SYLVIA DERINGER, ALSO KNOWN AS SYLVIA DERINGER LEON, AND HER HUSBAND, EDWARD LEON, APPELLANTS,
v.
SAM PAPPAS, APPELLEE
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The court held that a landlord is entitled to the pro rata share of rent for the period the tenant actually possessed the property, and loss of profits is not an allowable element of damages when the landlord retakes possession for their own benefit.
This was the second appeal concerning a lease dispute. The prior appeal established that a security forfeiture provision was a penalty and remanded fo…
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The appellants-landlords, appeal a final decree in favor of the appellee-tenant.
This is the second appearance of a phase of the above-captioned litigation in this court. The facts of the case were fully set out in this court’s opinion, in Pappas v. Deringer, Fla.App.1962, 145 So.2d 770. In fact, that decision disposes of several of the points raised by appellants in their brief in the instant case.
In our previous opinion, we held that the provision in the lease forfeiting the security was a penalty. We reversed the trial court for dismissing the complaint, and remanded for the limited purpose of determining the amount, if any, of lessor’s damages.
It therefore follows that the trial judge was without authority to dismiss the complaint upon remand. The law of the case precluded a dismissal of the complaint, inasmuch as, this court had reversed the trial court for previously dismissing the complaint.1 This court’s act of reversing the trial court’s dismissal of the complaint amounted to a determination of the sufficiency of the complaint on all possible grounds of attack.
*571We now turn to the only issue which the chancellor had before him, the amount of damage, if any, the landlord suffered by virtue of the tenant’s removal from the property.
, The first assignment of error raised by appellants in regard to their damage was relative to the rental payment of $8,125 due on April 1, 1959, but the appellants had instituted eviction proceedings which resulted in their obtaining possession on April 5, 1959.
The chancellor made the following findings of fact which we will not and may not interfere with:
“By agreement between counsel for the plaintiff and counsel for the defendants, the plaintiff was permitted to remain in possession until April 5, 1959.”
Therefore, the date of the eviction for purposes of determining legal rights was April 1, 1959. The question before us is, how much rent are the appellants entitled to receive ? From the terms of the lease it is obvious that the lease was to run for 5 annual periods beginning on June 6 and ending on June 5 of the following year. It is well-settled that the landlord may only recover the pro rata share of the rent during the period the tenant actually was in possession.2 The lease was not on a monthly basis, so the argument of appellee that since he was effectively evicted April 1, relieves him of liability for the rent payment of April 1 is untenable. The four rent payments were for the entire year from June to May, and must be so applied on a pro rata basis. The parties clearly did not intend for the tenant to pay rent for four months and occupy the premises for 8 months free. This payment schedule was set up to that the annual rent would be paid during that part of the year when the tenant would have the least difficulty in paying it. The April rent payment was not simply for the month of April, and the chancellor erred in so holding. The tenant was in possession for ten months of the twelve month period and his rent obligation was $27,083.33.3 Inasmuch as he had only paid $24,375,4 the chancellor should have awarded appellants $2,708.33 of the $8,125 payment due on April 1, 1959. We will reverse and remand in this regard so that the trial court may amend its final decree accordingly.
Appellants next raise the failure of the chancellor to accord as an item of their damage, the loss of profit which would have been realized if the appellee had fully complied with the terms of the lease. We affirm the trial court’s action in holding that loss of profits, in this case is an unallowable element of damages.
The chancellor made the undis-turbable finding of fact that the landlords took possession of the property for their own benefit, and not the tenant’s.5 Upon the lessor’s re-taking of possession for his own use, he is no longer entitled to future rent payments unaccrued at the time that the lessor took possession.6 Inasmuch as, the lessor is not entitled to recover future rentals, the possible loss of profits based thereon is not a proper element of damages,7 and we affirm the chancellor’s action in regard thereto.
*572We have considered the other points raised by appellant and determine them to be without merit.
Accordingly, the judgment appealed is affirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded for proceedings consistent herewith.
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Hudson Pest Control, Inc. v. Westford Asset Mgmt., Inc., 622 So. 2d 546 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993)…in the landlord's not being able to sue for damages measured by the rent payments which accrue in the future after the landlord has retaken possession. See Geiger Mutual Agency, Inc. v. Wright, 233 So. 2d 444 (Fla. 4th DCA 1970); Deringer v. Pappas, 164 So. 2d 569 (Fla. 3d DCA 1964). The rationale for this result is that the lease has been “surrendered” by either the actions of the parties or their expressed intent.3 Since a surrender extinguishes the leasehold estate, all of the tenant’s unaccrued or future…
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Cutler Gate Bldg. Corp. v. United States Leasing Corp., 165 So. 2d 207 (Fla. 3d DCA 1964)…ssor of personal property can exercise the same election. However, if he desires to hold the tenant or lessee to the terms of the lease, he must do so in recognition of the tenancy and not in derogation thereof. See Deringer v. Pappas, Fla.App.1964, 164 So. 2d 569. A similar situation arose in Monsalvatge & Co. of Miami, Inc. v. Ryder Leasing, Inc., Fla.App.1963, 151 So. 2d 453. It was there held: “Since the title to the leased property was reserved to the lessor-appellee, and the appellant was under an obl…
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Deringer v. Pappas, 166 So. 2d 753 (Fla. 1964)…Certiorari dismissed without opinion. 164 So. 2d 569.…
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Williams v. Aeroland OIL Co., 155 Fla. 114 (Fla. 1944)
- Hyman v. Cohen, 73 So. 2d 393 (Fla. 1954)
- Stenor, Inc. v. Lester, 58 So.2d 673 (Fla. 1951)
- Maounis v. Igor Shamis (Fla. 3d DCA 2023)
- Leybourne v. Furlong, 161 So. 2d 221 (Fla. 3d DCA 1964)
- Pappas v. Deringer, 145 So. 2d 770 (Fla. 3d DCA 1962)
- Beulah McCollum King and Jackson L. King v. Citizens & S. Nat'l Bank OF Atlanta, 119 So. 2d 67 (Fla. 3d DCA 1960)
- Zaconick v. Leo P. McKEE in Bankr. for Crescent Art Galleries, Inc., 310 F.2d 12 (5th Cir. 1962)