MCGREGOR

v.

WATTS, JUDGE

Citator

Cited By

• Jurek v. Estelle, 623 F.2d 929 (5th Cir. 1980)
  …(1956). Cf. United States v. Johnson, 608 F. 2d 725, 730 (9th Cir. 1979) (applying clearly erroneous standard on direct appeal in a federal criminal case). But see, e. g., Makarewicz v. Scafati, 438 F. 2d 474, 477 (1st Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 402 U.S. 980, 91 S.Ct. 1685, 29 L.Ed.2d 145 (1971) (an appellate Court must make an independent determination on the ultimate issue of voluntariness); Outing v. North Carolina, supra, 383 F. 2d at 914-15 (Frank Kaufman, D. J., dissenting) (arguing that clearly e…
• Johnson v. Hall, 605 F.2d 577 (1st Cir. 1979)
  …ependent determination of voluntariness under the “totality of the circumstances" standard. Davis v. North Carolina, 384 U.S. 737, 741-42, 86 S.Ct. 1761, 16 L.Ed.2d 895 (1966); Makarewicz v. Scafati, 438 F. 2d 474, 477 (1st Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 402 U.S. 980, 91 S.Ct. 1685, 29 L.Ed.2d 145 (1971);5 See Procunier, supra, 400 U.S. at 451-52, 91 S.Ct. 485. And because our independent determination leads us to conclude that the confession must be considered voluntary even under the Lego standard, we see no r…