J. H. TACKER
v.
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS, OF POLK COUNTY, ET AL.

Fla. | 1936-10-28
Whitfield, C. J., and Ellis, Terrell, Brown and Buford, J. J., concur.
126 Fla. 15 Florida Supreme Court (1936) Caution
Also reported at: 170 So. 458
Cited by 8 cases

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Synopsis

The Florida Supreme Court considered the definition of "qualified electors" under a slot machine licensing act. The court held that "qualified electors" refers to those registered and constitutionally eligible to vote, not necessarily those who have paid poll taxes. This interpretation determined whether a petition met the threshold for a recall election.


Holding

The term "qualified electors" in the statute refers to individuals who are duly registered and possess the constitutional qualifications to vote, regardless of whether they have paid poll taxes. Therefore, the petition did not meet the 20% threshold.


Key Quotes

“Where a statute provides for specially calling an election, or for submitting a proposition to vote, upon condition of a petition signed by “qualified electors” the phrase “qualified electors” as used in the statute, should, in the absence of some unmistakable intendment appearing to the contrary in the language or context of the Act, be deemed and held to contemplate those persons who are duly registered as electors and who possess the qualifications prescribed by Article VI of the Florida Constitution”

This quote establishes the court's primary interpretation of "qualified electors" based on constitutional definitions.

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Facts & Procedural History

A citizen sought an injunction to prevent county commissioners from placing a recall question for slot machine licensing on the ballot. The petition f…

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Opinion of the Court
Davis, J.

Davis, J.

This is a controversy involving the proper interpretation of Section 12-A of Chapter 17257, Acts 1935, commonly known as the referendum provision of the 1935 Slot Machine Act. The court below denied the injunction sought by appellant to restarin the appellees, County Commissioners of Polk County, from printing upon November 3, 1936, general election ballots the special question of recall of slot machine licensing provided to be voted upon under Section 12-A, supra, in the event a petition of twenty per cent, of the “qualified electors” of any county should so pray.

The case is now before this Court upon appellant’s application for a constitutional writ of injunction in the nature of a supersedeas to conserve this Court’s appellate jurisdiction in a case where injunctive relief, if proper to be granted at all, must be granted prior to the printing of the 1936 general election ballots if it is to be effective for the purposes of appellant’s suit. See: Anderson v. Tower Amusement Co., 118 Fla. 437, 159 Sou. Rep. 782 (4th headnote) .

The submission to the electors of the question provided for by Section 12-A of Chapter 17257, Acts of 1935, is expressly provided to be a conditional submission, the condition being that an election can be had only upon the condition that a petition signed by twenty per cent, of the “qualified electors” of the county is duly presented to the County Corhmissioners in time to have the proposition of same printed upon the ballots. Inasmuch as the result of *17the question if unlawfully submitted may adversely affect their statutory rights, citizens and taxpayers have an equitable standing to have enforced by injunction the observance, of the statutory condition that is precedent to any legal right in the County Commissioners to call an election under Section 12-A, supra. See: Crawford v. Gilchrist, 64 Fla. 41, 59 Sou. Rep. 963, Ann. Cas. 1914B 916; Duval County v. Jennings, 121 Fla. 584, 164 Sou. Rep. 356.

From the transcript it appears that in Polk County there are 27,721 qualified electors on the registration books; that of this number only 4,945* signed the petition under Section 12-A of Chapter 17257, supra, praying for a vote on the proposition lof recalling slot machine licensing in Polk County. Twenty per cent, of the aggregate number of qualified electors of Polk County would be 5,545 registered electors, so the petition is short of the necessary twenty per cent, of the “qualified electors” mentioned in said section.

Where a statute provides for specially calling an election, or for submitting a proposition to vote, upon condition of a petition signed by “qualified electors” the phrase “qualified electors” as used in the statute, should, in the absence of some unmistakable intendment appearing to the contrary in the language or context of the Act, be deemed and held to contemplate those persons who are duly registered as electors and who possess the qualifications prescribed by Article VI of the Florida Constitution (as modified by the Nineteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution) providing that every person of the age of twenty-one years and upwards that shall, at the time of registration, be a citizen of the United States, and that shall have resided and had his habitation, domicile, home and place of permanent abode *18in Florida for one year and in the county for six months shall in such county be a qualified elector, regardless of whether or not the same may have paid poll taxes to qualify themselves to actually vote at the time of signing the, statu-, tory petition.

Authorities from other States defining the phrase “qualified elector” one way or the other are immaterial. The Legislature of Florida when speaking through its enactments, is presumed to use the phrase “qualified elector” to mean an elector within the definition of that term as found in the Constitution, absent any affirmative declaration, express or implied, indicating that its use of the legal phrase “qualified elector” is intended to be employed in a narrower or more enlarged sense than the constitutional definition comprehends.

The constitutional writ of injunction prayed for under Section 5 of Article V of the Constitution as an incident to this appeal is granted and shall be effective until the further order of this Court.

Whitfield, C. J., and Ellis, Terrell, Brown and Buford, J. J., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Elbert Pearson v. Taylor, 159 Fla. 775 (Fla. 1947)
    …ction and then assail preceding deficiencies which he might have complained of to the proper authorities before the election. See Payne v. Hodgson, 34 Utah 269, 97 Pac. 132. It is possible that the opinion in Tacker v. Board of County Commissioners, 126 Fla. 15, 170 So. 458, pursuaded the lower court to its conclusion because there we said, in effect, that the filing of a petition signed by the required members of signers was a precedent to any legal election. This statement, like all enunciations of law,…
  • …ction and then assail preceding deficiencies which he might have complained of to the proper authorities before the election. See Payne v. Hodgson, 34 Utah 269, 97 P. 132. It is possible that the opinion in Tacker v. Board of Com’rs. of Polk County, 126 Fla. 15, 127 Fla. 248, 170 So. 458, persuaded the lower court to its conclusion because there we said, in effect, that the filing of' a petition signed by the required numbers of signers was a precedent to any legal election. This statement, like all enunci…
  • City OF Miami Beach v. Herman, 346 So. 2d 122 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977)
    …e date of the election. This requirement was not met and the trial judge was correct in enjoining the City from placing the subject rent control measure on the March 8 ballot. See Tacker v. Board of County Commissioners of Polk County, 127 Fla. 248, 170 So. 458 (1936). We also agree with the judge’s finding that the petitions are invalid for failure to set forth the rent control ordinance to be [*124] enacted as required by Section 26 of the Miami Beach City Charter. Order granting permanent injunction i…

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