WATHEN

v.

UNITED STATES

Citator

Cited By

• United States v. Knight, 607 F.2d 1172 (5th Cir. 1979)
  …a “scheme or artifice to defraud,” United States v. Toney, 598 F. 2d 1349, 1351 (5th Cir. 1979); see Pereira v. United States, 347 U.S. 1, 8, 74 S.Ct. 358, 98 L.Ed. 435 (1954); United States v. Perkal, 530 F. 2d 604, 605-06 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 821, 97 S.Ct. 70, 50 L.Ed.2d 82 (1976); (2) use of the mails “caused” by someone associated with the scheme, Pereira v. United States, supra, 347 U.S. at 8, 74 S.Ct. 358; United States v. Toney, supra, 598 F. 2d at 1351; United States v. Perkal, supra,…
• United States v. Lieberman, 608 F.2d 889 (1st Cir. 1979)
  …been stricken); United States v. Lonardo, 350 F. 2d 523, 527-30 (6th Cir. 1965) (deliberate destruction of stenographic transcripts required mistrial). Compare, e. g., United States v. Miranda, 526 F. 2d 1319, 1328—29 (2d Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 821, 97 S.Ct. 69, 50 L.Ed.2d 82 (1976) (inadvertent or negligent, nonprejudicial loss of tape of drug transactions did not warrant sanctions); United States v. Perry, 153 U.S.App.D.C. 89, 9A-98, 471 F. 2d 1057,1062-66 (D.C. Cir. 1972) (unintentional, no…
• Robbins v. Reagan, 780 F.2d 37 (D.C. Cir. 1985)
  …e shelter. . That doctrine operates to require enforcement of promises that have induced reasonable reliance by the promisee where enforcement is necessary to avoid injustice. See Granfield v. Catholic Univ., 530 F. 2d 1035 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 821, 97 S.Ct. 68, 50 L.Ed.2d 81 (1976). . Although the District Court dismissed only one claim on these grounds, we think the dismissal of a potentially meritorious claim is a severe enough sanction so that it should only be applied to egregious conduc…