JENNIFER MASINO
v.
THEODORE P. MASINO

Fla. 1st DCA | 2018-09-14
No. 18-0450
254 So. 3d 649 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2018) Positive Treatment
Cited by 1 case

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Synopsis

A former wife appealed a dissolution judgment challenging six issues, with the appellate court focusing on the trial court's imputation of income to determine alimony and attorneys' fees. The court reversed the income imputation due to lack of evidentiary support and required findings, which necessitated reversing the alimony and attorneys' fees awards, while affirming other aspects of the judgment.


Holding

The court reversed the imputation of income because the trial court failed to make the requisite particularized findings supported by competent, substantial evidence and did not properly consider the local job market for the former wife's occupational qualifications. Consequently, the alimony and attorneys' fees awards were also reversed because they were based, at least in part, on the improperly imputed income.


Headnotes

[1] Before imputing income to a party for purposes of alimony or child support determination, a trial court must make particularized findings regarding the party's work histo…

[2] When a trial court's award of alimony and attorneys' fees is based, at least in part, on imputed income, reversal of the imputed income determination requires reversal of…

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Facts & Procedural History

The trial court imputed annual income of $92,000 to the former wife based on Bureau of Labor Statistics data, determining she was voluntarily underemp…

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Opinion of the Court

September 14, 2018 PER CURIAM.

The former wife raises six issues with the trial court’s final judgment of dissolution. We reverse the imputation of income, which requires us to reverse the court’s determinations of alimony and attorneys’ fees as well; but we affirm the judgment in all other respects.

A trial court may impute income to a former spouse who is “voluntarily unemployed or underemployed due to the pursuit of his or her own interests, or a less than diligent effort to find employment paying at a level equal to that formerly enjoyed.” Swain v. Swain, 932 So. 2d 1214, 1215 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006). Before imputing income, the court is also required to make “particularized findings regarding work history, occupational qualifications, and the current job market in the community.” Broga v. Broga, 166 So. 3d 183, 185 (Fla. 1st DCA 2015). Those findings must be supported by competent, substantial evidence. Rabbath v. Farid, 4 So. 3d 778, 782 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009). A failure to make the required findings constitutes reversible error. Broga, 166 So. 3d at 186. Because alimony and attorneys’ fees awards are based, at least in part, on the parties’ incomes, a reversal of imputed income compels a reversal of these awards as well. Rabbath, 4 So. 3d at 784–86.

In determining alimony, the trial court imputed income to the former wife without the requisite evidentiary support and without making the requisite particularized findings. The trial court determined that the former wife was voluntarily underemployed and could be making $92,000 a year based on data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but the BLS data does not appear in the record, and the court failed to make particularized findings on the local job market for a person with the former wife’s occupational qualifications. See, e.g., Broga v. Broga, 227 So. 3d 239, 240–41 (Fla. 1st DCA 2017). We therefore reverse the imputation of income to the former wife.

Because the trial court expressly based the alimony award on the imputed income, we must reverse that portion of the final judgment as well. Finally, we must reverse the attorneys’ fee award, because it is not clear from the record whether the trial court based the fee award on the former wife’s actual or imputed income. On remand, the trial court must base alimony and fees on the former wife’s actual income or on properly-supported imputed income.

We REVERSE the final judgment in part, AFFIRM it in part, and REMAND to the trial court for further proceedings.

ROWE, OSTERHAUS, and KELSEY, JJ., concur. _____________________________ Not final until disposition of any timely and authorized motion under Fla. R. App. P. 9.330 or 9.331.

_____________________________ Andrew D. Wheeler of The Wheeler Firm, Fort Walton Beach, for Appellant. David A. Carroll, Pensacola, for Appellee.


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