JAMES F. TRAINOR, JR.
v.
BULU2, LLC, A FLORIDA LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY

Fla. 5th DCA | 2022-04-01
No. 21-2786
Lambert, C.J., Wallis, J., Traver, J., Jacobus, J.
Florida District Court of Appeal, Fifth District (2022)

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Holding

Default judgments quieting title and awarding attorney's fees must be vacated when entered without notice and hearing on the default motion, and attorney's fees are not recoverable in quiet title actions absent statutory or contractual authorization.


Headnotes

[1] Default judgments, including awards of attorney's fees and civil contempt sanctions, cannot be entered without notice and hearing on the motion for default judgment, and…

[2] Attorney's fees are not recoverable in a quiet title action absent statutory authorization or a contractual basis for recovery.

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Key Quotes

“A person facing civil contempt sanctions is entitled to notice and an opportunity to be heard.”

Court's reasoning for vacating the civil contempt sanction imposed without hearing

Facts & Procedural History

Trainor was the defendant in a quiet title action brought by BULU2, LLC. Default final judgments were entered against Trainor without notice or hearin…

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Opinion of the Court
Traver

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA

FIFTH DISTRICT

NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO

FILE MOTION FOR REHEARING AND

DISPOSITION THEREOF IF FILED

JAMES F. TRAINOR, JR., Appellant, v. Case No. 5D21-2786 LT Case No. 05-2021-CA-012889

BULU2, LLC, A FLORIDA LIMITED

LIABILITY COMPANY, Appellee. ________________________________/ Opinion filed April 1, 2022 Nonfinal Appeal from the Circuit Court for Brevard County, Curt Jacobus, Judge. Karl W. Bohne, Jr., and Christopher J. Coleman, of Schillinger & Coleman, P.A., Melbourne, for Appellant. Eric J. Sanchez, of Eric J. Sanchez, P.A., Miami, for Appellee.

LAMBERT, C.J.

Footnotes
2 James F. Trainor, Jr., who was the defendant below, timely appeals the trial court’s order summarily denying his Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.540(b) motion to set aside a default final judgment and a later amended default final judgment entered against him in favor of BULU2, LLC (“Plaintiff”). These judgments quieted title to Plaintiff in certain real property and also included separate awards of attorney’s fees in favor of Plaintiff and against Trainor. A detailed opinion is unnecessary to resolve this appeal or to otherwise address Trainor’s various arguments for reversal. In that each final judgment was entered without Plaintiff noticing its motion for default judgment or its amended motion for default judgment for hearing, resulting in the trial court entering the two judgments without a hearing, we reverse the trial court’s order denying Trainor’s motion and remand with directions that those portions of the default final judgment and the amended default final judgment that awarded attorney’s fees to Plaintiff be vacated. See Ciotti v. Hubsch, 302 So. 3d 497, 500 (Fla. 5th DCA 2020) (en banc); Cellular Warehouse, Inc. v. GH Cellular, LLC, 957 So. 2d 662, 665–67 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007).1 1 Trainor has not challenged the portions of the default final judgment and the amended default final judgment that quieted title. We also note that the amended default final judgment contains a separate $8,000 fine that Trainor was ordered to pay Plaintiff, apparently as some form of sanction for his alleged failure to comply with an earlier order to compel his signature on
3 Lastly, as an award of attorney’s fees is not statutorily authorized in a quiet title action, see Price v. Tyler, 890 So. 2d 246, 251–52 (Fla. 2004), and there is no contractual basis for Plaintiff to be awarded attorney’s fees here, on remand, the trial court, following a properly noticed hearing, shall enter a new final judgment that only includes an award for taxable court costs.2 REVERSED and REMANDED, with directions. WALLIS and TRAVER, JJ., concur. a corrective deed. While we question the need for the signature as title to the property described in the proposed deed was already quieted in Plaintiff by virtue of the judgment, because this sanction was included in the amended default final judgment without a hearing, thus depriving Trainor of notice and an opportunity to be heard in mitigation before this specific and precise amount of the civil contempt sanction was imposed, we direct that this sum is also to be vacated from the amended default final judgment. See Chetram v. Singh, 937 So. 2d 716, 719 (Fla. 5th DCA 2006) (“A person facing civil contempt sanctions is entitled to notice and an opportunity to be heard.”). 2 The entry of this judgment is necessitated because in the two default final judgments at issue, the trial court awarded an undifferentiated lump sum for attorney’s fees and court costs; and our record does not show what part of each lump sum award was solely attributed to court costs.

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