excusable homicide when charging the jury

While it is true that the trial court erred by failing to provide the jury with the standard jury instruction for the definitions of justifiable and excusable homicide, we do not find that this omission constitutes fundamental error or prejudice sufficient to have deprived the defendant of a fair trial. The issue in this case was not whether the homicide was justifiable or excusable, but rather, whether the defendant was the person who committed the homicide. Thus, the error was not fundamental error. See Pena v. State, 901 So.2d 781, 787 (Fla. 2005) (finding that the trial court did not commit fundamental error where the defendant did not request those instructions and justification or excuse were not material issues); Franco v. State, 901 So.2d 901, 904 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (holding that the trial court’s failure to provide a justifiable or excusable homicide instruction was not fundamental error where there was no evidence that the homicide was justifiable or excusable). Because the defendant has not demonstrated a reasonable probability that with the inclusion of these instructions, the jury would have had a reasonable doubt as to his guilt, as required under the second prong of the Strickland analysis, we do not find that the defendant’s trial counsel’s failure to object constitutes ineffective assistance of counsel. Strickland, 948 So.2d at 617.

Claim IX—Trial counsel’s failure to object to the inclusion of the “self-defense” instruction

The defendant claims that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel by failing to object to the inclusion of the “self-defense” instruction with the other instructions provided to the jury. As previously stated, the defendant’s defense in this case was not that his actions were either justifiable or excusable, but was instead based on a theory of mistaken identification—that he was not the person who committed the crime. Thus, the defendant presently contends that the inclusion of the “self-defense” instruction was irrelevant, not that the instruction given was infirm. *44The defendant, however, has not articulated any prejudice, nor have we found any, which resulted from this allegedly irrelevant instruction. Therefore, the defendant has not met his burden under the Strickland analysis, and he has not established ineffective assistance of counsel requiring a new trial.

CONCLUSION

Because the defendant has failed to meet his burden of establishing that his trial counsel’s performance was deficient and that the deficiency prejudiced his defense such that there is a reasonable probability that but for the claimed errors the proceeding would have been different, we affirm. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694, 104 S.Ct. 2062.

Affirmed.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Mendez v. State, 252 So. 3d 368 (Fla. 3d DCA 2018)
  • …Roberts, 4 So. 3d at 1265. Notably, “[t]here is no requirement . . . that the charging document specifically allege that the defendant acted as a principal in order for the State to pursue and the jury to be instructed on principals.” Byrd v. State, 216 So. 3d 39, 43 (Fla. 3d DCA 2017) (citing State v. Larzelere, 979 So. 2d 195, 215 (Fla. 2008)). Here, because Florida law does not require the charging document to allege a defendant acted as a principal, any objection, motion to dismiss, or motion for a dire…
  • …it court’s “relevant rationale,” the Court presumes that the appellate court “adopted the same reasoning.” Wilson, 138 S. Ct. at 1194. acted as a principal in order for the State to pursue and the jury to be instructed on principals.” Byrd v. State, 216 So. 3d 39, 43 (Fla. 3d DCA 2017) (citing State v. Larzelere, 979 So. 2d 195, 215 (Fla. 2008)). Regarding the independent act defense to the principal theory Florida’s Fifth District Court of Appeal has explained, The “independent act” doctrine applies…

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