HARRIS
v.
OKLAHOMA
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Per Curiam.
A clerk in a Tulsa, Okla., grocery store was shot and killed by a companion of petitioner in the course of a robbery of the store by the two men. Petitioner was convicted of felony-murder in Oklahoma State court. The opinion of the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals in this case states that “[i]n a felony murder case, the proof of the underlying felony [here robbery with firearms] is needed to prove the intent necessary for a felony murder conviction.” 555 P. 2d 76, 80-81 (1976). Petitioner nevertheless was thereafter brought to trial and convicted on a separate information charging the robbery with firearms, after denial of his motion to dismiss on the ground that this prosecution violated the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment because he had been already convicted of the offense in the felony-murder trial. The Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals affirmed.
When, as here, conviction of a greater crime, murder, cannot be had without conviction of the lesser crime, robbery with firearms, the Double Jeopardy Clause bars prosecution for the lesser crime after conviction of the greater one.* In re Nielsen, 131 U. S. 176 (1889); cf. Brown v. Ohio, 432 U. S. 161 (1977). “[A] person [who] has been tried and convicted for a crime which has various incidents included in it, . . . cannot be a second time tried for one of those incidents without being twice put in jeopardy for the same offence.” In re Nielsen, supra, at 188. See also Waller v. Florida, 397 U. S. 387 (1970); Grafton v. United States, 206 U. S. 333, 352 (1907).
The motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis is granted, the petition for writ of certiorari is granted, and the judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeals is
Reversed.
*
The State conceded in its response to the petition for certiorari that “in the Murder case, it was necessary for all the ingredients of the under lying felony of Robbery with Firearms to be proved . . . .” Brief in Opposition 4.
Mr. Justice Brennan,
with whom Mr. Justice Marshall joins,
concurring.
I join the Court’s opinion but in any event would reverse on a ground not addressed by the Court, namely, that the State did not prosecute the two informations in one proceeding. I adhere to the view that the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment, applied to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment, requires the prosecution in one proceeding, except in extremely limited circumstances not present here, of “all the charges against a defendant that grow out of a single criminal act, occurrence, episode, or transaction.” Ashe v. Swenson, 397 U. S. 436, 453-454 (1970) (Brennan, J., concurring). See Thompson v. Oklahoma, 429 U. S. 1053 (1977) (Brennan, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari), and cases collected therein.
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Bell v. State, 437 So. 2d 1057 (Fla. 1983)…22 (1976), reached a similar conclusion when it vacated a conviction and sentence for the lesser included offense of receiving proceeds of a robbery which was obtained together with a conviction on the robbery charge. Finally, in Harris v. Oklahoma, 433 U.S. 682, 97 S.Ct. 2912, 53 L.Ed.2d 1054 (1977), the Supreme Court held that a person tried and convicted for a crime which has various incidents included within it cannot be a second time tried for one of those incidents without being twice put in jeopardy…
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State v. Pinder, 375 So. 2d 836 (Fla. 1979)…PROOF THAT THE KILLING OCCURRED AS A RESULT OF COMMISSION OF ONE OF THE SAID FELONIES? Relying on the recent decisions of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Ohio, 432 U.S. 161, 97 S.Ct. 2221, 53 L.Ed.2d 187 (1977),1 and Harris v. Oklahoma, 433 U.S. 682, 97 S.Ct. 2912, 53 L.Ed.2d 1054 (1977),2 the district court answered the certified question in the negative. We agree with the holding and rationale of the district court. The defendant Pinder was charged by indictment with first-degree premeditate…
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Buford v. State, 403 So. 2d 943 (Fla. 1981)…ly one of the felonies need be considered the underlying felony and the defendant may be convicted and sentenced for the other felonies. The Court relied upon Brown v. Ohio, 432 U.S. 161, 97 S.Ct. 2221, 53 L.Ed.2d 187 (1977), and Harris v. Oklahoma, 433 U.S. 682, 97 S.Ct. 2912, 53 L.Ed.2d 1054 (1977). In the case sub judice there was ample evidence from which the jury could have found premeditation. Although the defendant, at one point, declared that he did not intend to kill the victim; nevertheless, he a…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Ashe v. Swenson, 397 U.S. 436 (U.S. 1970)
- Brown v. Ohio, 432 U.S. 161 (U.S. 1977)
- Waller v. Florida, 397 U.S. 387 (U.S. 1970)
- Hans Nielsen, 131 U.S. 176 (U.S. 1889)
- Grafton v. The United States, 206 U.S. 333 (U.S. 1907)
- Fridrich v. Bradford, 429 U.S. 1053 (U.S. 1977)