PALMER

v.

UNITED STATES

Citator

Cited By

• United States v. Zapata, 871 F.2d 616 (7th Cir. 1989)
  …at we must look also at the instructions as a whole and determine “whether the instructional mistake had a probable impact on the jury’s finding that the defendant was guilty.” United States v. Jackson, 569 F. 2d 1003, 1010 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 437 U.S. 907, 98 S.Ct. 3096, 57 L.Ed.2d 1137 (1978). Indeed, “[i]t is axiomatic that in determining the propriety of instructions they are to be viewed as a whole. As long as the instructions treat the issues fairly and adequately they will not be interfered…
• United States v. Kimak, 624 F.2d 903 (9th Cir. 1980)
  …n the absence of probable cause to believe it contains contraband if there is nonetheless probable cause to believe that it was used ‘to facilitate the transfer of contraband.’ ” United States v. Johnson, 572 F. 2d 227, 234 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 437 U.S. 907, 98 S.Ct. 3097, 57 L.Ed.2d 1137 (1978) (emphasis added) (quoting United States v. LaVecchia, 513 F. 2d 1210, 1216 (2d Cir. 1975)). The defendant relies upon United States v. McCormick, 502 F. 2d 281, 287 (9th Cir. 1974). That was a case where th…