STATE OF FLORIDA
v.
CURTIS SEARLES

Fla. 1st DCA | 2019-01-25
No. 18-1749
Grover Sellers
264 So. 3d 286 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2019) Positive Treatment
Cited by 1 case

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Synopsis

This appellate case addresses whether a defendant properly preserved a legal argument challenging a trial court's dismissal of criminal charges based on insufficient evidence. The majority affirmed the dismissal while finding the defendant failed to preserve the specific legal argument on appeal and that the State invited any error in the trial court's analysis.


Holding

The court affirmed the trial court's decision, holding that the defendant failed to preserve the specific legal argument on appeal because it did not assert it as the legal ground for the motion below. Additionally, the State invited any error by presenting Knight and other cases to the trial court regarding the proper standards for evaluating sufficiency of evidence in these contexts.


Headnotes

[1] Under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.190(c)(4), a motion to dismiss requires only a showing of a prima facie case, not evidence sufficient to sustain a conviction,…

[2] A party that fails to make specific legal arguments at the trial court level cannot raise those arguments for the first time on appeal, and the invited error doctrine bar…

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Key Quotes

“As long as the State shows the barest prima facie case, it should not be prevented from prosecuting.”

Explaining the proper standard for ruling on motions to dismiss, distinguishing it from the higher standard required for judgments of acquittal.

Facts & Procedural History

The defendant moved to dismiss criminal charges, arguing the State failed to present sufficient evidence. The trial court granted the motion to dismis…

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Opinion of the Court

specific argument below, a fact which it acknowledges in its reply brief. As such, the argument was not preserved for appeal. See Harrell v. State, 894 So. 2d 935, 940 (Fla. 2005) (noting that in order for an issue to be cognizable on appeal, it must be the specific contention asserted below as the legal ground for the objection, exception, or motion). We also conclude that the State invited any error on the trial court’s part in analyzing Appellee’s motion to dismiss in the context of cases involving motions for judgment of acquittal. The State presented to the trial court the case of Knight v. State, 186 So. 3d 1005 (Fla. 2016), wherein the supreme court discussed when the circumstantial evidence standard of review is to be used when ruling on motions for judgment of acquittal, and it participated in the discussion regarding Knight and other cases sufficient evidence to sustain a conviction. Id. “‘As long as the State shows the barest prima facie case, it should not be prevented from prosecuting.’” Id. (citation omitted); see also State v. Carry, 75 So. 3d 803, 805 (Fla. 5th DCA 2011) (noting that the State, when faced with a motion to dismiss, is not obligated to produce evidence sufficient to sustain a conviction such as in the case of a motion for judgment of acquittal); State v. Yarn, 63 So. 3d 82, 86 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011) (noting that while the appellee relied upon cases presenting factual situations similar to his, the cases involved the review of a denial of a motion for judgment of acquittal, that the standard used in such cases was inapplicable to the issue of whether the State’s evidence was sufficient to overcome a motion to dismiss, and that “this significant factual distinction renders the rulings [in the cases relied upon by the appellee] immaterial to the resolution of this case”); State v. Cadore, 59 So. 3d 1200, 1203 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011) (noting that even if circumstantial evidence is not sufficient to convict a defendant, that does not mean that the evidence cannot establish a prima facie case sufficient to withstand a motion to dismiss and that even if a trial court doubts the sufficiency of the State’s evidence, it cannot grant a motion to dismiss criminal charges simply because it concludes that the case will not survive a motion for judgment of acquittal); State v. Gay, 960 So. 2d 864, 866 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007) (noting that the trial court appeared to have applied the standard for deciding a motion for judgment of acquittal instead of the standard for ruling on a motion to dismiss).

involving such motions. See Flowers v. State, 149 So. 3d 1206, 1207 (Fla. 1st DCA 2014) (noting that under the invited error doctrine, a party may not invite or make error in the trial court and then take advantage of the error on appeal).

Accordingly, we affirm.

AFFIRMED.

LEWIS and WETHERELL, JJ., concur; WOLF, J. dissents with opinion.

_____________________________ Not final until disposition of any timely and authorized motion under Fla. R. App. P. 9.330 or 9.331.

_____________________________ WOLF, J., dissenting.

There was sufficient prima facie evidence to withstand a motion to dismiss. Knight v. State, 186 So. 3d 1005 (Fla. 2016). This issue was sufficiently presented both to this court and the trial court. I would, therefore, reverse.

_____________________________ Ashley B. Moody, Attorney General, and Benjamin L. Hoffman, Assistant Attorney General, Tallahassee, for Appellant. Andy Thomas, Public Defender, and Steven L. Seliger, Assistant Public Defender, Tallahassee, for Appellee.


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