DUEMMEL

v.

UNITED STATES

Citator

Cited By

• United States v. Sutton, 794 F.2d 1415 (9th Cir. 1986)
  …s. The test is not whether the conduct under question is consistent with innocent behavior; law enforcement officers do not have to rule out the possibility of innocent behavior. United States v. Holland, 510 F. 2d 453, 455 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1010, 95 S.Ct. 2634, 45 L.Ed.2d 674 (1975). We hold that under these circumstances the officer had a “particularized and objective basis” for making the investigatory stop of Ortiz’s vehicle. Cortez, 449 U.S. at 417,101 S.Ct. at 695. The district court…
• United States v. Huberts, 637 F.2d 630 (9th Cir. 1980)
  …873, 884, 95 S.Ct. 2574, 2581, 45 L.Ed.2d 607 (1975); United States v. Gollom, 614 F. 2d 624, 628 (9th Cir. 1979); United States v. Post, 607 F. 2d 847, 850 (9th Cir. 1979); United States v. Holland, 510 F. 2d 453, 455 (9th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1010, 95 S.Ct. 2634, 45 L.Ed.2d 674 (1975). Therefore, we must determine only whether Detective Vest formed a reasonable suspicion from his interviews with the Carters and Janine to justify a brief field detention of Huberts to investigate their charges.…